| 1. |
- Kanoni, Stavroula, et al.
(författare)
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Implicating genes, pleiotropy, and sexual dimorphism at blood lipid loci through multi-ancestry meta-analysis.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Genome biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1474-760X .- 1465-6906 .- 1474-7596. ; 23:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genetic variants within nearly 1000 loci are known to contribute to modulation of blood lipid levels. However, the biological pathways underlying these associations are frequently unknown, limiting understanding of these findings and hindering downstream translational efforts such as drug target discovery.To expand our understanding of the underlying biological pathways and mechanisms controlling blood lipid levels, we leverage a large multi-ancestry meta-analysis (N=1,654,960) of blood lipids to prioritize putative causal genes for 2286 lipid associations using six gene prediction approaches. Using phenome-wide association (PheWAS) scans, we identify relationships of genetically predicted lipid levels to other diseases and conditions. We confirm known pleiotropic associations with cardiovascular phenotypes and determine novel associations, notably with cholelithiasis risk. We perform sex-stratified GWAS meta-analysis of lipid levels and show that 3-5% of autosomal lipid-associated loci demonstrate sex-biased effects. Finally, we report 21 novel lipid loci identified on the X chromosome. Many of the sex-biased autosomal and X chromosome lipid loci show pleiotropic associations with sex hormones, emphasizing the role of hormone regulation in lipid metabolism.Taken together, our findings provide insights into the biological mechanisms through which associated variants lead to altered lipid levels and potentially cardiovascular disease risk.
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| 2. |
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| 4. |
- Ramdas, S., et al.
(författare)
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A multi-layer functional genomic analysis to understand noncoding genetic variation in lipids
- 2022
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Ingår i: American Journal of Human Genetics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9297 .- 1537-6605. ; 109:8, s. 1366-1387
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A major challenge of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) is to translate phenotypic associations into biological insights. Here, we integrate a large GWAS on blood lipids involving 1.6 million individuals from five ancestries with a wide array of functional genomic datasets to discover regulatory mechanisms underlying lipid associations. We first prioritize lipid-associated genes with expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) colocalizations and then add chromatin interaction data to narrow the search for functional genes. Polygenic enrichment analysis across 697 annotations from a host of tissues and cell types confirms the central role of the liver in lipid levels and highlights the selective enrichment of adipose-specific chromatin marks in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides. Overlapping transcription factor (TF) binding sites with lipid-associated loci identifies TFs relevant in lipid biology. In addition, we present an integrative framework to prioritize causal variants at GWAS loci, producing a comprehensive list of candidate causal genes and variants with multiple layers of functional evidence. We highlight two of the prioritized genes, CREBRF and RRBP1, which show convergent evidence across functional datasets supporting their roles in lipid biology.
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| 6. |
- Hu, Xiangzhao, et al.
(författare)
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Boosting Industrial-Level CO2 Electroreduction of N-Doped Carbon Nanofibers with Confined Tin-Nitrogen Active Sites via Accelerating Proton Transport Kinetics
- 2023
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Ingår i: Advanced Functional Materials. - : John Wiley and Sons Inc. - 1616-301X .- 1616-3028. ; 33:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of highly efficient robust electrocatalysts with low overpotential and industrial-level current density is of great significance for CO2 electroreduction (CO2ER), however the low proton transport rate during the CO2ER remains a challenge. Herein, a porous N-doped carbon nanofiber confined with tin-nitrogen sites (Sn/NCNFs) catalyst is developed, which is prepared through an integrated electrospinning and pyrolysis strategy. The optimized Sn/NCNFs catalyst exhibits an outstanding CO2ER activity with the maximum CO FE of 96.5%, low onset potential of −0.3 V, and small Tafel slope of 68.8 mV dec−1. In a flow cell, an industrial-level CO partial current density of 100.6 mA cm−2 is achieved. In situ spectroscopic analysis unveil the isolated Sn-N site acted as active center for accelerating water dissociation and subsequent proton transport process, thus promoting the formation of intermediate *COOH in the rate-determining step for CO2ER. Theoretical calculations validate pyrrolic N atom adjacent to the Sn-N active species assisted reducing the energy barrier for *COOH formation, thus boosting the CO2ER kinetics. A Zn-CO2 battery is designed with the cathode of Sn/NCNFs, which delivers a maximum power density of 1.38 mW cm−2 and long-term stability.
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| 7. |
- Darabi, Sozan, 1994, et al.
(författare)
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Polymer-Based n-Type Yarn for Organic Thermoelectric Textiles
- 2023
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Ingår i: Advanced Electronic Materials. - : Wiley. - 2199-160X .- 2199-160X. ; 9:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A conjugated-polymer-based n-type yarn for thermoelectric textiles is presented. Thermoelectric textile devices are intriguing power sources for wearable electronic devices. The use of yarns comprising conjugated polymers is desirable because of their potentially superior mechanical properties compared to other thermoelectric materials. While several examples of p-type conducting yarns exist, there is a lack of polymer-based n-type yarns. Here, a regenerated cellulose yarn is spray-coated with an n-type conducting-polymer-based ink composed of poly(benzimidazobenzophenanthroline) (BBL) and poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI). The n-type yarns display a bulk electrical conductivity of 8 × 10−3 S cm−1 and Seebeck coefficient of −79 µV K−1. A promising level of air-stability for at least 13 days can be achieved by applying an additional thermoplastic elastomer coating. A prototype in-plane thermoelectric textile, produced with the developed n-type yarns and p-type yarns, composed of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)-coated regenerated cellulose, displays a stable device performance in air for at least 4 days with an open-circuit voltage per temperature difference of 1 mV °C−1. Evidently, polymer-based n-type yarns are a viable component for the construction of thermoelectric textile devices.
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| 8. |
- Lu, R.S., et al.
(författare)
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A ring-like accretion structure in M87 connecting its black hole and jet
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 616:7958, s. 686-690
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The nearby radio galaxy M87 is a prime target for studying black hole accretion and jet formation1,2. Event Horizon Telescope observations of M87 in 2017, at a wavelength of 1.3 mm, revealed a ring-like structure, which was interpreted as gravitationally lensed emission around a central black hole3. Here we report images of M87 obtained in 2018, at a wavelength of 3.5 mm, showing that the compact radio core is spatially resolved. High-resolution imaging shows a ring-like structure of [Formula: see text] Schwarzschild radii in diameter, approximately 50% larger than that seen at 1.3 mm. The outer edge at 3.5 mm is also larger than that at 1.3 mm. This larger and thicker ring indicates a substantial contribution from the accretion flow with absorption effects, in addition to the gravitationally lensed ring-like emission. The images show that the edge-brightened jet connects to the accretion flow of the black hole. Close to the black hole, the emission profile of the jet-launching region is wider than the expected profile of a black-hole-driven jet, suggesting the possible presence of a wind associated with the accretion flow.
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| 9. |
- Jiang, K., et al.
(författare)
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Interfacial Approach toward Benzene-Bridged Polypyrrole Film–Based Micro-Supercapacitors with Ultrahigh Volumetric Power Density
- 2020
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Ingår i: Advanced Functional Materials. - : Wiley. - 1616-301X .- 1616-3028. ; 30:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 2D soft nanomaterials are an emerging research field due to their versatile chemical structures, easily tunable properties, and broad application potential. In this study, a benzene‐bridged polypyrrole film with a large area, up to a few square centimeters, is synthesized through an interfacial polymerization approach. As‐prepared semiconductive films exhibit a bandgap of ≈2 eV and a carrier mobility of ≈1.5 cm2 V−1 s−1, inferred from time‐resolved terahertz spectroscopy. The samples are employed to fabricate in‐plane micro‐supercapacitors (MSCs) by laser scribing and exhibit an ultrahigh areal capacitance of 0.95 mF cm−2, using 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([EMIM][BF4]) as an electrolyte. Importantly, the maximum energy and power densities of the developed MSCs reach values up to 50.7 mWh cm−3 and 9.6 kW cm−3, respectively; the performance surpassing most of the 2D material‐based MSCs is reported to date.
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| 10. |
- Li, Quan, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnostic performance of CT-derived resting distal to aortic pressure ratio (resting Pd/Pa) vs. CT-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) in coronary lesion severity assessment
- 2021
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Ingår i: Annals of Translational Medicine. - : AME Publishing Company. - 2305-5839 .- 2305-5847. ; 9:17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Computed tomography-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) has emerged as a promising non-invasive substitute for fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurement. Normally, CT-FFR providing functional significance of coronary artery disease (CAD) by using a simplified total coronary resistance index (TCRI) model. Yet the error or discrepancy caused by this simplified model remains unclear. Methods: A total of 20 consecutive patients with suspected CAD who underwent CTA and invasive FFR measurement were retrospectively analyzed. CT-FFR and CT-(Pd/Pa)rest values derived from the coronary CTA images. The diagnostic performance of CT-FFR and CT-(Pd/Pa)rest were evaluated on a per-vessel level using C statistics with invasive FFR<0.80 as the reference standard. Results: Of the 25 vessels eventually analyzed, the prevalence of functionally significant CAD were 64%. The Youden index of the ROC curve indicated that the best cutoff value of invasive resting Pd/Pa was 0.945 for identifying functionally significant lesions. Sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value and accuracy were 85%, 91%, 92%, 83% and 88% for CT-(Pd/Pa)rest and 85%, 58% 69%, 78% and 72% for CT-FFR. Area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) to detect functionally significant stenoses of CT-(Pd/Pa)rest and CT-FFR were 0.87 and 0.90. Conclusions: In this study, the results suggest CT-derived resting Pd/Pa has a potential advantage over CT-FFR in triaging patients for revascularization.
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