| 1. |
- Darabi, Sozan, 1994, et al.
(författare)
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Polymer-Based n-Type Yarn for Organic Thermoelectric Textiles
- 2023
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Ingår i: Advanced Electronic Materials. - : Wiley. - 2199-160X .- 2199-160X. ; 9:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A conjugated-polymer-based n-type yarn for thermoelectric textiles is presented. Thermoelectric textile devices are intriguing power sources for wearable electronic devices. The use of yarns comprising conjugated polymers is desirable because of their potentially superior mechanical properties compared to other thermoelectric materials. While several examples of p-type conducting yarns exist, there is a lack of polymer-based n-type yarns. Here, a regenerated cellulose yarn is spray-coated with an n-type conducting-polymer-based ink composed of poly(benzimidazobenzophenanthroline) (BBL) and poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI). The n-type yarns display a bulk electrical conductivity of 8 × 10−3 S cm−1 and Seebeck coefficient of −79 µV K−1. A promising level of air-stability for at least 13 days can be achieved by applying an additional thermoplastic elastomer coating. A prototype in-plane thermoelectric textile, produced with the developed n-type yarns and p-type yarns, composed of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)-coated regenerated cellulose, displays a stable device performance in air for at least 4 days with an open-circuit voltage per temperature difference of 1 mV °C−1. Evidently, polymer-based n-type yarns are a viable component for the construction of thermoelectric textile devices.
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| 2. |
- De Leoz, M. L. A., et al.
(författare)
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NIST Interlaboratory Study on Glycosylation Analysis of Monoclonal Antibodies: Comparison of Results from Diverse Analytical Methods
- 2020
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Ingår i: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. - 1535-9476. ; 19:1, s. 11-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A broad-based interlaboratory study of glycosylation profiles of a reference and modified IgG antibody involving 103 reports from 76 laboratories. Glycosylation is a topic of intense current interest in the development of biopharmaceuticals because it is related to drug safety and efficacy. This work describes results of an interlaboratory study on the glycosylation of the Primary Sample (PS) of NISTmAb, a monoclonal antibody reference material. Seventy-six laboratories from industry, university, research, government, and hospital sectors in Europe, North America, Asia, and Australia submitted a total of 103 reports on glycan distributions. The principal objective of this study was to report and compare results for the full range of analytical methods presently used in the glycosylation analysis of mAbs. Therefore, participation was unrestricted, with laboratories choosing their own measurement techniques. Protein glycosylation was determined in various ways, including at the level of intact mAb, protein fragments, glycopeptides, or released glycans, using a wide variety of methods for derivatization, separation, identification, and quantification. Consequently, the diversity of results was enormous, with the number of glycan compositions identified by each laboratory ranging from 4 to 48. In total, one hundred sixteen glycan compositions were reported, of which 57 compositions could be assigned consensus abundance values. These consensus medians provide community-derived values for NISTmAb PS. Agreement with the consensus medians did not depend on the specific method or laboratory type. The study provides a view of the current state-of-the-art for biologic glycosylation measurement and suggests a clear need for harmonization of glycosylation analysis methods.
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| 3. |
- Ehlers, Todd A., et al.
(författare)
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Past, present, and future geo-biosphere interactions on the Tibetan Plateau and implications for permafrost
- 2022
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Ingår i: Earth-Science Reviews. - : Elsevier BV. - 0012-8252. ; 234
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interactions between the atmosphere, biosphere, cryosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere are most active in the critical zone, a region extending from the tops of trees to the top of unweathered bedrock. Changes in one or more of these spheres can result in a cascade of changes throughout the system in ways that are often poorly understood. Here we investigate how past and present climate change have impacted permafrost, hydrology, and ecosystems on the Tibetan Plateau. We do this by compiling existing climate, hydrologic, cryosphere, biosphere, and geologic studies documenting change over decadal to glacial-interglacial timescales and longer. Our emphasis is on showing present-day trends in environmental change and how plateau ecosystems have largely flourished under warmer and wetter periods in the geologic past. We identify two future pathways that could lead to either a favorable greening or unfavorable degradation and desiccation of plateau ecosystems. Both paths are plausible given the available evidence. We contend that the key to which pathway future generations experience lies in what, if any, human intervention measures are implemented. We conclude with suggested management strategies that can be implemented to facilitate a future greening of the Tibetan Plateau.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Fang, Xing, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of the superheating degree and cooling intensity on the as-cast microstructure of CP780 thin slab
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cast Metals Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1364-0461 .- 1743-1336. ; 36:1-3, s. 9-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper studied the effects of the superheating degree and cooling intensity on the solidification structure of CP 780 slab. The results indicated that the equiaxed crystal ratio decreases with the increase of superheating degree and the cooling intensity. When the superheating degree increases from 15 to 25°C, the equiaxed crystal ratio drops sharply. While the equiaxed crystal ratio decreases slightly with an increasing superheating degree from 25°C to 55°C. It is further revealed that the superheating degree has a greater effect on the equiaxed crystal ratio compared with the influence of cooling intensity. Quantitative analysed the relationship among the equiaxed crystal ratio, the superheating degree and cooling intensity is in line with the Extreme 2D model. The accuracy of the model performance can reach 97.6% when predicting the equiaxed crystal ratio of CSP-CP 780 during CSP process.
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| 6. |
- Ganesan, Anand, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Real-Time Mixed-Integer Energy Management Strategy for Multi-Motor Electric Vehicles
- 2023
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Ingår i: 2023 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo, ITEC 2023.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper11This work was supported by the Sweden's Innovation Agency (Vinnova) under Grant 2017-05506. presents a real-time capable energy management strategy for multi-motor electric vehicles, based on mixed-integer model predictive control (MI-MPC). In this strategy, torque allocation and clutch on-off are co-optimized to minimize both the energy consumption and the frequent changes in clutch engagement status. To be able to solve the mixed-integer (MI) problem in real time, we propose a bi-level programming approach in which the torque allocation subproblem is solved at the inner level using an explicit closed-form analytical solution, while the integer decisions are optimized at the outer level using implicit dynamic programming (i-DP). The simulation results show that the proposed strategy can achieve up to 11 % energy savings, depending on the load demand in a driving mission, compared to a rule-based controller typically used in production vehicles. In addition, the proposed approach is guaranteed to find the global optimum for the MI problem in each MPC update. With a mean time to solution of around 4.6 ms, the proposed strategy shows promising real-time capabilities for online implementation in multi -motor electric vehicles.
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| 7. |
- Guo, Han, et al.
(författare)
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Transition metal-catalysed molecular n-doping of organic semiconductors
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature. - London, United Kingdom : Nature Publishing Group. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 599:7883, s. 67-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electron doping of organic semiconductors is typically inefficient, but here a precursor molecular dopant is used to deliver higher n-doping efficiency in a much shorter doping time. Chemical doping is a key process for investigating charge transport in organic semiconductors and improving certain (opto)electronic devices(1-9). N(electron)-doping is fundamentally more challenging than p(hole)-doping and typically achieves a very low doping efficiency (eta) of less than 10%(1,10). An efficient molecular n-dopant should simultaneously exhibit a high reducing power and air stability for broad applicability(1,5,6,9,11), which is very challenging. Here we show a general concept of catalysed n-doping of organic semiconductors using air-stable precursor-type molecular dopants. Incorporation of a transition metal (for example, Pt, Au, Pd) as vapour-deposited nanoparticles or solution-processable organometallic complexes (for example, Pd-2(dba)(3)) catalyses the reaction, as assessed by experimental and theoretical evidence, enabling greatly increased eta in a much shorter doping time and high electrical conductivities (above 100 S cm(-1); ref. (12)). This methodology has technological implications for realizing improved semiconductor devices and offers a broad exploration space of ternary systems comprising catalysts, molecular dopants and semiconductors, thus opening new opportunities in n-doping research and applications(12, 13).
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| 8. |
- Kong, Depeng, et al.
(författare)
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Bioinspired Co-Design of Tactile Sensor and Deep Learning Algorithm for Human-Robot Interaction
- 2022
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Ingår i: ADVANCED INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS. - : Wiley. - 2640-4567. ; 4:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Robots equipped with bionic skins for enhancing the robot perception capability are increasingly deployed in wide applications ranging from healthcare to industry. Artificial intelligence algorithms that can provide bionic skins with efficient signal processing functions further accelerate the development of this trend. Inspired by the somatosensory processing hierarchy of humans, the bioinspired co-design of a tactile sensor and a deep learning-based algorithm is proposed herein, simplifying the sensor structure while providing computation-enhanced tactile sensing performance. The soft piezoresistive sensor, based on the carbon black-coated polyurethane sponge, offers a continuous sensing area. By utilizing a customized deep neural network (DNN), it can detect external tactile stimulus spatially continuously. Besides, a novel data augmentation method is developed based on the sensor's hexagonal structure that has a sixfold rotation symmetry. It can significantly enhance the generalization ability of the DNN model by enriching the collected training data with generated pseudo-data. The functionality of the sensor and the robustness of the proposed data augmentation strategy are verified by precisely recognizing five touch modalities, illustrating a well-generalized performance, and providing a promising application prospect in human-robot interaction.
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| 9. |
- Li, Cong, et al.
(författare)
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Emergence of Weyl fermions by ferrimagnetism in a noncentrosymmetric magnetic Weyl semimetal
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Condensed matter physics has often provided a platform for investigating the interplay between particles and fields in cases that have not been observed in high-energy physics. Here, using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we provide an example of this by visualizing the electronic structure of a noncentrosymmetric magnetic Weyl semimetal candidate NdAlSi in both the paramagnetic and ferrimagnetic states. We observe surface Fermi arcs and bulk Weyl fermion dispersion as well as the emergence of new Weyl fermions in the ferrimagnetic state. Our results establish NdAlSi as a magnetic Weyl semimetal and provide an experimental observation of ferrimagnetic regulation of Weyl fermions in condensed matter.
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| 10. |
- Lin, Changgui, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Summer afternoon precipitation associated with wind convergence near the Himalayan glacier fronts
- 2021
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-8095. ; 259
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Little is known about the effects of glacier-air interactions on the Himalayan glacier mass balance. Until this knowledge gap is filled, a reliable projection of the future changes in the Himalayan glaciers is hardly possible. Here, we describe the drying effect of the katabatic winds on the up-valley summer monsoon flows by creating favorable conditions for local convergence-induced precipitation to occur near the glacier fronts. We postulate that this retarding effect on the up-valley monsoon flows results in a negative feedback mechanism mediated by glacier-air interactions, in which glacial retreat pushes precipitation upwards as the down-valley katabatic winds weaken, resulting in greater local precipitation and enhanced snow accumulation across the upper parts of the Himalayan glaciers. Our analyses are based on the exclusive data recorded in the Khumbu valley and the Langtang valley in the Nepalese Himalayas. These data revealed higher afternoon precipitation in summer associated with surface wind convergence near the glacier fronts and a sharp decrease in the temperature lapse rate over the glacier surfaces. The principle of the observed phenomena was proven by our high-resolution modeling sensitive experiment, which involved two simulations, one with the present glaciers and the other without. This numerical experiment also supports the proposed negative feedback. Furthermore, we report a low deuterium excess near the glacier fronts, indicating below-cloud re-evaporation facilitated by the local convergence induced by the dry katabatic winds. Our study suggests that current models may overestimate the retreat of Himalayan glaciers because they have completely ignored the glacier-air interactions. © 2021 The Author(s)
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