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| 2. |
- Klintman, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Academia and society in collaborative knowledge production towards urban sustainability : several schemes—three common crossroads
- 2022
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Ingår i: Environment, Development and Sustainability. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1387-585X .- 1573-2975.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Arrangements for collaboration in knowledge production across academia, government, non-governmental organisations, and corporations have several names, such as citizen-science, community-based participatory research, engaged research and hybrid forums. The multiplicity of schemes does not lie only in the high number of names for various versions of collaborative knowledge production. Different scholars also use concepts in multiple ways, depending on their individual choices, mother disciplines, and the problem area in which collaboration occurs. At the same time, there is a lack of analytical tools that address the full range of collaborative research schemes and provide a systematic set of questions to learn about the schemes, challenges, and opportunities. Based on our review of academic journal articles highlighting collaborative research schemes, this paper aims to analyse three parameters which it is fair to say that virtually all arrangements of collaborative knowledge production ought to consider when making decisions, parameters that are often partially missed or misunderstood: (A) epistemic-procedural, (B) exclusive-inclusive and (C) aggregative-integrative. By examining the three parameters, their political theory origins, and how they connect to and challenge existing schemes of knowledge collaboration, we provide analytical tools that could facilitate processes of developing and scrutinising arrangements of collaborative research.
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| 3. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2013
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Gottzén, Lucas, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Introduktion
- 2021. - 2
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Ingår i: Sociologins teoretiker. - Malmö : Gleerups Utbildning AB. - 9789151107325 ; , s. 15-24
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Krishnan, Rakesh, et al.
(författare)
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Human shoulder functional kinematics: Are we ready for the high-reliability computational challenge?
- 2016
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this preview talk, I will present a short summary of our ongoing work related to human shoulder functional kinematics. Robot-assisted rehabilitation needs functional understanding of human kinematics in design, operation and evaluation of this technology. Human shoulder is an important functional joint that enables fine motor skills for human upper arm manipulation. Due to several mathematical and practical challenges, the shoulder kinematics is often oversimplified. Moreover, there is a lack of agreement among different research communities on the suitable kinematic representation when connecting humans to robots. Currently, it is expected that this computational structure used in such applications have high-reliability. Therefore, we pose the question: Are we ready for the high-reliability computational challenge?
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| 7. |
- Krishnan, Rakesh, et al.
(författare)
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SHAPE Algorithm for Approximate Computation of Angular Velocities in Humeral Motion
- 2017
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Ingår i: 2017 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC). - : IEEE. - 9781509035960 ; , s. 714-718
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Estimating human motion is an area of emerging interest in instrumentation and measurement. Importantly, in such applications the physicality of the solution is paramount. Therefore, our paper proposes the SHAPE algorithm to estimate angular velocities of a moving segment from a cluster of passive markers used in a standard motion capture system known as stereophotogrammetry. We demonstrate the efficacy of our formulation with reference to the well known shape-matching algorithm in computer graphics. It is shown that our method is superior over the shape-matching algorithm.
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| 8. |
- Liao, Mingna, et al.
(författare)
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Solar Heating Modulated by Evaporative Cooling Provides Intermittent Temperature Gradients for Ionic Thermoelectric Supercapacitors
- 2024
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Ingår i: Advanced Functional Materials. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 1616-301X .- 1616-3028.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Solar heating is important for many applications but less attractive for concepts requiring intermittent heating, such as ionic thermoelectric supercapacitors (ITESCs). However, the heating process even at constant solar illumination can be converted to temperature oscillations through water infiltration and evaporation. Here, this process is demonstrated for a carbon nanotube-cellulose membrane and used to induce temporally varying temperature gradients across an ITESC, which enables continuous operation through repeated charge and discharge cycles. A temperature variation of 10 K can be generated on the top electrode, which leads to a variation in the temperature difference across the ITESC of 7.5 K. Precise control over charge and discharge durations can be achieved by adjusting the volume and interval of the added water. The concept of temporarily adjusting temperatures by evaporative cooling may be extended to create intermittent heating also for other heat sources that are typically constant. A vertical ionic thermoelectric supercapacitor (ITESC) is driven by intermittent temperature gradients as induced by constant solar heating and periodic evaporative cooling. As shown, a solar absorber provides temperature oscillations on the top electrodes through water infiltration and evaporation. This concept enables continuous operation of ITESCs through repeated charge and discharge cycles. image
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| 9. |
- Liao, Qinghua, et al.
(författare)
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A beta under stress : the effects of acidosis, Cu2+-binding, and oxidation on amyloid beta-peptide dimers
- 2018
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Ingår i: Chemical Communications. - : ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY. - 1359-7345 .- 1364-548X. ; 54, s. 7766-7769
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In light of the high affinity of Cu2+ for Alzheimer's A(1-42) and its ability to subsequently catalyze the formation of radicals, we examine the effects of Cu2+ binding, A oxidation, and an acidic environment on the conformational dynamics of the smallest A(1-42) oligomer, the A(1-42) dimer. Transition networks calculated from Hamiltonian replica exchange molecular dynamics (H-REMD) simulations reveal that the decreased pH considerably increased the -sheet content, whereas Cu2+ binding increased the exposed hydrophobic surface area, both of which can contribute to an increased oligomerization propensity and toxicity.
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| 10. |
- Hryha, Eduard, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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The Sintering Behaviour of Fe-Mn-C Powder System, Correlation between Thermodynamics and Sintering Process, Manganese Distribution and Microstructure Composition, Effect of Alloying Mode
- 2011
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Ingår i: Application of Thermodynamics to Biological and Materials Science, Book edited by: Mizutani Tadashi. - 9789533079806 ; , s. 573-602
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Among steel-making techniques Powder Metallurgy (PM) concept utilizes unique production cycle, consisting of powder compaction and sintering steps that give high productivity with low energy consumption and high material utilization. Due to the presence of residual porosity, mechanical properties of PM components are inferior in comparison with structural components produced by other technologies. Improvement of mechanical properties at the same level of porosity can be achieved primarily by adding variety of alloying elements. Therefore modern PM technology for production of high-performance PM parts for highly stressed steel components for automotive industry, for example, rely on techniques of utilization of different alloying elements additionally to adjustment of technological process depending on alloying system used. When talking about high-strength low-alloyed structural steels, the most common alloying elements, additionally to carbon, added in order to increase mechanical performance, are chromium, manganese, silicon and some other strong carbide and carbonitride-forming elements (V, Nb, Ti etc.). In comparison with classical steelmaking practice, alloying of PM steels is much more complicated as additionally to influence of alloying elements type and content on microstructure, mechanical properties, hardenability etc., number of additional aspects influencing powder production and further component processing has to be considered. Traditionally, PM high-strength steels are alloyed with Cu, Ni, and Mo. This results in a considerable difference in price of material between conventional and PM steels, used for the same high-load application, as the price of currently employed PM alloying elements like Mo and Ni is dozens of times higher in comparison with that of Cr or Mn. This situation creates a strong economical stimulation to introduce cheaper and more efficient alloying elements to improve the competitiveness of PM structural parts.So, why the potential of most common for conventional metallurgy alloying elements as Cr, Mn and Si is not utilized in PM? First and basic question that arise is how to introduce these elements in PM – as admixed elemental powder (or master-alloy) or by prealloying of the base steel powder. Chromium prealloyed steels are already successful introduced on the PM market. However due to peculiar properties of manganese (oxygen affinity, high vapour pressure, ferrite strengthening etc.) attempts to develop Mn sintered steels are still ongoing. Issue of appropriate alloying mode, that is the starting point of manganese introduction in PM, is the basic question that has to be answered at the beginning and is the basic topic of this chapter. The easiest way to introduce manganese is by admixing of ferromanganese powder that is cheap and widely available on the market in different grades. This approach was firstly proposes around 30 years ago and have been scrutinized thoroughly from different perspectives (Šalak, 1980; Cias et al., 1999; Šalak et al., 2001; Dudrova et al., 2004; Danninger et al., 2005; Cias&Wronski, 2008, Hryha, 2007). The first thing that has to be considered when dealing with admixed with manganese systems is high affinity of manganese to oxygen, implying possibility of considerable oxidation during component processing due to high activity of manganese in admixed elemental powder. However, the possibility of sintering of admixed with manganese powders was assumed due to so-called ‘‘self-cleaning’’ effect, discovered by Šalak (Šalak, 1980). This effect utilizes unique property of manganese to sublimate at relatively low temperature and created during heating stage manganese vapour protect specimen from further oxidation. Another advantage of admixed manganese systems is manganese homogenization in Fe–Mn powder compacts involving Mn-gaseous phase during the heating stage. Second assumption deals with alloying by different master-alloys that firstly allowed a successful introduction of high oxygen affinity elements in PM industrial production (Zapf et al., 1975; Schlieper & Thummler, 1979; Hoffmann & Dalal, 1979). First developed master-alloys containing manganese–chromium–molybdenum (MCM) and manganese–vanadium–molybdenum (MVM) had a wide range of mechanical properties depending on alloying content, sintered density and processing conditions. Nevertheless, these master-alloys faced with many problems during application (oxides formation during manufacturing process, high hardness of the particles that lead to intensive wear of compacting tools etc.) and fully disappears from manufacturing and research areas. Recent development of Fe–Cr–Mn–Mo–C master-alloys was much more successful and show promising properties for their future industrial utilization (Beiss, 2006; Sainz et al., 2006). High affinity of manganese for oxygen and Mn loss by sublimation can be minimized by lowering the manganese activity than can be done by Mn introduction in pre-alloyed state. However powder alloying by manganese faces some difficulties starting from powder production, handling and following compaction and sintering steps. This is connected with manganese selective oxidation on the powder surface during atomization and further annealing depending on processing conditions during powder production(Hryha et al., 2009-b; Hryha et al., 2010-a). A further negative impact of manganese utilization in pre-alloyed state is the expected lower compressibility of such pre-alloyed powders due to ferrite solid solution strengthening by manganese. This chapter is focused on the influence of alloying mode, utilizing premix systems with different ferromanganese grades and high-purity electrolytic manganese as well as fully prealloying of water atomized powder. While respecting all the benefits and problems with sintered steels alloyed with manganese some basic directions have been chosen — theoretical evaluations of required sintering atmosphere composition for preventing of manganese alloyed steels from oxidation during every stage of sintering, analyzes of sintering cycle coupling with simultaneous atmosphere monitoring and further analysis of sintered specimens using number of advanced spectroscopy and thermoanalytic techniques. Various phenomena, connected with manganese evaporation and reduction/oxidation behaviour of manganese alloyed sintered steels were theoretically evaluated and tested experimentally applying interrupted sintering experiments, when specimens where sampled at different stages of the sintering cycle for extensive study by HR SEM+EDX, XPS, TG+MS etc. Thermodynamic calculations enabled to determine a required sintering atmosphere composition (maximal permitted partial pressures of active gases CO/CO2/H2O) for preventing of Mn alloyed steels prepared by different alloying mode from oxidation during every stage of sintering. The results were verified by continual monitoring of CO/CO2/H2O profiles in sintering atmosphere and further analysis of sintered specimens.
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