| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Zhou, Hongwei, et al.
(author)
-
The efficacy of accommodative versus monofocal intraocular lenses for cataract patients A systematic review and meta-analysis
- 2018
-
In: Medicine. - 0025-7974 .- 1536-5964. ; 97:40
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate whether accommodative intraocular lenses (AC-IOLs) are superior for cataract patients compared with monofocal IOLs (MF-IOLs). Methods: Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane library, CNKI, and Wanfang databases were searched through in August 2018 for AC-IOLs versus MF-IOLs in cataract patients. Studies were pooled under either fixed-effects model or random-effects model to calculate the relative risk (RR), weighted mean difference (WMD), or standard mean difference (SMD) and their corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Distance-corrected near visual acuity (DCNVA) was chosen as the primary outcome. The secondary outcomes were corrected distant visual acuity (CDVA), pilocarpine-induced IOL shift, contrast sensitivity, and spectacle independence. Results: Seventeen studies, involving a total of 1764 eyes, were included. Our results revealed that AC-IOLs improved DCNVA (SMD=-1.84,95% CI=-2.56 to -1.11) and were associated with significantly greater anterior lens shift than MF-IOLs (WMD=-0.30, 95% CI=-0.37 to -0.23). Furthermore, spectacle independence was significantly better with AC-IOLs than with MF-IOLs (RR=3.07, 95% CI=1.06-8.89). However, there was no significant difference in CDVA and contrast sensitivity between the 2 groups. Conclusion: Our study confirmed that AC-IOLs can provide cataract patients with DCNVA and result in more high levels of spectacle independence than MF-IOLs. Further studies with larger data set and well-designed models are required to validate our findings.
|
|
| 4. |
- Cao, Xuan, et al.
(author)
-
Engineering yeast for high-level production of diterpenoid sclareol
- 2023
-
In: Metabolic Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 1096-7176 .- 1096-7184. ; 75, s. 19-28
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The diterpenoid sclareol is an industrially important precursor for alternative sustainable supply of ambergris. However, its current production from plant extraction is neither economical nor environmental-friendly, since it requires laborious and cost-intensive purification procedures and plants cultivation is susceptible to environmental factors. Engineering cell factories for bio-manufacturing can enable sustainable production of natural products. However, stringent metabolic regulation poses challenges to rewire cellular metabolism for overproduction of compounds of interest. Here we used a modular approach to globally rewire the cellular metabolism for improving sclareol production to 11.4 g/L in budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the highest reported diterpenoid titer in microbes. Metabolic flux analysis showed that modular balanced metabolism drove the metabolic flux toward the biosynthesis of targeted molecules, and transcriptomic analysis revealed that the expression of central metabolism genes was shaped for a new balanced metabolism, which laid a foundation in extensive metabolic engineering of other microbial species for sustainable bio-production.
|
|
| 5. |
- Gu, Peng, et al.
(author)
-
A metabolite from commensal Candida albicans enhances the bactericidal activity of macrophages and protects against sepsis
- 2023
-
In: Cellular & Molecular Immunology. - London : Nature Publishing Group. - 1672-7681 .- 2042-0226. ; 20:10, s. 1156-1170
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The gut microbiome is recognized as a key modulator of sepsis development. However, the contribution of the gut mycobiome to sepsis development is still not fully understood. Here, we demonstrated that the level of Candida albicans was markedly decreased in patients with bacterial sepsis, and the supernatant of Candida albicans culture significantly decreased the bacterial load and improved sepsis symptoms in both cecum ligation and puncture (CLP)-challenged mice and Escherichia coli-challenged pigs. Integrative metabolomics and the genetic engineering of fungi revealed that Candida albicans-derived phenylpyruvate (PPA) enhanced the bactericidal activity of macrophages and reduced organ damage during sepsis. Mechanistically, PPA directly binds to sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) and increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production for eventual bacterial clearance. Importantly, PPA enhanced the bacterial clearance capacity of macrophages in sepsis patients and was inversely correlated with the severity of sepsis in patients. Our findings highlight the crucial contribution of commensal fungi to bacterial disease modulation and expand our understanding of the host-mycobiome interaction during sepsis development. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to CSI and USTC.
|
|
| 6. |
- Ji, Yanan, et al.
(author)
-
Perovskite photonic crystal photoelectric devices
- 2022
-
In: Applied Physics Reviews. - : AIP Publishing. - 1931-9401. ; 9:4
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Metal halide perovskite materials have been extensively explored in modern photonic devices. Photonic crystals (PCs) are periodic structures with specific optical properties, such as photonic stop bands and "slow photon " effects, which can tailor the propagation and distribution of photons in photoelectric devices. PCs have in recent years been widely explored to significantly improve the performance of perovskite luminescent materials and/or photoelectric devices. Therefore, a full understanding of the key role of PCs and a further learning of the correct use of PCs in perovskite photonic/photoelectric devices are essential for realizing the inherent potential of the superior performance of such devices. By means of this first review, we aim at offering a comprehensive framework description for PCs suitable for high-performance perovskite photoelectric devices. We start with a brief introduction to the basic aspects of PCs. Then, we summarize the influences of PCs on emission/absorption for perovskite luminescent materials. Subsequently, we systematically discuss concepts like light extraction, light trapping, slow-light effects, and structural effects of PCs for perovskite devices, with a particular emphasis on their theoretical descriptions. We argue that the marriage of perovskite materials with PCs can open up a novel frontier in photoelectric devices that potentially can spawn many exciting new fields.
|
|
| 7. |
- Jin, Yuepeng, et al.
(author)
-
Involvement of the PI3K/Akt/NF- B Signaling Pathway in the Attenuation of Severe Acute Pancreatitis-Associated Acute Lung Injury by Sedum sarmentosum Bunge Extract
- 2017
-
In: BioMed Research International. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2314-6133 .- 2314-6141. ; 2017
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Sedum sarmentosum Bunge possesses excellent anti-inflammatory properties and was used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficiency of Sedum sarmentosum Bunge extract (SSBE) on severe acute pancreatitis-associated (SAP-associated) acute lung injury (ALI) in rats and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Here, we used a sodium taurocholate-induced SAP rat model to determine the role of SSBE in ALI. During the course of pancreatitis, the expressions of phosphorylated phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-B) p65 in the lungs were upregulated. Meanwhile, a parallel increase in the levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) in the lungs was observed after the induction of SAP. Treatment with SSBE significantly reduced the expression of p-Akt and p-p65 in the lungs and attenuated the severity of SAP-associated ALI compared to the SAP group at 12 h and 24 h. In summary, this study showed that SSBE has beneficial effects on SAP-associated ALI, probably through the PI3-K/Akt signaling pathways by suppressing the NF-B activities.
|
|
| 8. |
- Lei, Ying, et al.
(author)
-
Microwave synthesis and enhancement of thermoelectric performance in HfxTi1−xNiSn0.97Sb0.03 half-Heusler bulks
- 2023
-
In: Rare Metals. - : Springer Nature. - 1001-0521 .- 1867-7185. ; 42:11, s. 3780-3786
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We obtained TiNiSn-based half-Heusler HfxTi1−xNiSn0.97Sb0.03 bulks with 85%–96% relative densities via 5-min microwave synthesis and 20-min microwave sintering in sealed vacuum. The phase composition and microstructure of samples were characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Thermoelectric (TE) properties were measured, i.e., Seebeck coefficient (S), electrical resistivity (ρ), and thermal conductivity (κ) through Seebeck coefficient/resistance analysis system (S/RAs) and laser flash thermal analyzer (LFT). The results show that the nearly single phase exists after microwave sintering. The grain sizes and the number of grain boundaries decrease with increase in Hf-doping amount due to an increase in point defects. The matrix grains for Hf0.1Ti0.9NiSn0.97Sb0.03 are ~ 10 μm. The nanoscle pores and precipitates are present as second phases in matrix grain. The real composition for Hf0.1Ti0.9NiSn0.97Sb0.03 matrix grain is Hf3.51Ti28.76Ni34.76Sn31.55Sb1.43. The variation trends of electrical resistivity, Seebeck coefficient, power factor, and thermal conductivity were analyzed in detail. The maximum figure of merit (ZT) of 0.46 is obtained for Hf0.1Ti0.9NiSnSn0.97Sb0.03 at 723 K. The innovation route exhibits advantages for predation of TE bulks when compared to the conventional methods, especially in terms of efficiency while it still maintains TE performance. © 2019, The Nonferrous Metals Society of China and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
|
|
| 9. |
- Liu, Qiang, et al.
(author)
-
Effect of cooling rate and Ti addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties in as-cast condition of hypereutectic high chromium cast irons
- 2012
-
In: ISIJ International. - : Iron and Steel Institute of Japan. - 0915-1559 .- 1347-5460. ; 52:12, s. 2210-2219
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The effect of cooling rate and Ti additions on the mechanical properties and carbides characteristics such as morphology, size distribution and composition was studied in high-chromium cast irons containing Fe-17 mass%Cr-4 mass%C. Based on the size distribution, composition and morphology, M 7C3 type carbides were roughly classified into "primary M7C3 carbides" and "eutectic M7C3 carbides" with a 11.2μ m border size. Thereafter, the change of the solidification structure and especially the refinement of carbides size were determined. It was found that both the size and number values should be summarized systematically for primary M 7C3 carbides and eutectic M7C3 carbides, respectively. Also, TiC carbides with a high formation temperature can not only act as a nuclei of M7C3 carbides, but they also contain a Ti(C, N) core. In the as-cast condition, the bulk hardness of the cast irons increases with an increased Ti content. In addition, the wear loss increases with an increased Ti content. Neither the bulk hardness nor the wear loss did change too much with an increased cooling rate.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
