| 1. |
- Rajaei, Hossein, et al.
(författare)
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Catalogue of the lepidoptera of Iran
- 2023
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Ingår i: Integrative Systematics. - : Stuttgart State Museum of Natural History. - 2628-2380. ; 6:SP1, s. 121-459
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Hennige, Sebastian J., et al.
(författare)
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Crumbling Reefs and Cold-Water Coral Habitat Loss in a Future Ocean : Evidence of "Coralporosis" as an Indicator of Habitat Integrity
- 2020
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Marine Science. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-7745. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ocean acidification is a threat to the net growth of tropical and deep-sea coral reefs, due to gradual changes in the balance between reef growth and loss processes. Here we go beyond identification of coral dissolution induced by ocean acidification and identify a mechanism that will lead to a loss of habitat in cold-water coral reef habitats on an ecosystem-scale. To quantify this, we present in situ and year-long laboratory evidence detailing the type of habitat shift that can be expected (in situ evidence), the mechanisms underlying this (in situ and laboratory evidence), and the timescale within which the process begins (laboratory evidence). Through application of engineering principals, we detail how increased porosity in structurally critical sections of coral framework will lead to crumbling of load-bearing material, and a potential collapse and loss of complexity of the larger habitat. Importantly, in situ evidence highlights that cold-water corals can survive beneath the aragonite saturation horizon, but in a fundamentally different way to what is currently considered a biogenic cold-water coral reef, with a loss of the majority of reef habitat. The shift from a habitat with high 3-dimensional complexity provided by both live and dead coral framework, to a habitat restricted primarily to live coral colonies with lower 3-dimensional complexity represents the main threat to cold-water coral reefs of the future and the biodiversity they support. Ocean acidification can cause ecosystem-scale habitat loss for the majority of cold-water coral reefs.
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| 3. |
- Torrens, J., et al.
(författare)
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Advancing urban transitions and transformations research
- 2021
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Ingår i: Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions. - : Elsevier. - 2210-4224. ; 41, s. 102-105
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Urban transitions and transformations research fosters a dialogue between sustainability transitions theory an inter- and transdisciplinary research on urban change. As a field, urban transitions and transformations research encompasses plural analytical and conceptual perspectives. In doing so, this field opens up sustainability transitions research to new communities of practice in urban environments, including mayors, transnational municipal networks, and international organizations.
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| 4. |
- Bak-Coleman, Joseph B., et al.
(författare)
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Stewardship of global collective behavior
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 118:27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Collective behavior provides a framework for understanding how the actions and properties of groups emerge from the way individuals generate and share information. In humans, information flows were initially shaped by natural selection yet are increasingly structured by emerging communication technologies. Our larger, more complex social networks now transfer high-fidelity information over vast distances at low cost. The digital age and the rise of social media have accelerated changes to our social systems, with poorly understood functional consequences. This gap in our knowledge represents a principal challenge to scientific progress, democracy, and actions to address global crises. We argue that the study of collective behavior must rise to a crisis discipline just as medicine, conservation, and climate science have, with a focus on providing actionable insight to policymakers and regulators for the stewardship of social systems.
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| 5. |
- D'Souza, Melroy A., et al.
(författare)
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Hepatopancreatoduodenectomy –a controversial treatment for bile duct and gallbladder cancer from a European perspective
- 2020
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Ingår i: HPB. - : Elsevier BV. - 1365-182X. ; 22:9, s. 1339-1348
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Hepatopancreatoduodenectomy (HPD) is an aggressive operation for treatment of advanced bile duct and gallbladder cancer associated with high perioperative morbidity and mortality, and uncertain oncological benefit in terms of survival. Few reports on HPD from Western centers exist. The purpose of this study was to evaluate safety and efficacy for HPD in European centers. Method: Members of the European-African HepatoPancreatoBiliary Association were invited to report all consecutive patients operated with HPD for bile duct or gallbladder cancer between January 2003 and January 2018. The patient and tumor characteristics, perioperative and survival outcomes were analyzed. Results: In total, 66 patients from 19 European centers were included in the analysis. 90-day mortality rate was 17% and 13% for bile duct and gallbladder cancer respectively. All factors predictive of perioperative mortality were patient and disease-specific. The three-year overall survival excluding 90-day mortality was 80% for bile duct and 30% for gallbladder cancer (P = 0.013). In multivariable analysis R0-resection had a significant impact on overall survival. Conclusion: HPD, although being associated with substantial perioperative mortality, can offer a survival benefit in patient subgroups with bile duct cancer and gallbladder cancer. To achieve negative resection margins is paramount for an improved survival outcome.
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| 6. |
- Cardinaals, Renee P. M., et al.
(författare)
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Nutrient yields from global capture fisheries could be sustainably doubled through improved utilization and management
- 2023
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Ingår i: Communications Earth & Environment. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2662-4435. ; 4:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The global food system is facing the challenge of producing sufficient nutrients to accommodate future demands within planetary boundaries, while reducing malnutrition. Although nutrient-rich seafood can play a prominent role in resolving this challenge, seafood from capture fisheries is currently partly wasted. Here we quantified the nutrient contribution from capture fisheries through a hypothetical scenario that assumed all captured seafood and byproducts from seafood processing would be used for human consumption. Our simulations show that available seafood per capita can be doubled without increasing the pressure on global fisheries when all reported, illegal, and discarded capture is used as food, complemented with processing byproducts. In such a scenario, seafood contributes greatly to daily nutrient requirements – e.g., omega-3 can be fully met. Although uncertainty should be considered, these results indicate that putting the whole fish on the table can increase nutrient availability from capture fisheries substantially and sustainably.
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| 7. |
- Donges, Jonathan F., et al.
(författare)
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Earth system modeling with endogenous and dynamic human societies : the copan
- 2020
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Ingår i: Earth System Dynamics. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 2190-4979 .- 2190-4987. ; 11:2, s. 395-413
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Analysis of Earth system dynamics in the Anthropocene requires explicitly taking into account the increasing magnitude of processes operating in human societies, their cultures, economies and technosphere and their growing feedback entanglement with those in the physical, chemical and biological systems of the planet. However, current state-of-the-art Earth system models do not represent dynamic human societies and their feedback interactions with the biogeophysical Earth system and macroeconomic integrated assessment models typically do so only with limited scope. This paper (i) proposes design principles for constructing world-Earth models (WEMs) for Earth system analysis of the Anthropocene, i.e., models of social (world)-ecological (Earth) coevolution on up to planetary scales, and (ii) presents the copan:CORE open simulation modeling framework for developing, composing and analyzing such WEMs based on the proposed principles. The framework provides a modular structure to flexibly construct and study WEMs. These can contain biophysical (e.g., carbon cycle dynamics), socio-metabolic or economic (e.g., economic growth or energy system changes), and sociocultural processes (e.g., voting on climate policies or changing social norms) and their feedback interactions, and they are based on elementary entity types, e.g., grid cells and social systems. Thereby, copan:CORE enables the epistemic flexibility needed for contributions towards Earth system analysis of the Anthropocene given the large diversity of competing theories and methodologies used for describing socio-metabolic or economic and sociocultural processes in the Earth system by various fields and schools of thought. To illustrate the capabilities of the framework, we present an exemplary and highly stylized WEM implemented in copan:CORE that illustrates how endogenizing sociocultural processes and feedbacks such as voting on climate policies based on socially learned environmental awareness could fundamentally change macroscopic model outcomes.
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| 8. |
- Donges, Jonathan, et al.
(författare)
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Taxonomies for structuring models for World-Earth systems analysis of the Anthropocene : subsystems, their interactions and social-ecological feedback loops
- 2021
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Ingår i: Earth System Dynamics. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 2190-4979 .- 2190-4987. ; 12:4, s. 1115-1137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the Anthropocene, the social dynamics of human societies have become critical to understanding planetary-scale Earth system dynamics. The conceptual foundations of Earth system modelling have externalised social processes in ways that now hinder progress in understanding Earth resilience and informing governance of global environmental change. New approaches to global modelling of the human World are needed to address these challenges. The current modelling landscape is highly diverse and heterogeneous, ranging from purely biophysical Earth system models, to hybrid macro-economic integrated assessments models, to a plethora of models of socio-cultural dynamics. World-Earth models capable of simulating complex and entangled human-Earth system processes of the Anthropocene are currently not available. They will need to draw on and selectively integrate elements from the diverse range of fields and approaches; thus, future World-Earth modellers require a structured approach to identify, classify, select, combine and critique model components from multiple modelling traditions. Here, we develop taxonomies for ordering the multitude of societal and biophysical subsystems and their interactions. We suggest three taxa for modelled subsystems: (i) biophysical, where dynamics is usually represented by natural laws of physics, chemistry or ecology (i.e. the usual components of Earth system models); (ii) socio-cultural, dominated by processes of human behaviour, decision-making and collective social dynamics (e.g. politics, institutions, social networks and even science itself); and (iii) socio-metabolic, dealing with the material interactions of social and biophysical subsystems (e.g. human bodies, natural resources and agriculture). We show how higher-order taxonomies can be derived for classifying and describing the interactions between two or more subsystems. This then allows us to highlight the kinds of social-ecological feedback loops where new modelling efforts need to be directed. As an example, we apply the taxonomy to a stylised World-Earth system model that endogenises the socially transmitted choice of discount rates in a greenhouse gas emissions game to illustrate the effects of social-ecological feedback loops that are usually not considered in current modelling efforts. The proposed taxonomy can contribute to guiding the design and operational development of more comprehensive World-Earth models for understanding Earth resilience and charting sustainability transitions within planetary boundaries and other future trajectories in the Anthropocene.
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| 9. |
- Giefing, Maciej, et al.
(författare)
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Loss of function mutations of BCOR in classical Hodgkin lymphoma
- 2022
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Ingår i: Leukemia and Lymphoma. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1042-8194 .- 1029-2403. ; 63:5, s. 1080-1090
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BCOR is a component of a variant Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1.1). PRC1 and PRC2 complexes together constitute a major gene regulatory system critical for appropriate cellular differentiation. The gene is upregulated in germinal center (GC) B cells and mutated in a number of hematologic malignancies. We report BCOR inactivating alterations in 4/7 classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) cell lines, subclonal somatic mutations in Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells of 4/10 cHL cases, and deletions in HRS cells of 7/17 primary cHL cases. In mice, conditional loss of Bcor driven by AID-Cre in GC B cells resulted in gene expression changes of 46 genes (>2-fold) including upregulated Lef1 that encodes a transcription factor responsible for establishing T-cell identity and Il9r (interleukin-9 receptor), an important member of the cytokine network in cHL. Our findings suggest a role for BCOR loss in cHL pathogenesis and GC-B cell homeostasis.
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| 10. |
- Koltowska, Katarzyna, et al.
(författare)
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The RNA helicase Ddx21 controls Vegfc-driven developmental lymphangiogenesis by balancing endothelial cell ribosome biogenesis and p53 function
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Cell Biology. - : Springer Nature. - 1465-7392 .- 1476-4679. ; 23:11, s. 1136-1147
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hogan and colleagues report that the RNA helicase Ddx21 mediates Vegfc-stimulated lymphangiogenesis during zebrafish development through controlling rDNA transcription and ribosome biogenesis in endothelial cells. The development of a functional vasculature requires the coordinated control of cell fate, lineage differentiation and network growth. Cellular proliferation is spatiotemporally regulated in developing vessels, but how this is orchestrated in different lineages is unknown. Here, using a zebrafish genetic screen for lymphatic-deficient mutants, we uncover a mutant for the RNA helicase Ddx21. Ddx21 cell-autonomously regulates lymphatic vessel development. An established regulator of ribosomal RNA synthesis and ribosome biogenesis, Ddx21 is enriched in sprouting venous endothelial cells in response to Vegfc-Flt4 signalling. Ddx21 function is essential for Vegfc-Flt4-driven endothelial cell proliferation. In the absence of Ddx21, endothelial cells show reduced ribosome biogenesis, p53 and p21 upregulation and cell cycle arrest that blocks lymphangiogenesis. Thus, Ddx21 coordinates the lymphatic endothelial cell response to Vegfc-Flt4 signalling by balancing ribosome biogenesis and p53 function. This mechanism may be targetable in diseases of excessive lymphangiogenesis such as cancer metastasis or lymphatic malformation.
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