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- Ashar, Foram N., et al.
(författare)
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A comprehensive evaluation of the genetic architecture of sudden cardiac arrest
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press. - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 39:44, s. 3961-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) accounts for 10% of adult mortality in Western populations. We aim to identify potential loci associated with SCA and to identify risk factors causally associated with SCA.Methods and results: We carried out a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) for SCA (n = 3939 cases, 25 989 non-cases) to examine common variation genome-wide and in candidate arrhythmia genes. We also exploited Mendelian randomization (MR) methods using cross-trait multi-variant genetic risk score associations (GRSA) to assess causal relationships of 18 risk factors with SCA. No variants were associated with SCA at genome-wide significance, nor were common variants in candidate arrhythmia genes associated with SCA at nominal significance. Using cross-trait GRSA, we established genetic correlation between SCA and (i) coronary artery disease (CAD) and traditional CAD risk factors (blood pressure, lipids, and diabetes), (ii) height and BMI, and (iii) electrical instability traits (QT and atrial fibrillation), suggesting aetiologic roles for these traits in SCA risk.Conclusions: Our findings show that a comprehensive approach to the genetic architecture of SCA can shed light on the determinants of a complex life-threatening condition with multiple influencing factors in the general population. The results of this genetic analysis, both positive and negative findings, have implications for evaluating the genetic architecture of patients with a family history of SCA, and for efforts to prevent SCA in high-risk populations and the general community.
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| 2. |
- Li, Xiaojie, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding the mechanical properties of reduced activation steels
- 2018
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Ingår i: Materials & design. - : Elsevier. - 0264-1275 .- 1873-4197. ; 146, s. 260-272
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reduced activation ferritic/martensitic (RAFM) steels are structural materials with potential application in Generation-IV fission and fusion reactors. We use density-functional theory to scrutinize the micro-mechanical properties of the main alloy phases of three RAFM steels based on the body-centered cubic FeCrWVMn solid solution. We assess the lattice parameters and elastic properties of ferromagnetic alpha-Fe and Fe91Cr9, which are the main building blocks of the RAFM steels, and present a detailed analysis of the calculated alloying effects of V, Cr, Mn, and W on the mechanical properties of Fe91Cr9. The composition dependence of the elastic parameters is decomposed into electronic and volumetric contributions and studied for alloying levels that cover the typical intervals in RAFM steels. A linear superposition of the individual solute effects on the properties of Fe91Cr9 is shown to provide an excellent approximation for the ab initio values obtained for the RAFM steels. The intrinsic ductility is evaluated through Rice's phenomenological theory using the surface and unstable stacking fault energies, and the predictions are contrasted with those obtained by empirical criteria. Alloying with V or W is found to enhance the ductility, whereas additional Cr or Mn turns the RAFM base alloys more brittle.
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| 3. |
- Qu, Jishuang, et al.
(författare)
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Improved performance and air stability of perovskite solar cells based on low-cost organic hole-transporting material X60 by incorporating its dicationic salt
- 2018
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Ingår i: Science in China Series B. - : Science Press. - 1674-7291 .- 1869-1870. ; 61:2, s. 172-179
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of an efficient, stable, and low-cost hole-transporting material (HTM) is of great significance for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) from future commercialization point of view. Herein, we specifically synthesize a dicationic salt of X60 termed X60(TFSI)(2), and adopt it as an effective and stable "doping" agent to replace the previously used lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) for the low-cost organic HTM X60 in PSCs. The incorporation of this dicationic salt significantly increases the hole conductivity of X60 by two orders of magnitude from 10(-6) to 10(-4) S cm(-1). The dramatic enhancement of the conductivity leads to an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.0% measured at 1 sun illumination (100 mW cm(-2), AM 1.5 G), which is comparable to that of the device doped with LiTFSI (19.3%) under an identical condition. More strikingly, by replacing LiTFSI, the PSC devices incorporating X60(TFSI)(2) also show an excellent long-term durability under ambient atmosphere for 30 days, mainly due to the hydrophobic nature of the X60(TFSI)(2) doped HTM layer, which can effectively prevent the moisture destroying the perovskite layer. The present work paves the way for the development of highly efficient, stable, and low-cost HTM for potential commercialization of PSCs.
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