| 1. |
- Cao, Xuan, et al.
(författare)
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Engineering yeast for high-level production of diterpenoid sclareol
- 2023
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Ingår i: Metabolic Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 1096-7176 .- 1096-7184. ; 75, s. 19-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The diterpenoid sclareol is an industrially important precursor for alternative sustainable supply of ambergris. However, its current production from plant extraction is neither economical nor environmental-friendly, since it requires laborious and cost-intensive purification procedures and plants cultivation is susceptible to environmental factors. Engineering cell factories for bio-manufacturing can enable sustainable production of natural products. However, stringent metabolic regulation poses challenges to rewire cellular metabolism for overproduction of compounds of interest. Here we used a modular approach to globally rewire the cellular metabolism for improving sclareol production to 11.4 g/L in budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the highest reported diterpenoid titer in microbes. Metabolic flux analysis showed that modular balanced metabolism drove the metabolic flux toward the biosynthesis of targeted molecules, and transcriptomic analysis revealed that the expression of central metabolism genes was shaped for a new balanced metabolism, which laid a foundation in extensive metabolic engineering of other microbial species for sustainable bio-production.
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| 2. |
- Gu, Peng, et al.
(författare)
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A metabolite from commensal Candida albicans enhances the bactericidal activity of macrophages and protects against sepsis
- 2023
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Ingår i: Cellular & Molecular Immunology. - London : Nature Publishing Group. - 1672-7681 .- 2042-0226. ; 20:10, s. 1156-1170
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The gut microbiome is recognized as a key modulator of sepsis development. However, the contribution of the gut mycobiome to sepsis development is still not fully understood. Here, we demonstrated that the level of Candida albicans was markedly decreased in patients with bacterial sepsis, and the supernatant of Candida albicans culture significantly decreased the bacterial load and improved sepsis symptoms in both cecum ligation and puncture (CLP)-challenged mice and Escherichia coli-challenged pigs. Integrative metabolomics and the genetic engineering of fungi revealed that Candida albicans-derived phenylpyruvate (PPA) enhanced the bactericidal activity of macrophages and reduced organ damage during sepsis. Mechanistically, PPA directly binds to sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) and increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production for eventual bacterial clearance. Importantly, PPA enhanced the bacterial clearance capacity of macrophages in sepsis patients and was inversely correlated with the severity of sepsis in patients. Our findings highlight the crucial contribution of commensal fungi to bacterial disease modulation and expand our understanding of the host-mycobiome interaction during sepsis development. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to CSI and USTC.
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| 3. |
- Ji, Yanan, et al.
(författare)
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Perovskite photonic crystal photoelectric devices
- 2022
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Ingår i: Applied Physics Reviews. - : AIP Publishing. - 1931-9401. ; 9:4
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Metal halide perovskite materials have been extensively explored in modern photonic devices. Photonic crystals (PCs) are periodic structures with specific optical properties, such as photonic stop bands and "slow photon " effects, which can tailor the propagation and distribution of photons in photoelectric devices. PCs have in recent years been widely explored to significantly improve the performance of perovskite luminescent materials and/or photoelectric devices. Therefore, a full understanding of the key role of PCs and a further learning of the correct use of PCs in perovskite photonic/photoelectric devices are essential for realizing the inherent potential of the superior performance of such devices. By means of this first review, we aim at offering a comprehensive framework description for PCs suitable for high-performance perovskite photoelectric devices. We start with a brief introduction to the basic aspects of PCs. Then, we summarize the influences of PCs on emission/absorption for perovskite luminescent materials. Subsequently, we systematically discuss concepts like light extraction, light trapping, slow-light effects, and structural effects of PCs for perovskite devices, with a particular emphasis on their theoretical descriptions. We argue that the marriage of perovskite materials with PCs can open up a novel frontier in photoelectric devices that potentially can spawn many exciting new fields.
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| 4. |
- Lei, Ying, et al.
(författare)
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Microwave synthesis and enhancement of thermoelectric performance in HfxTi1−xNiSn0.97Sb0.03 half-Heusler bulks
- 2023
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Ingår i: Rare Metals. - : Springer Nature. - 1001-0521 .- 1867-7185. ; 42:11, s. 3780-3786
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We obtained TiNiSn-based half-Heusler HfxTi1−xNiSn0.97Sb0.03 bulks with 85%–96% relative densities via 5-min microwave synthesis and 20-min microwave sintering in sealed vacuum. The phase composition and microstructure of samples were characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Thermoelectric (TE) properties were measured, i.e., Seebeck coefficient (S), electrical resistivity (ρ), and thermal conductivity (κ) through Seebeck coefficient/resistance analysis system (S/RAs) and laser flash thermal analyzer (LFT). The results show that the nearly single phase exists after microwave sintering. The grain sizes and the number of grain boundaries decrease with increase in Hf-doping amount due to an increase in point defects. The matrix grains for Hf0.1Ti0.9NiSn0.97Sb0.03 are ~ 10 μm. The nanoscle pores and precipitates are present as second phases in matrix grain. The real composition for Hf0.1Ti0.9NiSn0.97Sb0.03 matrix grain is Hf3.51Ti28.76Ni34.76Sn31.55Sb1.43. The variation trends of electrical resistivity, Seebeck coefficient, power factor, and thermal conductivity were analyzed in detail. The maximum figure of merit (ZT) of 0.46 is obtained for Hf0.1Ti0.9NiSnSn0.97Sb0.03 at 723 K. The innovation route exhibits advantages for predation of TE bulks when compared to the conventional methods, especially in terms of efficiency while it still maintains TE performance. © 2019, The Nonferrous Metals Society of China and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Tan, Hongwei, et al.
(författare)
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Bioinspired multisensory neural network with crossmodal integration and recognition
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Nature Research. - 2041-1723. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The integration and interaction of vision, touch, hearing, smell, and taste in the human multisensory neural network facilitate high-level cognitive functionalities, such as crossmodal integration, recognition, and imagination for accurate evaluation and comprehensive understanding of the multimodal world. Here, we report a bioinspired multisensory neural network that integrates artificial optic, afferent, auditory, and simulated olfactory and gustatory sensory nerves. With distributed multiple sensors and biomimetic hierarchical architectures, our system can not only sense, process, and memorize multimodal information, but also fuse multisensory data at hardware and software level. Using crossmodal learning, the system is capable of crossmodally recognizing and imagining multimodal information, such as visualizing alphabet letters upon handwritten input, recognizing multimodal visual/smell/taste information or imagining a never-seen picture when hearing its description. Our multisensory neural network provides a promising approach towards robotic sensing and perception. Human-like robotic sensing aims at extracting and processing complicated environmental information via multisensory integration and interaction. Tan et al. report an artificial spiking multisensory neural network that integrates five primary senses and mimics the crossmodal perception of biological brains.
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| 7. |
- Tan, Hongwei, et al.
(författare)
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Tactile sensory coding and learning with bio-inspired optoelectronic spiking afferent nerves
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 2041-1723. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The integration and cooperation of mechanoreceptors, neurons and synapses in somatosensory systems enable humans to efficiently sense and process tactile information. Inspired by biological somatosensory systems, we report an optoelectronic spiking afferent nerve with neural coding, perceptual learning and memorizing capabilities to mimic tactile sensing and processing. Our system senses pressure by MXene-based sensors, converts pressure information to light pulses by coupling light-emitting diodes to analog-to-digital circuits, then integrates light pulses using a synaptic photomemristor. With neural coding, our spiking nerve is capable of not only detecting simultaneous pressure inputs, but also recognizing Morse code, braille, and object movement. Furthermore, with dimensionality-reduced feature extraction and learning, our system can recognize and memorize handwritten alphabets and words, providing a promising approach towards e-skin, neurorobotics and human-machine interaction technologies.
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| 8. |
- Wang, Yangong, et al.
(författare)
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Exome sequencing reveals genetic heterogeneity and clinically actionable findings in children with cerebral palsy
- 2024
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Ingår i: NATURE MEDICINE. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; 30, s. 1395-1405
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common motor disability in children. To ascertain the role of major genetic variants in the etiology of CP, we conducted exome sequencing on a large-scale cohort with clinical manifestations of CP. The study cohort comprised 505 girls and 1,073 boys. Utilizing the current gold standard in genetic diagnostics, 387 of these 1,578 children (24.5%) received genetic diagnoses. We identified 412 pathogenic and likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants across 219 genes associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, and 59 P/LP copy number variants. The genetic diagnostic rate of children with CP labeled at birth with perinatal asphyxia was higher than the rate in children without asphyxia (P = 0.0033). Also, 33 children with CP manifestations (8.5%, 33 of 387) had findings that were clinically actionable. These results highlight the need for early genetic testing in children with CP, especially those with risk factors like perinatal asphyxia, to enable evidence-based medical decision-making. Using exome sequencing data from one of the largest cohorts of children with cerebral palsy, the genetic diagnostic rates of single-nucleotide and copy number variants were assessed and a sizeable fraction found to be clinically actionable.
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| 9. |
- Xu, Wen, et al.
(författare)
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Localized surface plasmon resonances in self-doped copper chalcogenide binary nanocrystals and their emerging applications
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nano Today. - : Elsevier BV. - 1748-0132 .- 1878-044X. ; 33, s. 100892-
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Owing to their extraordinary surface plasmon and semiconductor properties, copper chalcogenide nanocrystals (NCs) have experienced a steeply increased interest for various types of applications since the first discovery of their plasmonic property in 2009. This article critically and comprehensively reviews the decade long research effort devoted to doped plasmonic copper chalcogenide binary NCs with respect to their synthesis methods, their theoretical description and various applications. In particular, we focus on factors that impact their localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) and on methods used for tuning the LSPRs. We emphasize the underlying mechanisms of LSPR generation and the unique roles and advantages of the copper chalcogenide NCs with respect to the commonly attended plasmonic metal nanoparticles. Finally, we review current challenges in the field of copper chalcogenide NCs and give a perspective for further research. We believe that this review provides a timely and concise summary of the field of plasmonic copper chalcogenide NCs for the benefit and inspiration of its rapid and formulated development.
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| 10. |
- Zhang, Wei, et al.
(författare)
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Deciphering the photophysical properties of naphthalimide derivatives using ultrafast spectroscopy
- 2024
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Ingår i: Physical Chemistry, Chemical Physics - PCCP. - : ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY. - 1463-9076 .- 1463-9084. ; 26:5, s. 4607-4613
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Naphthalimide derivatives composed of donor-acceptor type structures hold significant promise across a wide range of applications. Here, the solvent polarity and viscosity controlled excited-state dynamics of a naphthalimide derivative with a donor-acceptor structure were studied using multiple spectroscopic techniques. From the stationary spectroscopic investigations, large Stokes shift and low fluorescence quantum yield were observed with increasing the solvent polarity, suggesting a more polar excited state relative to the ground state, which is evidenced by the Lippert-Mataga relationship. We also observe an enhanced fluorescence with a prolonged lifetime in a more viscous solution due to the restriction of excited-state molecular rearrangement. These observations result from the emerged twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) state. The ultrafast spectroscopy studies further unravel a solvent polarity dependent excited state evolution from the intramolecular charge transfer state to the TICT state, revealing that the TICT state can be populated only in strong polar solvents. Control experiments by tuning the solvent viscosity in ultrafast experiments were employed to verify the excited state molecular rearrangement subsequently. These observations collectively emphasize how fine-tuning the photophysical properties of naphthalimide derivatives can be achieved through strategic manipulation of solvent polarity and viscosity. The TICT mechanism of naphthalimide derivative was investigated by ultrafast spectroscopy, unraveling the dielectronic constant controlled excited state evolution from LE/ICT to the TICT state accompanied by the molecular rearrangement.
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