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- Selstam, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Structural organisation of prolamellar bodies (PLB) isolated from Zea mays. Parallel TEM, SAXS and absorption spectra measurements on samples subjected to freeze-thaw, reduced pH and high-salt perturbation
- 2007
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Ingår i: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Biomembranes. - : Elsevier BV. - 0005-2736 .- 0006-3002. ; 1768:9, s. 2235-2245
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Well-organised PLB gives rise to a X-ray diffraction pattern overlaid by a scattering pattern arising from individual tubules within less wellorganised regions of the lattice. TEM and SAXS measurements were used to characterise the structural changes in PLB subjected to perturbation by freeze-thaw, exposure to pH 6.5, or resuspension in high-salt media. Comparison of SAXS patterns measured, before and after structural perturbation allows the separation of the contributions from ordered and disordered PLB. The diffraction pattern is shown to be based on a diamond cubic (Fd3m) lattice of unit cell a= 78 nm. Freeze-thaw and high-salt disruption lead to the breakdown of ordered PLB into disordered tubules of similar dimensions to those making up the original PLB lattice. Their scattering patterns suggest that they are approximately 26 nm in diameter with a central lumen about 16 nm in diameter. The tubules formed at pH 6.5 are appreciably narrower, probably reflecting changes in the pattern of ionisation of charged groups at the membrane surface. Absorption spectra of PLB in media containing different concentrations of salts indicated that the structural and spectral changes are related. NADPH, have a significant role in the protection of POR-PChfide(650) but to have only a relatively small effect on the preservation of PLB organisation indicating that the retention of POR-PChlide(650) in isolated PLB preparations is a poor guide to their structural integrity.
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- Stewart Williams, Jenny A, et al.
(författare)
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Using pilot studies to inform health services
- 2005
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Ingår i: Australian health review : a publication of the Australian Hospital Association. - : The Australian Healthcare & Hospitals Association. - 0156-5788. ; 29:4, s. 478-481
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A pilot study was conducted at the John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, Australia in 1998-99 to inform a randomised controlled trial (RCT) for a cardiac rehabilitation intervention for patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). Although the RCT did not proceed, the pilot study results raised a number of issues. In this paper, the pilot is used to demonstrate how estimates of population benefit need to take into account patient eligibility, consent and adherence, and also how non-clinical data can inform the planning and development of health service interventions.
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