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| 2. |
- Zlatev, Jordan, et al.
(författare)
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Motion, Emotion and Mind Science
- 2012
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Ingår i: Moving Ourselves, Moving Others: Motion and Emotion in Intersubjectivity, Consciousness and Language. - 978 90 272 4156 6 ; , s. 1-28
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
- Ahlner, Felix, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-modal iconicity: A cognitive semiotic approach to sound symbolism
- 2010
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Ingår i: Sign Systems Studies. - 1406-4243. ; 38:1/4, s. 298-348
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is being increasingly recognized that the Saussurean dictum of "the arbitrariness of the linguistic sign" is in conflict with the pervasiveness of the phenomenon commonly known as "sound symbolism". After first presenting a historical overview of the debate, however, we conclude that both positions have been exaggerated, and that an adequate explanation of sound symbolism is still lacking. How can there, for example, be (perceived) similarity between expressions and contents across different sensory modalities? We offer an answer, based on the Peircian notion of iconic ground, and G. Sonesson's distinction between primary and secondary iconicity. Furthermore, we describe an experimental study, in a paradigm first pioneered by W. Kohler, and recently popularized by V. Ramachandran, in which we varied vowels and consonants in fictive word-forms, and conclude that both types of sounds play a role in perceiving an iconic ground between the word-forms and visual figures. The combination of historical conceptual analysis, semiotic explication and psychological experimentation presented in this article is characteristic of the emerging paradigm of cognitive semiotics.
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| 4. |
- Blomberg, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Actual and non-actual motion: why experientialist semantics needs phenomenology (and vice versa)
- 2014
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Ingår i: Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1568-7759 .- 1572-8676. ; 13:3, s. 395-418
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Experientialist semantics has contributed to a broader notion of linguistic meaning by emphasizing notions such as construal, perspective, metaphor and embodiment, but has suffered from an individualist concept of meaning and has conflated experiential motivations with conventional semantics. We argue that these problems can be redressed by methods and concepts from phenomenology, through a case study of sentences of non-actual motion such as The mountain range goes all the way from Mexico to Canada. Through a phenomenological re-analysis of proposals of Talmy, Langacker and Matlock, we show that non-actual motion is both experientially and linguistically non-unitary. At least three different features of human consciousness – enactive perception, visual scanning and imagination –constitute experiential motivations for non-actual motion sentences, and each of these could be related to phenomenological analyses of human intentionality. The second problem is addressed by proposing that the experiential motivations of non-actual motion sentences can be viewed as sedimented through “passive” processes of acquisition and social transmission, and that this implies an interactive loop between experience and language, yielding losses in terms of original experience, but gains in terms of communal signification. Something that is underestimated by phenomenology is that what is sedimented are not only intentional objects such as states of affairs, but aspects of how they are given, i.e. the original, temporal, bodily experiences themselves. Since cognitive semantics has emphasized such aspects of meaning, we suggest that phenomenology can itself benefit from experientialist semantics, especially when it turns its focus from pre-predicative to predicative, linguistic intentionality.
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| 5. |
- Johansson, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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Motivations for Sound Symbolism in Spatial Deixis : A Typological Study of 101 Languages
- 2013
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Ingår i: The Public Journal of Semiotics. - 1918-9907. ; 5:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated possible motivations for sound symbolism in spatial demonstratives within 101 areally and genetically diverse languages. Six different predictions were formulated on the basis of factors such as (a) semiotic ground (iconic, indexical or combined), (b) speaker-centered, hearer-centered or both and (c) applicable to vowels, consonants or both. Each one of these six predictions resulted in different expected scales of phonemes on the proximal-distal dimension. Languages which conformed to these scales were regarded as motivated (according to a particular prediction). Languages which opposed it were treated as reverse, and if neither was the case, as neutral. The results showed significant motivated/reverse and motivated/neutral ratios only for the prediction based on vowel-frequency, motivated by a combination of iconic and indexical factors, and marginal support for the other predictions concerning vowels. The two predictions based on an assumed link between preverbal vocal pointing and demonstratives also found some, if weaker, support. The only prediction that was completely unsupported concerned the frequency of consonants. The conclusions are that a number of factors combine to motivate sound symbolism in spatial deixis, which appears to involve vowels more than consonants.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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Moving ourselves, moving others : motion and emotion in intersubjectivity, consciousness and language
- 2012
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The close relationship between motion (bodily movement) and emotion (feelings) is not an etymological coincidence. While moving ourselves, we move others; in observing others move - we are moved ourselves. The fundamentally interpersonal nature of mind and language has recently received due attention, but the key role of (e)motion in this context has remained something of a blind spot. The present book rectifies this gap by gathering contributions from leading philosophers, psychologists and linguists working in the area. Framed by an introducing prologue and a summarizing epilogue (written by Colwyn Trevarthen, who brought the phenomenological notion of intersubjectivity to a wider audience some 30 years ago) the volume elaborates a dynamical, active view of emotion, along with an affect-laden view of motion - and explores their significance for consciousness, intersubjectivity, and language. As such, it contributes to the emerging interdisciplinary field of mind science, transcending hitherto dominant computationalist and cognitivist approaches.
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| 8. |
- Smith, Viktor, et al.
(författare)
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Unpacking noun-noun compounds : interpreting novel and conventional food names in isolation and on food labels
- 2014
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Ingår i: Cognitive Linguistics. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 1613-3641 .- 0936-5907. ; 25:1, s. 99-147
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In two complementary experiments we took an integrated approach to a set of tightly interwoven, yet rarely combined questions concerning the spontaneous interpretation of novel (unfamiliar) noun-noun compounds (NNCs) when encountered in isolation, and possible (re) interpretations of novel as well as conventional (familiar) NNCs when encountered in verbo-visual context. To enhance ecological validity, we mirrored our research questions in real-life concerns on the naming of commercial food products and the risk of consumers being misled by the names that producers give to them, focusing on the Danish food market and using Danish NNCs. Specifically, we addressed a highly productive type of compound food names where the modifier denotes a geographical entity and the head denotes a type of food, e. g. Hawaii pizza. Our findings contribute new evidence to central issues of (cognitive) linguistic theory concerning the relations between semantics and pragmatics, as well as system and usage, and psycholinguistic issues concerning the processing of NNCs. New insights and methodological tools are also provided for supporting future best practices in the field of food naming and labelling.
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| 9. |
- Zlatev, Jordan, et al.
(författare)
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Bodily Mimesis and the Transition to Speech
- 2014
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Ingår i: The Evolution of Social Communication in Primates: A Multidisciplinary Approach. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2199-3068. - 9783319026688 - 9783319026695 ; 1, s. 165-178
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The chapter reviews evidence for the bodily mimesis hypothesis, which states that the evolution of language was preceded by an adaptation for improved volitional control of the body, giving our ancestors advantages in the domains of imitation, empathy, and gestural communication. Much of this evidence is also shared by other gesture-first theories of language origins, but they face the problem of explaining the "switch" from a gestural (proto) language to a spoken one. The bodily mimesis hypothesis fares better with this objection, since it (a) emphasizes the non-conventionality and non-systematicity of bodily mimetic signaling, (b) posits a long biocultural spiral of conventionalization and adaptation for speech, and (c) insists that the transition to speech should be seen as only partial. Following Brown (2012), a cognitive-semiotic explanation can further be given as to why speech has eventually taken on increasingly higher communicative load: Vocalization is intrinsically less capable of iconic representation, and given a multimodal gestural-vocal communicative signal, the vocal element is bound to eventually take on the role of symbolic representation, involving higher levels of conventionality and systematicity.
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| 10. |
- Zlatev, Jordan
(författare)
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Cognitive semiotics: an emerging field for the transdisciplinary study of meaning
- 2012
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Ingår i: The Public Journal of Semiotics. - 1918-9907. ; IV:1, s. 2-24
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article provides an overview of ongoing research and key characteristics of Cognitive Semiotics, an emerging field dedicated to the transdiciplinary study of meaning, involving above all researchers from semiotics, linguistics, developmental and comparative psychology and philosophy. The combination of the following features distinguishes it from other synthetic approaches: (a) integration of theoretical and empirical research; (b) ontological pluralism and methodological triangulation; (c) influence of phenomenology; (d) focus on dynamism and (e) the ambition of true transdisciplinarity. The ultimate goal of Cognitive Semiotics is to provide new insights into the nature and culture of human beings, as well as other meaning-making creatures.
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