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- Kerkhof, H. J. M., et al.
(författare)
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Recommendations for standardization and phenotype definitions in genetic studies of osteoarthritis: the TREAT-OA consortium
- 2011
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Ingår i: Osteoarthritis and Cartilage. - : Elsevier BV. - 1063-4584. ; 19:3, s. 254-264
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To address the need for standardization of osteoarthritis (OA) phenotypes by examining the effect of heterogeneity among symptomatic (SOA) and radiographic osteoarthritis (ROA) phenotypes. Methods: Descriptions of OA phenotypes of the 28 studies involved in the TREAT-OA consortium were collected. We investigated whether different OA definitions result in different association results by creating various hip OA definitions in one large population based cohort (the Rotterdam Study I (RSI)) and testing those for association with gender, age and body mass index using one-way ANOVA. For ROA, we standardized the hip-, knee- and hand ROA definitions and calculated prevalence's of ROA before and after standardization in nine cohort studies. This procedure could only be performed in cohort studies and standardization of SOA definitions was not feasible at this moment. Results: In this consortium, all studies with SOA phenotypes (knee, hip and hand) used a different definition and/or assessment of OA status. For knee-, hip- and hand ROA five, four and seven different definitions were used, respectively. Different hip ROA definitions do lead to different association results. For example, we showed in the RSI that hip OA defined as "at least definite joint space narrowing (JSN) and one definite osteophyte" was not associated with gender (P=0.22), but defined as "at least one definite osteophyte" was significantly associated with gender (P=3 x 10(-9)). Therefore, a standardization process was undertaken for ROA definitions. Before standardization a wide range of ROA prevalence's was observed in the nine cohorts studied. After standardization the range in prevalence of knee- and hip ROA was small. Conclusion: Phenotype definitions influence the prevalence of OA and association with clinical variables. ROA phenotypes within the TREAT-OA consortium were standardized to reduce heterogeneity and improve power in future genetics studies. (C) 2010 Osteoarthritis Research Society International. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
- Yoshida, H., et al.
(författare)
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Sex differences in effects of valsartan administration on cardiovascular outcomes in hypertensive patients: findings from the Jikei Heart Study
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Hypertension. - 0263-6352. ; 28:6, s. 1150-1157
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The randomized Jikei Heart Study has demonstrated that the addition of valsartan to conventional treatments prevents more cardiovascular events in Japanese patients with hypertension. This substudy analyses the sex difference in cardiovascular disease risk reduction in the Jikei Heart Study. METHODS: Treatment effects were evaluated by sex (1038 women and 2043 men) as hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using Cox regression models adjusted for age, BMI, smoking, dyslipidemia, diabetes, antihypertensives, and statin use at baseline. RESULTS: Women were older, had higher SBP, total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol but were less frequently smokers or diabetics, and had a lower DBP and incidence of coronary artery disease. A greater incidence of primary endpoint, a composite of cardiovascular events, occurred in men versus women [hazard ratio 1.37 (95% CI 1.02-1.85)]. Men in the valsartan group had a significant reduction in the primary endpoint [hazard ratio 0.6 (95% CI 0.44-0.82), P = 0.001], whereas a nonsignificant effect was found in women [hazard ratio 0.64 (95% CI 0.39-1.06), P = 0.075]. However, statistical heterogeneity of this valsartan effect was not found between sexes, and women of at least 55 years of age, mostly after menopause, in the valsartan group showed a significant risk reduction for the primary endpoint [hazard ratio 0.60 (95% CI 0.36-0.99)]. CONCLUSION: The valsartan effect was significant in men and in elderly women but consistent in both sexes. A potential cardiovascular protection by valsartan therapy might be attributed to the cardiovascular risk level but not to the sex difference.
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