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| 2. |
- Bittererova, M., et al.
(författare)
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A theoretical study of the azide (N-3) doublet states. A new route to tetraazatetrahedrane (N-4) : N+N-3 -> N-4
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 116:22, s. 9740-9748
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The potential energy surfaces for the low-lying doublet states of the azide radical (N-3) have been computed at the complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) level with the CAS(15,12) active space. The cc-pVTZ and aug-cc-pVTZ basis sets have been employed throughout the present work. Energies, geometries and harmonic frequencies were determined for the N-3 linear ground electronic state ((2)Pi(g)), a stable C-2v ring structure (B-2(1)), and a C-s transition state ((2)A(')) connecting the ring and linear structures. Other N-3 (C-2v) stationary points ((2)A(2), B-2(1), and (2)A(1)) have been characterized, as well. The vertical excitation energies for the doublet excited states of the N-3 linear ((2)Pi(g)) and stable ring (B-2(1)) isomers were calculated using CASSCF and multireference configuration interaction [MRCI-SD(Q)] methods. A new route to tetraazatetrahedrane [N-4(T-d)] has been proposed on the N-4 singlet potential energy surface within C-s symmetry. MRCI-SD(Q) calculations predict that N-4 (T-d) can be formed from atomic nitrogen in the D-2 state and N-3 (C-2v, B-2(1)) in a barrierless exothermic reaction. The energy difference (D-0) is 135.4 kcal/mol at the MRCI-SD(Q) level.
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| 3. |
- Chen, Wei Sheng, et al.
(författare)
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Galectin-3 inhibition by a small-molecule inhibitor reduces both pathological corneal neovascularization and fibrosis
- 2017
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Ingår i: Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science. - : Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO). - 0146-0404. ; 58:1, s. 9-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE. Corneal neovascularization and scarring commonly lead to significant vision loss. This study was designed to determine whether a small-molecule inhibitor of galectin-3 can inhibit both corneal angiogenesis and fibrosis in experimental mouse models. METHODS. Animal models of silver nitrate cautery and alkaline burn were used to induce mouse corneal angiogenesis and fibrosis, respectively. Corneas were treated with the galectin-3 inhibitor, 33DFTG, or vehicle alone and were processed for whole-mount immunofluorescence staining and Western blot analysis to quantify the density of blood vessels and markers of fibrosis. In addition, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and primary human corneal fibroblasts were used to analyze the role of galectin-3 in the process of angiogenesis and fibrosis in vitro. RESULTS. Robust angiogenesis was observed in silver nitrate-cauterized corneas on day 5 post injury, and markedly increased corneal opacification was demonstrated in alkaline burn-injured corneas on days 7 and 14 post injury. Treatment with the inhibitor substantially reduced corneal angiogenesis and opacification with a concomitant decrease in a-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression and distribution. In vitro studies revealed that 33DFTG inhibited VEGF-A-induced HUVEC migration and sprouting without cytotoxic effects. The addition of exogenous galectin-3 to corneal fibroblasts in culture induced the expression of fibrosis-related proteins, including α-SMA and connective tissue growth factor. CONCLUSIONS. Our data provide proof of concept that targeting galectin-3 by the novel, smallmolecule inhibitor, 33DFTG, ameliorates pathological corneal angiogenesis as well as fibrosis. These findings suggest a potential new therapeutic strategy for treating ocular disorders related to pathological angiogenesis and fibrosis.
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| 4. |
- Chen, Xiaomeng, et al.
(författare)
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Privacy-Preserving Push-Sum Average Consensus via State Decomposition
- 2023
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0018-9286 .- 1558-2523. ; 68:12, s. 7974-7981
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Average consensus is extensively used in distributed networks for computation and control, where all the agents constantly communicate with each other and update their states in order to reach an agreement. Under a general average consensus algorithm, information exchanged through wireless or wired communication networks could lead to the disclosure of sensitive and private information. In this article, we propose a privacy-preserving push-sum approach for directed networks that can protect the privacy of all agents while achieving average consensus simultaneously. Each node decomposes its initial state arbitrarily into two substates, and their average equals to the initial state, guaranteeing that the agent's state will converge to the accurate average consensus. Only one substate is exchanged by the node with its neighbors over time, and the other one is reserved. That is to say, only the exchanged substate would be visible to an adversary, preventing the initial state information from leakage. Different from the existing state-decomposition approach, which only applies to undirected graphs, our proposed approach is applicable to strongly connected digraphs. In addition, in direct contrast to offset-adding-based privacy-preserving push-sum algorithm, which is vulnerable to an external eavesdropper, our proposed approach can ensure privacy against both an honest-but-curious node and an external eavesdropper. A numerical simulation is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
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| 5. |
- Kasetty, Gopinath, et al.
(författare)
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Osteopontin protects against lung injury caused by extracellular histones
- 2019
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Ingår i: Mucosal Immunology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1933-0219 .- 1935-3456. ; 12:1, s. 39-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Extracellular histones are present in the airways because of cell death occurring during inflammation. They promote inflammation and cause tissue damage due to their cationic nature. The anionic phosphoglycoprotein osteopontin (OPN) is expressed at high levels during airway inflammation and has been ascribed both pro- and anti-inflammatory roles. In this study, it was hypothesized that OPN may neutralize the harmful activities of extracellular histones at the airway mucosal surface. In a model of histone-induced acute lung injury, OPN−/− mice showed increased inflammation and tissue injury, and succumbed within 24 h, whereas wild-type mice showed lower degrees of inflammation and no mortality. In lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury, wild-type mice showed less inflammation and tissue injury than OPN−/− mice. In bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from ARDS patients, high levels of OPN and also histone–OPN complexes were detected. In addition, OPN bound to histones with high affinity in vitro, resulting in less cytotoxicity and reduced formation of tissue-damaging neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). The interaction between OPN and histones was dependent on posttranslational modification of OPN, i.e., phosphorylation. The findings demonstrate a novel role for OPN, modulating the pro-inflammatory and cytotoxic properties of free histones.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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What Images Do
- 2019
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- When images look like something they do so because they are different from what they resemble. This difference is not sufficiently captured by the traditional theories of representation and mimesis, and yet it is the condition for any such theory. Various contemporary image theorists have pointed out that Plato already understood that images are not what they look like. Images have their own existence, which cannot be identified with a concept, but should be examined in terms of actions.This book comprises fifteen articles that investigate what images do, particularly in relation to the disciplines of architecture, design and visual arts. It claims that it is the differentiating power of images—their actions—which constitutes their capacity to look like something they are not, as well as create something that does not yet exist. What Images Do address the crucial role that images might play in producing and investigating what we have not yet seen or understood in and of reality.
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| 8. |
- Xia, Ling, et al.
(författare)
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Reduction of ubiquinone by lipoamide dehydrogenase : An antioxidant regenerating pathway
- 2001
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Ingår i: European Journal of Biochemistry. - : Wiley. - 0014-2956 .- 1432-1033. ; 268:5, s. 1486-1490
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lipoamide dehydrogenase belongs to a family of pyridine nucleotide disulfide oxidoreductases and is ubiquitous in aerobic organisms. This enzyme also reduces ubiquinone (the only endogenously synthesized lipid-soluble antioxidant) to ubiquinol, the form in which it functions as an antioxidant. The reduction of ubiquinone was linear with time and exhibited turnover numbers of 5 and 1.2 min-1 in the presence and absence of zinc, respectively. The reaction was stimulated by zinc and cadmium but not by the other divalent ions tested. The zinc/cadmium-dependent stimulation of the reaction increased rapidly and linearly up to a concentration of 0.1 mM and was even further increased at 0.5 mM. At pH 6, the activity was three times higher than at physiological pH. Alteration of the NADPH : NADP+ ratio revealed that the reaction is inhibited by higher concentrations of the oxidized cofactors. FAD reduced ubiquinone in a dose-dependent manner at a considerably lower rate, suggesting that the reduction of ubiquinone by lipoamide dehydrogenase involves the FAD moiety of the enzyme.
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| 9. |
- Xiong, Ruisheng, et al.
(författare)
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Furan- and Thiophene-Based Auxochromes Red-shift Chlorin Absorptions and Enable Oxidative Chlorin Polymerizations
- 2017
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Ingår i: Chemistry - A European Journal. - : Wiley. - 0947-6539 .- 1521-3765. ; 23:17, s. 4089-4095
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The de novo syntheses of chemically stable chlorins with five-membered heterocyclic (furane, thiophene, formylfurane and formylthiophene) substituents in selected meso- and beta-positions are reported. Heterocycle incorporation in the 3- and 13-positions shifted the chlorin absorption and emission to the red (up to lambdaem =680 nm), thus these readily incorporated substituents function analogously to auxochromes present in chlorophylls, for example, formyl and vinyl groups. Photophysical, theoretical and X-ray crystallographic experiments revealed small but significant differences between the behavior of the furan- and the thiophene-based auxochromes. Four regioisomeric bis-thienylchlorins (3,10; 3,13, 3,15 and 10,15) were oxidatively electropolymerized; the chlorin monomer geometry had a profound impact on the polymerization efficiency and the electrochemical properties of the resulting material. Chemical co-polymerization of 3,13-bis-thienylchlorin with 3-hexylthiophene yielded an organic-soluble red-emitting polymer.
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| 10. |
- Yanggratoke, Rerngvit, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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On the performance of the Spotify backend
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Network and Systems Management. - : Springer-Verlag New York. - 1064-7570 .- 1573-7705.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We model and evaluate the performance of a distributed key-value storage system that is part of the Spotify backend. Spotify is an on-demand music streaming service, offering low-latency access to a library of over 20 million tracks and serving over 20 million users currently. We first present a simplified model of the Spotify storage architecture, in order to make its analysis feasible. We then introduce an analytical model for the distribution of the response time, a key metric in the Spotify service. We parameterize and validate the model using measurements from two different testbed configurations and from the operational Spotify infrastructure. We find that the model is accurate---measurements are within 11% of predictions---within the range of normal load patterns.In addition, we model the capacity of the Spotify storage system under different object allocation policies and find that measurements on our testbed are within 9% of the model predictions. The model helps us justify the object allocation policy adopted for Spotify storage system.
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