1.
Petridou, Eleni Th., et al.
(författare)
In vitro fertilization and risk of childhood leukemia in Greece and Sweden
2012
Ingår i: Pediatric Blood & Cancer. - : Wiley. - 1545-5009 .- 1545-5017. ; 58:6, s. 930-936
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Background Cancer risk in children born after in vitro fertilization (IVF) remains largely unknown. We aimed to investigate risk of leukemia and lymphoma following IVF using two nationwide datasets. Methods. The hospital-based case-control study in Greece derived from the National Registry for Childhood Hematological Malignancies (1996-2008, 814 leukemia and 277 lymphoma incident cases with their 1: 1 matched controls). The Swedish casecontrol study was nested in the Swedish Medical Birth Register (MBR) (1995-2007, 520 leukemia and 71 lymphoma cases with their 5,200 and 710 matched controls) with ascertainment of incident cancer cases in the National Cancer Register. Study-specific and combined odds ratios (OR) were estimated using conditional logistic regression, with adjustment for possible risk factors. Results. Nationwide studies pointed to similar size excess risk of leukemia following IVF, but to a null association between IVF and lymphoma. The proportion of leukemia cases conceived through IVF was 3% in Greece and 2.7% in Sweden; prevalence of IVF in matched controls was 1.8% and 1.6%, respectively. In combined multivariable analyses, the increased risk of leukemia was confined to age below 3.8 years (OR 2.21; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.27-3.85) and to acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (OR 1.77; 95% CI: 1.062.95) with no sufficient evidence of excess risk for other leukemias (OR 1.34; 95% CI: 0.38-4.69). Following IVF, OR for ALL was 2.58 (95% CI: 1.37-4.84) before age 3.8 and 4.29 (95% CI: 1.4912.37) before age 2 years. Conclusions. IVF seems to be associated with increased risk of early onset ALL in the offspring.
2.
Bornehag, Carl-Gustaf, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
The SELMA study : a birth cohort study in Sweden following more than 2000 mother-child pairs
2012
Ingår i: Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology. - Hoboken, USA : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0269-5022 .- 1365-3016. ; 26:5, s. 456-467
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Background: This paper describes the background, aim and study design for the Swedish SELMA study that aimed to investigate the importance of early life exposure during pregnancy and infancy to environmental factors with a major focus on endocrine disrupting chemicals for multiple chronic diseases/disorders in offspring.Methods: The cohort was established by recruiting women in the 10th week of pregnancy. Blood and urine from the pregnant women and the child and air and dust from home environment from pregnancy and infancy period have been collected. Questionnaires were used to collect information on life styles, socio-economic status, living conditions, diet and medical history.Results: Of the 8394 reported pregnant women, 6658 were invited to participate in the study. Among the invited women, 2582 (39%) agreed to participate. Of the 4076 (61%) non-participants, 2091 women were invited to a non-respondent questionnaire in order to examine possible selection bias. We found a self-selection bias in the established cohort when compared with the non-participant group, e.g. participating families did smoke less (14% vs. 19%), had more frequent asthma and allergy symptoms in the family (58% vs. 38%), as well as higher education among the mothers (51% vs. 36%) and more often lived in single-family houses (67% vs. 60%).Conclusions: These findings indicate that the participating families do not fully represent the study population and thus, the exposure in this population. However, there is no obvious reason that this selection bias will have an impact on identification of environmental risk factors.
3.
Braem, Marieke G. M., et al.
(författare)
Multiple Miscarriages Are Associated with the Risk of Ovarian Cancer: Results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
2012
Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:5
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
While the risk of ovarian cancer clearly reduces with each full-term pregnancy, the effect of incomplete pregnancies is unclear. We investigated whether incomplete pregnancies (miscarriages and induced abortions) are associated with risk of epithelial ovarian cancer. This observational study was carried out in female participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). A total of 274,442 women were followed from 1992 until 2010. The baseline questionnaire elicited information on miscarriages and induced abortions, reproductive history, and lifestyle-related factors. During a median follow-up of 11.5 years, 1,035 women were diagnosed with incident epithelial ovarian cancer. Despite the lack of an overall association (ever vs. never), risk of ovarian cancer was higher among women with multiple incomplete pregnancies (HR >= 4vs.0: 1.74, 95% CI: 1.20-2.70; number of cases in this category: n = 23). This association was particularly evident for multiple miscarriages (HR >= 4vs.0: 1.99, 95% CI: 1.06-3.73; number of cases in this category: n = 10), with no significant association for multiple induced abortions (HR >= 4vs.0: 1.46, 95% CI: 0.68-3.14; number of cases in this category: n = 7). Our findings suggest that multiple miscarriages are associated with an increased risk of epithelial ovarian cancer, possibly through a shared cluster of etiological factors or a common underlying pathology. These findings should be interpreted with caution as this is the first study to show this association and given the small number of cases in the highest exposure categories.
4.
5.
Khalife, Natasha, et al.
(författare)
Prenatal Glucocorticoid Treatment and Later Mental Health in Children and Adolescents
2013
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:11, s. Art. no. e81394-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Background: Animal studies demonstrate a clear link between prenatal exposure to glucocorticoids (GC) and altered offspring brain development. We aim to examine whether prenatal GC exposure programs long-term mental health in humans. Methods: Using propensity-score-matching, children prenatally exposed to synthetic glucocorticoids (sGC), n=37, and controls, n=185, were balanced on important confounders related to sGC treatment - gestational age and pre-pregnancy BMI. We also used mixed-effects modeling to analyse the entire cohort - matching each sGC case, n=37, to all possible controls, n=6079, on gestational age and sex. We obtained data from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 at four waves - pregnancy, birth, 8 and 16 years. Data on pregnancy and birth outcomes came from medical records. Mental health was assessed at 8 years by teachers with the Rutter B2 scale, and at 16 years by parents with the Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD symptoms and Normal behavior (SWAN) scale and adolescents by the Youth Self-Report (YSR) scale. Results: Prenatal sGC treatment was consistently associated with adverse mental health in childhood and adolescence, as shown by both the propensity-score method and mixed-effects model. Using the propensity-score-matched subsample, linear multiple regression showed prenatal sGC was significantly linked with general psychiatric disturbance (B=8.34 [95% CI: .23-16.45]) and inattention (B=.97 [95% CI:. 16-1.80]) at 8 years after control for relevant confounders. Similar findings were obtained at 16 years, but did not reach statistical significance. Mediation by birthweight/placental weight was not detected. Conclusions: This study is the first to prospectively investigate the long-term associations between prenatal exposure to sGC treatment and mental health in children and adolescents. We report an association between prenatal exposure to sGC and child mental health, supportive of the idea that sGC has a programming effect on the fetal brain.
6.
Koubaa, S., et al.
(författare)
Retarded head growth and neurocognitive development in infants of mothers with a history of eating disorders: longitudinal cohort study
2013
Ingår i: Bjog-an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. - : Wiley. - 1470-0328 .- 1471-0528. ; 120:11, s. 1413-1422
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
ObjectiveTo characterise early growth and neurocognitive development in children of mothers with a history of eating disorders (ED). PopulationChildren born to mothers with previous ED (n=47) (24 anorexia nervosa, 20 bulimia nervosa, 3 unspecified ED), and controls (n=65). MethodsMean values and standard deviation scores of weight and height from birth to 5years of age and head circumference up to 18months of age were compared between groups. Neurocognitive development was studied at the age of 5years by the validated parent questionnaire Five to Fifteen. ResultsWe previously reported that mothers with a history of ED conceived infants with lower birthweight and head circumference than controls. At 3months of age, body mass index (BMI) was no longer reduced but mean head circumferences of the children born to mothers with ED were smaller throughout the observation period. Similarly, the longitudinal results of the standard deviation scores of head circumference showed a significant overall group effect with lower levels in both subgroups of ED (anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa). The children of the ED mothers also had significantly higher Five to Fifteen scores than controls, reflecting difficulties in language skills. Head circumference at birth correlated with language skills in the children of mothers with ED. ConclusionChildren of mothers with previous ED demonstrated an early catch-up in BMI, but the average head circumference continued to be delayed until at least 18months of age. The reduced head growth was related to delayed neurocognitive development.
7.
Lundgren, Pia, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
WINROP identifies severe retinopathy of prematurity at an early stage in a nation-based cohort of extremely preterm infants
2013
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - San Francisco : Public Library of Science, PLoS. - 1932-6203. ; 8:9
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the ability of a postnatal weight-gain algorithm (WINROP) to identify sight-threatening retinopathy of prematurity (ROP type 1) in a nation-based extremely preterm infant cohort.METHODS: This study enrolled all 707 live-born extremely preterm (gestational age [GA] <27 weeks) infants, born 2004-2007 in Sweden; the Extremely preterm Infants in Sweden Study (EXPRESS). WINROP analysis was performed retrospectively in 407 of the infants using weekly weight gain to assess the preterm infant's risk of developing ROP type 1 requiring treatment. GA, birthweight (BW), and weekly postnatal weight measurements were entered into WINROP. WINROP signals with an alarm to indicate if the preterm infant is at risk for ROP type 1.RESULTS: In this extremely preterm population, WINROP correctly identified 96% (45/47) of the infants who required treatment for ROP type 1. The median time from alarm to treatment was 9 weeks (range, 4-20 weeks).CONCLUSIONS: WINROP, an online surveillance system using weekly weight gain, identified extremely preterm infants at risk for ROP type 1 requiring treatment at an early stage and with high sensitivity in a Swedish nation-based cohort.
8.
9.
Wesström, Jan, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
Periodic Limb Movements are Associated with Vasomotor Symptoms
2014
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine (JCSM). - : American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM). - 1550-9389 .- 1550-9397. ; 10:1, s. 15-20
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Study objectives: Periodic limb movements (PLMs) are characterized by involuntary movements of the lower extremity during sleep. The etiology of PLM has been suggested to involve the dopaminergic system which, in turn, can be modulated by estrogen. It is currently unknown whether PLMs are associated with the menopausal transition and/or concomitant vasomotor symptoms. The aim of the present study was to examine if objectively-diagnosed PLMs (with and without arousals) are more common in postmenopausal women or in women with vasomotor symptoms. Another aim was to analyze the influence of PLMs on self-reported HRQoL.Methods: A community-based sample of 348 women underwent full-night polysomnography. PLMs (index > 15) and associated arousals (PLM arousal index > 5) were evaluated according to AASM scoring rules. Health related quality of life was measured using the SF-36 questionnaire. The occurrence of peri- and postmenopausal symptoms were evaluated by a questionnaire and plasma levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were measured.Results: After adjusting for confounding factors, vasomotor symptoms remained a significant explanatory factor for the occurrence of PLMs (adj. OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.03 - 3.37). In women with PLM arousals, adjusted OR for vasomotor symptoms was 1.61, 95% CI 0.76 – 3.42. PLMs did not seem to affect HRQoL.Conclusion: We found that clinically-significant PLMs, but not PLM with arousals, were more common among women with vasomotor symptoms, even after controlling for confounding factors. Menopausal status per se, as evidenced by FSH in the postmenopausal range, was not associated with PLMs.
10.
Wesström, Jan, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
Pre-pregnancy Restless Legs Syndrome (Willis-Ekbom Disease) Is Associated with Perinatal Depression
2014
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine (JCSM). - : American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM). - 1550-9389 .- 1550-9397. ; 10:5, s. 527-533
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Objectives: Both restless legs syndrome ([RLS], also known as Willis-Ekbom Disease [WED]) and depression are common during pregnancy. However, no prior studies have assessed if pregnant women with RLS have an elevated risk of depression during and/or after pregnancy.Methods: 1,428 women who were pregnant in gestational week 16-17 were asked to participate in a longitudinal survey. They were followed by web-based questionnaires in gestational week 17 and 32, and 6 weeks after delivery. Data were also retrieved from prenatal and birth records. Two different sets of criteria were used to examine the prevalence of RLS in the cohort (International Restless Legs Syndrome Society Group standard criteria and the later developed CH-RLSQ11 questionnaire). The latter questionnaire attempts to exclude those with common "mimics" of RLS.Results: Adjusted odds ratio for depression in gestational week 17, 32, and postpartum week 6 in relation to pre-pregnancy RLS onset and moderate to severe symptom severity were 4.74 (2.30 - 9.76), 3.67 (1.85 - 7.28), and 2.58 (1.28 - 5.21), respectively. No significant associations were seen in pregnant women with de novo RLS during pregnancy. When using the standard diagnostic RLS criteria and frequency of symptoms more than 2-3 days per week, the prevalence of RLS was 12.3%. With the CH-RLSQ11 questionnaire and the same threshold for frequency of symptoms the prevalence was 6.5%.Conclusion: Women with RLS onset before pregnancy with moderate or severe symptoms had an increased risk of both antenatal and postnatal depression. The self-reported prevalence of RLS during pregnancy is lower when a questionnaire dealing with "mimics" is used.
