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Sökning: WFRF:(da Luz H. N.) > (2022)

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1.
  • Costello, David M., et al. (författare)
  • Global patterns and controls of nutrient immobilization on decomposing cellulose in riverine ecosystems
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Global Biogeochemical Cycles. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0886-6236 .- 1944-9224. ; 36:3
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Microbes play a critical role in plant litter decomposition and influence the fate of carbon in rivers and riparian zones. When decomposing low-nutrient plant litter, microbes acquire nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from the environment (i.e., nutrient immobilization), and this process is potentially sensitive to nutrient loading and changing climate. Nonetheless, environmental controls on immobilization are poorly understood because rates are also influenced by plant litter chemistry, which is coupled to the same environmental factors. Here we used a standardized, low-nutrient organic matter substrate (cotton strips) to quantify nutrient immobilization at 100 paired stream and riparian sites representing 11 biomes worldwide. Immobilization rates varied by three orders of magnitude, were greater in rivers than riparian zones, and were strongly correlated to decomposition rates. In rivers, P immobilization rates were controlled by surface water phosphate concentrations, but N immobilization rates were not related to inorganic N. The N:P of immobilized nutrients was tightly constrained to a molar ratio of 10:1 despite wide variation in surface water N:P. Immobilization rates were temperature-dependent in riparian zones but not related to temperature in rivers. However, in rivers nutrient supply ultimately controlled whether microbes could achieve the maximum expected decomposition rate at a given temperature. Collectively, we demonstrated that exogenous nutrient supply and immobilization are critical control points for decomposition of organic matter.
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2.
  • Serra Filho, L. A., et al. (författare)
  • Double-GEM based thermal neutron detector prototype
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - : IOP Publishing Ltd. - 1748-0221 .- 1748-0221. ; 17:9
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The Helium-3 shortage and the growing interest in neutron science constitute a driving factor in developing new neutron detection technologies. In this work, we report the development of a double-GEM detector prototype that uses a (B4C)-B-10 layer as a neutron converter material. GEANT4 simulations were performed predicting an efficiency of (3.14 +/- 0.10)%, agreeing within 2.7 sigma with the experimental and analytic detection efficiencies obtained by the detector when tested in a 41.8 meV thermal neutron beam. The detector is position sensitive, equipped with a 256+256 strip readout connected to resistive chains, and achieves a spatial resolution better than 3 mm. The gain stability over time was also measured with a fluctuation of about 0.2% h(-1) of the signal amplitude. A simple data acquisition with only 5 electronic channels is sufficient to operate this detector.
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