| 1. |
- Ek, Adam, 1990-, et al.
(författare)
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Distinguishing Narration and Speech in Prose Fiction Dialogues
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Digital Humanities in the Nordic Countries 4th Conference. - : CEUR-WS.org. ; , s. 124-132
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a supervised method for a novel task, namely, detecting elements of narration in passages of dialogue in prose fiction. The method achieves an F1-score of 80.8%, exceeding the best baseline by almost 33 percentage points. The purpose of the method is to enable a more fine-grained analysis of fictional dialogue than has previously been possible, and to provide a component for the further analysis of narrative structure in general.
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| 2. |
- Volodina, Elena, et al.
(författare)
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Annotation of learner corpora : first SweLL insights
- 2018
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Ingår i: Abstracts of SLTC 2018. - Stockholm : Department of Computer and Systems Sciences and the Department of Linguistics at Stockholm University. ; , s. 86-89
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
- Volodina, Elena, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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The SweLL Language Learner Corpus: From Design to Annotation
- 2019
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Ingår i: Northern European Journal of Language Technology. - : Linkoping University Electronic Press. - 2000-1533. ; 6, s. 67-104
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article presents a new language learner corpus for Swedish, SweLL, and the methodology from collection and pesudonymisation to protect personal information of learners to annotation adapted to second language learning. The main aim is to deliver a well-annotated corpus of essays written by second language learners of Swedish and make it available for research through a browsable environment. To that end, a new annotation tool and a new project management tool have been implemented, – both with the main purpose to ensure reliability and quality of the final corpus. In the article we discuss reasoning behind metadata selection, principles of gold corpus compilation and argue for separation of normalization from correction annotation.
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| 4. |
- Wirén, Mats, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Annotation Guideline No. 7 : Guidelines for annotation of narrative structure
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Cultural Analytics. - : CA: Journal of Cultural Analytics. - 2371-4549. ; 4:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Analysis of narrative structure can be said to answer the question “Who tells what, and how?”. The first part of the question thus concerns aspects such as who is narrating, whether it is a character in the story or not, and if it is a first-person or third-person narrator. The second part is related to the story and its basic elements: characters and events, and how the sequence of events forms a plot. The third part concerns how the narrative text is constructed: ordering of the events, the perspective from which the story is seen, how much information the narrator has access to, etc.
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| 5. |
- Wirén, Mats, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Longitudinal Studies of Variation Sets in Child-directed Speech
- 2016
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Ingår i: The 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics. - Stroudsburg, PA, USA : Association for Computational Linguistics. - 9781945626074 ; , s. 44-52
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of the characteristics of child-directed speech is its high degree of repetitiousness. Sequences of repetitious utterances with a constant intention, variation sets, have been shown to be correlated with children’s language acquisition. To obtain a baseline for the occurrences of variation sets in Swedish, we annotate 18 parent–child dyads using a generalised definition according to which the varying form may pertain not just to the wording but also to prosody and/or non-verbal cues. To facilitate further empirical investigation, we introduce a surface algorithm for automatic extraction of variation sets which is easily replicable and language-independent. We evaluate the algorithm on the Swedish gold standard, and use it for extracting variation sets in Croatian, English and Russian. We show that the proportion of variation sets in child-directed speech decreases consistently as a function of children's age across Swedish, Croatian, English and Russian.
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| 6. |
- Wirén, Mats, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Modelling the Informativeness of Non-Verbal Cues in Parent–Child Interaction
- 2017
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Interspeech 2017. - : The International Speech Communication Association (ISCA). - 9781510848764 ; , s. 2203-2207
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Non-verbal cues from speakers, such as eye gaze and hand positions, play an important role in word learning. This is consistent with the notion that for meaning to be reconstructed, acoustic patterns need to be linked to time-synchronous patterns from at least one other modality. In previous studies of a multimodally annotated corpus of parent–child interaction, we have shown that parents interacting with infants at the early word-learning stage (7–9 months) display a large amount of time-synchronous patterns, but that this behaviour tails off with increasing age of the children. Furthermore, we have attempted to quantify the informativeness of the different nonverbal cues, that is, to what extent they actually help to discriminate between different possible referents, and how critical the timing of the cues is. The purpose of this paper is to generalise our earlier model by quantifying informativeness resulting from non-verbal cues occurring both before and after their associated verbal references.
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| 7. |
- Wirén, Mats, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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SVALA: Annotation of Second-Language Learner Text Based on Mostly Automatic Alignment of Parallel Corpora
- 2019
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Ingår i: Selected papers from the CLARIN Annual Conference 2018, Pisa, 8-10 October 2018. - Linköping : Linköping University Electronic Press. - 9789176850343 ; , s. 222-234
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Annotation of second-language learner text is a cumbersome manual task which in turn requires interpretation to postulate the intended meaning of the learner’s language. This paper describes SVALA, a tool which separates the logical steps in this process while providing rich visual support for each of them. The first step is to pseudonymize the learner text to fulfil the legal and ethical requirements for a distributable learner corpus. The second step is to correct the text, which is carried out in the simplest possible way by text editing. During the editing, SVALA automatically maintains a parallel corpus with alignments between words in the learner source text and corrected text, while the annotator may repair inconsistent word alignments. Finally, the actual labelling of the corrections (the postulated errors) is performed. We describe the objectives, design and workflow of SVALA, and our plans for further development.
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| 8. |
- Östling, Robert, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Universal Dependencies for Swedish Sign Language
- 2017
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 21st Nordic Conference on Computational Linguistics, NoDaLiDa. - Linköping : Linköping University Electronic Press. ; , s. 303-308
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe the first effort to annotate a signed language with syntactic dependency structure: the Swedish Sign Language portion of the Universal Dependencies treebanks. The visual modality presents some unique challenges in analysis and annotation, such as the possibility of both hands articulating separate signs simultaneously, which has implications for the concept of projectivity in dependency grammars. Our data is sourced from the Swedish Sign Language Corpus, and if used in conjunction these resources contain very richly annotated data: dependency structure and parts of speech, video recordings, signer metadata, and since the whole material is also translated into Swedish the corpus is also a parallel text.
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