| 1. |
- Deng, Min, et al.
(author)
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Genome-wide association analyses in Han Chinese identify two new susceptibility loci for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- 2013
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In: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 45:6, s. 697-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To identify susceptibility genes for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 506 individuals with sporadic ALS and 1,859 controls of Han Chinese ancestry. Ninety top SNPs suggested by the current GWAS and 6 SNPs identified by previous GWAS were analyzed in an independent cohort of 706 individuals with ALS and 1,777 controls of Han Chinese ancestry. We discovered two new susceptibility loci for ALS at 1q32 (CAMK1G, rs6703183, P-combined = 2.92 x 10(-8), odds ratio (OR) = 1.31) and 22p11 (CABIN1 and SUSD2, rs8141797, P-combined = 2.35 x 10(-9), OR = 1.52). These two loci explain 12.48% of the overall variance in disease risk in the Han Chinese population. We found no association evidence for the previously reported loci in the Han Chinese population, suggesting genetic heterogeneity of disease susceptibility for ALS between ancestry groups. Our study identifies two new susceptibility loci and suggests new pathogenic mechanisms of ALS.
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| 2. |
- Guo, Yu, et al.
(author)
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Localization of prostate cancer based on fuzzy fusion of multispectral MRI
- 2013
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In: IFMBE Proceedings. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer. - 9783642293047 ; , s. 1844-1846
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Accurate prostate cancer localization with noninvasive imaging can be used to guide biopsy, radiotherapy and surgery as well as to monitor disease progression [1]. Published studies have shown multispectral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), i.e., a combination of multiple types of MR images, as a promising noninvasive imaging technique for the localization of prostate cancer.
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| 3. |
- Tang, Ting-Ting, et al.
(author)
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Impaired thymic export and apoptosis contribute to regulatory T-cell defects in patients with chronic heart failure.
- 2011
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In: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203 .- 1932-6203. ; 6:9, s. e24272-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Animal studies suggest that regulatory T (T(reg)) cells play a beneficial role in ventricular remodeling and our previous data have demonstrated defects of T(reg) cells in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). However, the mechanisms behind T(reg-)cell defects remained unknown. We here sought to elucidate the mechanism of T(reg-)cell defects in CHF patients.
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| 4. |
- Ajayi, Abiodun, et al.
(author)
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Expanded ataxin-7 cause toxicity by inducing ROS production from NADPH oxidase complexes in a stable inducible Spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 (SCA7) model
- 2012
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In: BMC Neuroscience. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2202. ; 13
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 (SCA7) is one of nine inherited neurodegenerative disorders caused by polyglutamine (polyQ) expansions. Common mechanisms of disease pathogenesis suggested for polyQ disorders include aggregation of the polyQ protein and induction of oxidative stress. However, the exact mechanism(s) of toxicity is still unclear. Results: In this study we show that expression of polyQ expanded ATXN7 in a novel stable inducible cell model first results in a concomitant increase in ROS levels and aggregation of the disease protein and later cellular toxicity. The increase in ROS could be completely prevented by inhibition of NADPH oxidase (NOX) complexes suggesting that ATXN7 directly or indirectly causes oxidative stress by increasing superoxide anion production from these complexes. Moreover, we could observe that induction of mutant ATXN7 leads to a decrease in the levels of catalase, a key enzyme in detoxifying hydrogen peroxide produced from dismutation of superoxide anions. This could also contribute to the generation of oxidative stress. Most importantly, we found that treatment with a general anti-oxidant or inhibitors of NOX complexes reduced both the aggregation and toxicity of mutant ATXN7. In contrast, ATXN7 aggregation was aggravated by treatments promoting oxidative stress. Conclusion: Our results demonstrates that oxidative stress contributes to ATXN7 aggregation as well as toxicity and show that anti-oxidants or NOX inhibition can ameliorate mutant ATXN7 toxicity.
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| 5. |
- Ajayi, Abiodun, et al.
(author)
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Polyglutamine expanded ataxin-7 alters NOX1 activity and cellular metabolism
- 2013
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 (SCA7) is one of nine inherited neurodegenerative disorders caused by polyglutamine (polyQ) expansions. Common pathogenic mechanisms, including oxidative stress and metabolic dysfunction, have been implicated in polyQ disease. However, the exact toxic mechanism(s) is still unclear. We have previously demonstrated that expression of the SCA7 disease protein, ATXN7, results in oxidative stress and toxicity via activation of ROS-producing NADPH oxidase (NOX) enzymes. In this study, we show that mutant ATXN7 specifically up-regulates and activates the NOX1 family member. Furthermore, we show that the increased NOX1 activity is linked with a metabolic shift, similar to the Warburg effect, and reduced energy levels. Reduction of the NOX1-mediated ROS production reverse the metabolic shift and rescue the ATXN7 induced toxicity. These data suggest that NOX1-mediated metabolic alterations and energy deficit could play a role in SCA7 pathology and possibly in other polyQ diseases.
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| 6. |
- Ajayi, Abiodun, et al.
(author)
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The role of NADPH oxidase (NOX) enzymes in neurodegenerative disease
- 2013
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In: Frontiers in Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1674-7992 .- 1674-7984. ; 8:2, s. 175-188
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Recently, mounting evidence implicating reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by NADPH oxidase(NOX) enzymes in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS), Alzheimer’s (AD), Parkinson’s (PD) and polyglutamine disease, have arisen. NOX enzymes are transmembraneproteins and generate reactive oxygen species by transporting electrons across lipid membranes. Under normal healthyconditions, low levels of ROS produced by NOX enzymes have been shown to play a role in neuronal differentiation andsynaptic plasticity. However, in chronic neurodegenerative diseases over-activation of NOX in neurons, as well as inastrocytes and microglia, has been linked to pathogenic processes such as oxidative stress, exitotoxicity andneuroinflammation. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about NOX functions in the healthy centralnervous system and especially the role of NOX enzymes in neurodegenerative disease processes.
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| 7. |
- Chen, Bin, et al.
(author)
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Full-colour luminescent compounds based on anthracene and 2,2 '-dipyridylamine
- 2013
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In: Journal of Materials Chemistry C. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2050-7526 .- 2050-7534. ; 1:44, s. 7409-7417
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Starting from two simple units of anthracene and 2,2'-dipyridylamine, a series of new luminescent compounds 1-8 were designed and synthesized by a combined strategy of changing the connection mode between the two units, extending the conjugation size, and introducing an additional electron donor. Photophysical properties of 1-8 were investigated and discussed on the basis of solvatochromic behaviour, theoretical calculations, crystal structure, and optimized structures. Interestingly, the emission wavelengths of these compounds could be successfully tuned from violet to red both in solutions and the solid-state, and prominent positive solvatochromism was observed for the compounds with a D-p-A framework. Consider compound 7 as an example, it shows peaks at 526 nm and 627 nm in cyclohexane and DMSO, respectively. Meanwhile, the quantum yield was decreased from 0.80 in cyclohexane to 0.12 in DMSO. The introduction of bulky groups was demonstrated to be effective for suppressing the aggregation effect and thus improving the solid state emission quantum yield. These results indicate that the combined structure modulation strategy offers a powerful tool for tuning the emission behaviour. To demonstrate the possibility of practical applications, 2 was employed as the emitting material for the fabrication of deep-blue organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), which showed a maximum external quantum efficiency of 2.2%. The CIE coordinates of (0.15, 0.08) are indicative of excellent blue color purity.
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| 8. |
- Ding, Xin, et al.
(author)
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Artificial photosynthesis : A two-electrode photoelectrochemical cell for light driven water oxidation with molecular components
- 2014
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In: Electrochimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0013-4686 .- 1873-3859. ; 149, s. 337-340
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An efficient two-electrode molecular PEC was assembled, in which a photoanode was constructed using a co-adsorbed method with a molecular photosensitizer (PS) 1 and a molecular catalyst 2 on TiO2-sintered FTO electrode (TiO2(1 + 2)). Without applied bias against a reference electrode, the system achieves remarkable photocurrent densities and carries out light driven water oxidation as evidenced by Clark electrode measurements in solution. A photocurrent density of 70 mA/cm(2) has been obtained within 10 s illumination time, and a TON of about 220 was obtained with a maximum turnover frequency (TOF) of ca. 4 min(-1) within the initial 5 minutes illumination duration.
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| 9. |
- Ding, Xin, et al.
(author)
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Visible Light-Driven Water Splitting in Photoelectrochemical Cells with Supramolecular Catalysts on Photoanodes
- 2014
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In: ACS Catalysis. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2155-5435. ; 4:7, s. 2347-2350
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- By using a supramolecular self-assembly method, a functional water splitting device based on a photoactive anode TiO2(1+2) has been successfully assembled with a molecular photosensitizer 1 and a molecular catalyst 2 connected by coordination of 1 and 2 with Zr4+ ions on the surface of nanostructured TiO2. On the basis of this photoanode in a three-electrode photoelectrochemical cell, a maximal incident photon to current conversion efficiency of 4.1% at similar to 450 nm and a photocurrent density of similar to 0.48 mA cm(-2) were successfully obtained.
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| 10. |
- Gao, Yan, et al.
(author)
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Artificial photosynthesis : photosensitizer/catalyst supramolecular assemblies for light driven water oxidation
- 2014
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In: Faraday discussions. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1359-6640 .- 1364-5498. ; 176, s. 225-232
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Three new supramolecular assemblies SA1-SA3 with different linkages between the photosensitizer and catalyst have been synthesized for light driven water oxidation. With flexible -CH2-CH2- chains as the linkage, the assembly SA3 displays the best performance for photocatalytic water oxidation compared with the other two assemblies, a turnover number of 34 has been obtained based on the molecular assembly SA3 in a homogeneous system. This type of assembly connected with flexible linkages represents suitable candidates to construct photoanodes for light driven water splitting in dye sensitized photoelectrochemical devices.
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