| 1. |
- Badou, Sylvestre A., et al.
(författare)
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Paxilloboletus gen. nov., a new lamellate bolete genus from tropical Africa
- 2022
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Ingår i: Mycological progress. - : Springer Nature. - 1617-416X .- 1861-8952. ; 21:1, s. 243-256
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study presents Paxilloboletus gen. nov., a new lamellate bolete genus represented by two tropical African species, Paxilloboletus africanus sp. nov. and Paxilloboletus latisporus sp. nov. Although the new taxa strongly resemble Paxillus (Paxillaceae), they lack clamp connections and form a separate generic clade within the Boletaceae phylogeny. The new species are lookalikes, morphologically only separable by their spore morphology. Descriptions and illustrations of the new genus and new species are given, as well as comments on ecology, distribution, and morphological differences with other gilled Boletaceae.
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| 2. |
- Codjia, Jean Evans, I, et al.
(författare)
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Amanita sect. Phalloideae : two interesting non-lethal species from West Africa
- 2022
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Ingår i: Mycological progress. - : Springer Nature. - 1617-416X .- 1861-8952. ; 21:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The members of Amanita sect. Phalloideae (Fr.) Quel. are responsible for many fatalities worldwide. However, some species in this section have previously been reported as non-lethal and lacking deadly toxins. Sequences of five genes (ITS, nrLSU, RPB2, TEF1-alpha, TUB2) of species belonging to the section from tropical Africa, America, Asia, Australia, and Europe were included in this study to elucidate the phylogenetic relationships among the species. The results indicated that the lethal species are in one clade (subclade I) while the non-lethal species are divided into two clades (subclades II and III) within the section. Moreover, two non-lethal species from tropical Africa, namely A. ballerinoides and A. bulbulosa are newly described based on both morphology and molecular approaches. Phylogenetically, they cluster in the same subclade III with other known non-lethal amanitas, including A. ballerina, A. chuformis, A. franzii, A. levistriata, and A. pseudogemmata. Neither amatoxins nor phallotoxins were detected in A. ballerinoides and A. bulbulosa by LC-HRMS, which agrees with their placement in the non-lethal subclade III within A. sect. Phalloideae. Finally, a key to the West African species of Amanita sect. Phalloideae is provided.
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| 3. |
- Tedersoo, Leho, et al.
(författare)
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Global patterns in endemicity and vulnerability of soil fungi.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Global change biology. - : Wiley. - 1365-2486 .- 1354-1013. ; 28:22, s. 6696-6710
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fungi are highly diverse organisms, which provide multiple ecosystem services. However, compared with charismatic animals and plants, the distribution patterns and conservation needs of fungi have been little explored. Here, we examined endemicity patterns, global change vulnerability and conservation priority areas for functional groups of soil fungi based on six global surveys using a high-resolution, long-read metabarcoding approach. We found that the endemicity of all fungi and most functional groups peaks in tropical habitats, including Amazonia, Yucatan, West-Central Africa, Sri Lanka, and New Caledonia, with a negligible island effect compared with plants and animals. We also found that fungi are predominantly vulnerable to drought, heat and land-cover change, particularly in dry tropical regions with high human population density. Fungal conservation areas of highest priority include herbaceous wetlands, tropical forests, and woodlands. We stress that more attention should be focused on the conservation of fungi, especially root symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal fungi in tropical regions as well as unicellular early-diverging groups and macrofungi in general. Given the low overlap between the endemicity of fungi and macroorganisms, but high conservation needs in both groups, detailed analyses on distribution and conservation requirements are warranted for other microorganisms and soil organisms.
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