| 1. |
- Yao, YH, et al.
(författare)
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Cognitive impairment and associated factors among the elderly in the Shanghai suburb: findings from a low-education population
- 2010
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Ingår i: Neuroepidemiology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1423-0208 .- 0251-5350. ; 34:4, s. 245-252
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <i>Objective:</i> Our purpose was to investigate the prevalence of cognitive impairment and associated factors among elderly people in the Shanghai suburb. <i>Methods:</i> A population-based survey was conducted for people aged 60 years and over in a community of 2 towns (Huaxin and Xujing) in Qingpu district, located in the western suburb of Shanghai. Face-to-face interviews were carried out to collect relevant information with prepared questionnaires. The Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination was used to screen subjects with cognitive impairment, and the criteria of cognitive impairment were adjusted for education level. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate factors putatively associated with cognitive impairment. <i>Results:</i> There were 2,809 subjects (1,010 men and 1,799 women) aged 60 years and over (mean: 70.6, SD: 6.6) included in the study, and 198 people (42 men and 156 women) had cognitive impairment, with a prevalence of 7.0% (95% CI: 6.1–7.9) for both genders, 4.2% (95% CI: 3.6–4.8) for men and 8.7% (95% CI: 8.0–9.4) for women among the elderly. The prevalence rates of cognitive impairment increased with age. Although a number of factors were found to be significantly associated with the risk of cognitive impairment from the univariate analysis, only age (OR: 2.245, 95% CI: 1.755–2.872) and preferring a nonsalty diet (OR: 0.647, 95% CI: 0.460–0.912) were left in the final model of multivariate logistic regression analysis. <i>Conclusion:</i> The prevalence of cognitive impairment among the elderly in the Shanghai suburb is relatively high, compared with that previously reported from other areas in China, but lower than that from western countries. Factors associated with cognitive impairment need to be further investigated in the future.
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| 2. |
- Alpedrinha, João, et al.
(författare)
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The virtues and limitations of exploring the eco-evolutionary dynamics of sexually selected traits
- 2019
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Ingår i: Oikos. - : Wiley. - 0030-1299 .- 1600-0706. ; 128:10, s. 1381-1389
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most studies on eco-evolutionary feedbacks concern the influence of abiotic factors, or predator-prey and host-parasite interactions, while studies involving sexual interactions are lagging behind. This is at odds with the potential of these interactions to engage in such processes. Indeed, there is now ample evidence that sexual selection is affected by ecological change and that sexually selected traits can evolve rapidly, which may modify the ecological context of populations, and thus the selection pressures they will be exposed to. Here we review evidence for such eco-evolutionary processes. We discuss examples of eco-evolutionary change in an attempt to understand the challenges related with identifying and characterizing such processes. In particular, we focus on the challenges associated with accurately identifying the components of the feedback as well as their causal relation. Finally, we evaluate scenarios where understanding eco-evolutionary feedbacks of sexual selection may help us appreciate the effects of sexual selection in shaping evolutionary processes.
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| 3. |
- Alpenberg, Jan, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Environmental orientation in Swedish local governments
- 2018
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 10:2, s. 1-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explores the environmental orientation in Swedish local governments. Environmental concerns over potential risk factors have become more important and popular among public organizations and environmental improvement efforts are made to create a sustainable ecosystem for the actors doing business, living and working in the area. Prior research indicates that public organizations have started to become more environmentally oriented in order to take on more responsibilities for reducing their own environmental impact as well as influencing the citizens and local businesses in the direction of a more sustainable way of living and working.Through a survey to Swedish local government we conclude that they are taking on a key role in developing a sustainable ecosystem through becoming more environmentally oriented. This includes developing a framework for setting environmental goals, identifying suitable environmental indicators and reporting to a wide range of stakeholders. A factor that is explaining the increasing environmental orientation in the public sector is the implementation of digitalized performance measurement systems. We find that the environmental performance measurements are used to motivate different internal and external stakeholders in the efforts to create a multi-actor ecosystem.
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| 4. |
- Anell, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Några av vårdens utmaningar
- 2010
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Ingår i: Vårdens utmaningar. - 9789186203580 ; , s. 7-41
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 5. |
- Arts, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Trace analysis of Erlang programs
- 2002. - 1
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper reports on an experiment to provide the Erlang programming language with a tool package for convenient trace generation, collection and to support analysis of traces using a set of techniques. Due to the frequent use of state-based software design patterns in Erlang programming we can in many cases recover not only the events from a trace log, but also the program states causing these events. This makes it possible to obtain program models from execution traces. In our work we make use of these program models for program visualization and model checking.
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| 6. |
- Carlsson, Jesper, 1976-
(författare)
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Inverse reconstruction from optimal input data
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report concerns the problem to find optimal input data for an inverse reconstruction problem. In a classical parameter reconstruction problem the goal is to determine a spacially distributed (and optionally time dependent) coefficient of a partial differential equation from observed data. Here, the spacially dependent wave speed coefficient of the acoustic wave equation is sought, given observations of the solution on the boundary. The reconstruction of the coefficient is highly dependent on input data, e.g. if Neumann boundary values serve as input data it is in general not possible to determine the coefficient for all possible input data. It is shown that it is possible to formulate meaningful optimality criteria for the input data that enhances quality of the reconstructed coefficient. Both the problem of estimating the coefficient and the problem of finding optimal input data are ill-posed inverse problems and need to be regularized.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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ETN:TÅG
- 2019
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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