| 1. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
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Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
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Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
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| 2. |
- Jin, Ying-Hui, et al.
(författare)
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Chemoprophylaxis, diagnosis, treatments, and discharge management of COVID-19 : An evidence-based clinical practice guideline (updated version)
- 2020
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Ingår i: Military Medical Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2054-9369. ; 7:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of a rapidly spreading illness, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), affecting more than seventeen million people around the world. Diagnosis and treatment guidelines for clinicians caring for patients are needed. In the early stage, we have issued "A rapid advice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infected pneumonia (standard version)"; now there are many direct evidences emerged and may change some of previous recommendations and it is ripe for develop an evidence-based guideline. We formed a working group of clinical experts and methodologists. The steering group members proposed 29 questions that are relevant to the management of COVID-19 covering the following areas: chemoprophylaxis, diagnosis, treatments, and discharge management. We searched the literature for direct evidence on the management of COVID-19, and assessed its certainty generated recommendations using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Recommendations were either strong or weak, or in the form of ungraded consensus-based statement. Finally, we issued 34 statements. Among them, 6 were strong recommendations for, 14 were weak recommendations for, 3 were weak recommendations against and 11 were ungraded consensus-based statement. They covered topics of chemoprophylaxis (including agents and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) agents), diagnosis (including clinical manifestations, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respiratory tract specimens, IgM and IgG antibody tests, chest computed tomography, chest x-ray, and CT features of asymptomatic infections), treatments (including lopinavir-ritonavir, umifenovir, favipiravir, interferon, remdesivir, combination of antiviral drugs, hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine, interleukin-6 inhibitors, interleukin-1 inhibitors, glucocorticoid, qingfei paidu decoction, lianhua qingwen granules/capsules, convalescent plasma, lung transplantation, invasive or noninvasive ventilation, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)), and discharge management (including discharge criteria and management plan in patients whose RT-PCR retesting shows SARS-CoV-2 positive after discharge). We also created two figures of these recommendations for the implementation purpose. We hope these recommendations can help support healthcare workers caring for COVID-19 patients.
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| 3. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
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The first visual object tracking segmentation VOTS2023 challenge results
- 2023
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Ingår i: 2023 IEEE/CVF International conference on computer vision workshops (ICCVW). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9798350307443 - 9798350307450 ; , s. 1788-1810
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking Segmentation VOTS2023 challenge is the eleventh annual tracker benchmarking activity of the VOT initiative. This challenge is the first to merge short-term and long-term as well as single-target and multiple-target tracking with segmentation masks as the only target location specification. A new dataset was created; the ground truth has been withheld to prevent overfitting. New performance measures and evaluation protocols have been created along with a new toolkit and an evaluation server. Results of the presented 47 trackers indicate that modern tracking frameworks are well-suited to deal with convergence of short-term and long-term tracking and that multiple and single target tracking can be considered a single problem. A leaderboard, with participating trackers details, the source code, the datasets, and the evaluation kit are publicly available at the challenge website1
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| 4. |
- Kang, Nai-xin, et al.
(författare)
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Anemoside B4 inhibits enterovirus 71 propagation in mice through upregulating 14-3-3 expression and type I interferon responses
- 2022
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Ingår i: Acta Pharmacologica Sinica. - : Springer Nature. - 1671-4083 .- 1745-7254. ; 43, s. 977-991
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is the major pathogens of human hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). EV71 efficiently escapes innate immunity responses of the host to cause infection. At present, no effective antiviral drugs for EV71 are available. Anemoside B4 (B4) is a natural saponin isolated from the roots of Pulsatilla chinensis (Bunge) Regel. P. chinensis extracts that shows a wide variety of biological activities. In this study, we investigated the antiviral activities of B4 against EV71 both in cell culture and in suckling mice. We showed that B4 (12.5-200 mu M) dose dependently increased the viability of EV71-infected RD cells with an IC50 value of 24.95 +/- 0.05 mu M against EV71. The antiviral activity of B4 was associated with enhanced interferon (IFN)-beta response, since knockdown of IFN-beta abolished its antiviral activity. We also confirmed that the enhanced IFN response was mediated via activation of retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) like receptors (RLRs) pathway, and it was executed by upregulation of 14-3-3 protein, which disrupted the interaction between yes-associated protein (YAP) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). By using amino acids in cell culture (SILAC)-based proteomics profiling, we identified the Hippo pathway as the top-ranking functional cluster in B4-treated EV71-infected cells. In vivo experiments were conducted in suckling mice (2-day-old) infected with EV71 and subsequently B4 (200 mg center dot kg(-1) center dot d(-1), i.p.) was administered for 16 days. We showed that B4 administration effectively suppressed EV71 replication and improved muscle inflammation and limb activity. Meanwhile, B4 administration regulated the expressions of HFMD biomarkers IL-10 and IFN-gamma, attenuating complications of EV71 infection. Collectively, our results suggest that B4 could enhance the antiviral effect of IFN-beta by orchestrating Hippo and RLRs pathway, and B4 would be a potential lead compound for developing an anti-EV71 drug.
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| 5. |
- Wen-Yu, Fang, et al.
(författare)
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Elastic constants, electronic structures and thermal conductivity of monolayer XO2 (X = Ni, Pd, Pt)
- 2021
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Ingår i: Wuli xuebao. - : Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. - 1000-3290. ; 70:24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on the first-principles calculations, the stability, elastic constants, electronic structure, and lattice thermal conductivity of monolayer XO2 (X = Ni, Pd, Pt) are investigated in this work. The results show that XO2 (X = Ni, Pd, Pt) have mechanical and dynamic stability at the same time. In addition, the Young's modulus of monolayer NiO2, PdO2 and PtO2 are 124.69 N.m(-1), 103.31 N.m(-1) and 116.51 N.m(-1), Poisson's ratio of monolayer NiO2, PdO2 and PtO2 are 0.25, 0.24 and 0.27, respectively, and each of them possesses high isotropy. The band structures show that monolayer XO2 (X = Ni, Pd, Pt) are indirect band-gap semiconductors with energy gap of 2.95 eV, 3.00 eV and 3.34 eV, respectively, and the energy levels near the valence band maximum and conduction band minimum are mainly composed of Ni-3d/Pd-4d/Pt-5d and O-2p orbital electrons. Based on deformation potential theory, the carrier mobility of each monolayer is calculated, and the results show that the effective mass and deformation potential of monolayer XO2 (X = Ni, Pd, Pt) along the armchair and zigzag directions show obvious anisotropy, and the highest electron and hole mobility are 13707.96 and 53.25 cm(2) .V-1.s(-1), 1288.12 and 19.18 cm(2).V-1.s(-1), and 404.71 and 270.60 cm(2) .V-1.s(-1) for NiO2, PdO(2 )and PtO2, respectively. Furthermore, the lattice thermal conductivity of monolayer XO2 (X = Ni, Pd, Pt) at 300 K are 53.55 W.m(-1).K-1, 19.06 W.m(-1).K-1 and 17.43 W.m(-1).K-1, respectively. These properties indicate that monolayer XO2 (X = Ni, Pd, Pt) have potential applications in nanometer electronic materials and thermal conductivity devices.
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| 6. |
- Xiao, Yue, et al.
(författare)
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Fully Decentralized Federated Learning-Based On-Board Mission for UAV Swarm System
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE Communications Letters. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1089-7798 .- 1558-2558. ; 25:10, s. 3296-3300
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To handle the data explosion in the era of Internet-of-things, it is of interest to investigate the decentralized network, with the aim at relaxing the burden at the central server along with preserving data privacy. In this work, we develop a fully decentralized federated learning (FL) framework with an inexact stochastic parallel random walk alternating direction method of multipliers (ISPW-ADMM). Performing more efficient communication and enhanced privacy preservation compared with the current state-of-the-art, the proposed ISPW-ADMM can be partially immune to the effect of time-varying dynamic network and stochastic data collection, while still in fast convergence. Benefiting from the stochastic gradients and biased first-order moment estimation, the proposed framework can be applied to any decentralized FL tasks over time-varying graphs. Thus, to demonstrate the practicability of such a framework in providing fast convergence, high communication efficiency, noise robustness for a specific on-board mission to some extent, we study the extreme learning machine-based FL model beamforming design in unmanned aerial vehicle communications, as verified by the numerical simulations.
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| 7. |
- Zhang, Tianqi, et al.
(författare)
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Impacts of Urbanization on Drainage System Health and Sustainable Drainage Recommendations for Future Scenarios—A Small City Case in China
- 2022
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Ingår i: Sustainability (Switzerland). - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 14:24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- China is urbanizing at an unprecedented rate, but also accelerating the use of water resources and overloading of urban drainage systems. To analyze the impact of urbanization on the drainage-system health in Jinxi, a typical small case area in China, this study proposed an innovative methodological framework for evaluation and prediction based on statistical and modeling methods, which provides a demonstration and reference for urban development and drainage-system construction in developing countries. The result shows that the comprehensive urbanization index (CUI) of Jinxi shows an overall upward trend between 2009 and 2020. The drainage-system health index (DHI) shows a U-shaped trend of decreasing and then increasing, with the threshold in 2016. The years when the DHI and CUI are in balanced development occurred in 2014 and 2018. The impact of urbanization on the drainage-system health is divided into positive and negative aspects, depending on the drainage demands of the urban development. According to the predicted results, it is suggested that the next drainage upgrading measures will be favorable for sustainable urban development when the urbanization rate reaches 60%, the gross industrial output increases by 10%, or the total retail sales of consumer goods increase by 40%.
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