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Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Winograd N.) srt2:(2008-2009)"

Sökning: WFRF:(Winograd N.) > (2008-2009)

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1.
  • Ding, J., et al. (författare)
  • Inhibition of HMGCoA Reductase Reveals An Unexpected Role for Cholesterol During PGC Migration in the Mouse.
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: BMC developmental biology. - 1471-213X. ; 8:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are the embryonic precursors of the sperm and eggs. Environmental or genetic defects that alter PGC development can impair fertility or cause formation of germ cell tumors. RESULTS: We demonstrate a novel role for cholesterol during germ cell migration in mice. Cholesterol was measured in living tissue dissected from mouse embryos and was found to accumulate within the developing gonads as germ cells migrate to colonize these structures. Cholesterol synthesis was blocked in culture by inhibiting the activity of HMG CoA reductase (HMGCR) resulting in germ cell survival and migration defects. These defects were rescued by co-addition of isoprenoids and cholesterol, but neither compound alone was sufficient. In contrast, loss of the last or penultimate enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis did not alter PGC numbers or position in vivo. However embryos that lack these enzymes do not exhibit cholesterol defects at the stage at which PGCs are migrating. This demonstrates that during gestation, the cholesterol required for PGC migration can be supplied maternally. CONCLUSIONS: In the mouse, cholesterol is required for PGC survival and motility. It may act cell-autonomously by regulating clustering of growth factor receptors within PGCs or non cell-autonomously by controlling release of growth factors required for PGC guidance and survival.
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2.
  • Wittenberg, N J, et al. (författare)
  • Short-Chain Alcohols Promote Accelerated Membrane Distention in a Dynamic Liposome Model of Exocytosis
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 24:6, s. 2637-2642
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We have used amperometric measurements in a model system consisting of two liposomes connected with a membrane nanotube to monitor catechol release during artificial exocytosis and thereby to elucidate the effect of small-chain alcohols on this dynamic membrane process. To determine the rate of membrane shape change, catechol release during membrane distention was monitored amperometrically, and the presence of alcohols in the buffer was shown to accelerate the membrane distention process in a concentration-dependent manner. Compression isotherms for the same lipid composition in the absence and presence of ethanol and 1-propanol were measured to determine how these short-chain alcohols affect the lipid packing in monolayers. The isotherms show a marked decrease in lipid packing density that is dependent on the particular alcohol and its concentration. Comparison of the electrochemical and isotherm results suggests a correlation between decreasing lipid packing density and increasing rates of membrane shape change.
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