| 1. |
- Strömland, Kerstin, 1934, et al.
(författare)
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Oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum: associated anomalies, functional deficits and possible developmental risk factors.
- 2007
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Ingår i: American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part A. - : Wiley. - 1552-4825 .- 1552-4833. ; 143A:12, s. 1317-1325
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Swedish patients with the oculo-auriculo-vertebral (OAV) spectrum participated in a prospective multidisciplinary investigation. The aims of the study were to describe their systemic and functional defects, especially autism spectrum disorders, and to search for possible etiologic risk factors. Available medical records were studied and the mothers answered a questionnaire on history of prenatal events. A clinical examination evaluating systemic findings, vision, hearing, speech, oral and swallowing function, and neuropsychiatric function, especially autism, was made. Eighteen patients, (11 males, 7 females) aged 8 months to 17 years with OAV were studied. Most frequent systemic malformations included, ear abnormalities (100%), ocular malformations (72%), vertebral deformities (67%), cerebral anomalies (50%), and congenital heart defects (33%). Functional defects consisted of hearing impairment (83%), visual impairment (28%), both visual and hearing impairment (28%), difficulties in feeding/eating (50%), speech (53%), mental retardation (39%), and severe autistic symptoms (11%). Three children were born following assisted fertilization (two intracytoplasmatic sperm injection, one in vitro fertilization), two mothers reported early bleedings, and six (33%) mothers had smoked during pregnancy.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Larsson, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Peripheral and central visual fields in 11-year-old children who had been born prematurely and at term
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus. - : SLACK, Inc.. - 0191-3913 .- 1938-2405. ; 41, s. 39-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To examine the peripheral and central visual fields in children who had been born prematurely and at term. METHODS: Four groups of 11-year-old children were examined: group 1 included 24 children who had been born at term (control group); group 2 included 20 children who had been born prematurely without ROP; group 3 included 22 children who had been born prematurely with untreated ROP (stages 2 and 3); and group 4 included 21 children who had been born prematurely and underwent cryotreatment for severe ROP. Their peripheral visual fields were examined with Goldmann perimetry. Static high-pass resolution perimetry was used to evaluate their central visual fields within 30 degrees. RESULTS: The peripheral visual fields were constricted in children who had undergone cryotreatment (group 4), as compared with the other groups (1 to 3). We found no difference between the groups of children who had been born prematurely with or without ROP (groups 2 and 3) and the control group. The function of the central visual fields, expressed as neural capacity, was reduced in the children who had been born prematurely compared with the controls, significantly in their left eyes only. The children who underwent cryotreament did not differ from the other children who had been born prematurely in this respect. CONCLUSIONS: The peripheral visual fields were constricted in children who had undergone cryotreatment. It is uncertain whether this was caused by the treatment or by severe ROP. The central visual fields showed a tendency of reduced neural capacity in the children who had been born prematurely, reflecting a reduced density of retinocortical neural channels. However, this was not related to ROP or cryotreatment.
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| 4. |
- Borgquist, Ola, et al.
(författare)
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Tissue Ingrowth Into Foam but Not Into Gauze During Negative Pressure Wound Therapy
- 2009
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Ingår i: Wounds. - 1044-7946. ; 21:11, s. 302-309
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Foam and gauze are two types of wound fillers used for negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT). Differences in the wound healing effects of foam and gauze have been observed clinically. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of NPWT on the wound bed using foam and gauze. Methods. A porcine peripheral wound model was treated with NPWT at 0, -75 mmHg, or -125 mmHg for 72 hours. The effects of foam and gauze on the wound bed were compared, and the force required to remove the dressings was measured. Sections of biopsies from the wound bed with an overlying dressing were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Giemsa and were examined histologically. Results. The force ratio needed to remove the wound filler from the wound bed after treatment with negative pressure was greater for foam than for gauze. NPWT caused the wound bed tissue to grow into the foam, while there was I no such ingrowth into gauze. Furthermore, beneath the foam there was more leukocyte infiltration, tissue disorganization, disruption of contact among cells, and differences in size among cells. The results were similar regardless of the level of negative pressure. Conclusion. More force was required to remove foam compared to gauze following NPWT, which may have been due to greater ingrowth into foam. These findings may explain the patient discomfort and wound bed disruption upon removal of foam. The observed differences in wound bed tissue morphology under foam and gauze are in accordance with the clinically observed differences in quality of granulation tissue formation.
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| 5. |
- Mokhtari, Arash, et al.
(författare)
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Haemodynamic effects of -75 mmHg negative pressure therapy in a porcine sternotomy wound model.
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Wound Journal. - 1742-481X. ; 6:1, s. 48-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research has shown -125 mmHg to be the optimal negative pressure for creating an environment that promotes wound healing, and this has therefore been adopted as a standard pressure for patients with deep sternal wound infection. However, it has not yet been clearly shown that -125 mmHg is the optimal pressure from a haemodynamic point of view. Furthermore, there have been reports of cardiac rupture during -125 mmHg negative pressure therapy. We therefore studied the effects of a lower pressure: -75 mmHg. Twelve pigs were used. After median sternotomy, sealed negative pressure therapy of -75 mmHg was applied. Baseline measurements were made and continuous recording of the cardiac output, end-tidal CO(2) production, mean arterial pressure, mean pulmonary pressure (pulmonary artery pressure), systemic vascular resistance, pulmonary vascular resistance, left atrial pressure and central venous pressure was started. Six pigs served as controls. No statistically significant difference was observed in any of the haemodynamic parameters studied, compared with the controls. The present study shows that, with a suitable foam application technique, -75 mmHg can be applied without compromising the central haemodynamics.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Martin, Lene, et al.
(författare)
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Visual function in young adults following intrauterine growth retardation
- 2004
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Ingår i: J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. - : SLACK, Inc.. ; 41:4, s. 212-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) resulting in infants born small for gestational age is a known risk factor for neurologic deficits and may predispose to poor cognitive development later in life. We recently found an association between IUGR and a reduced neuroretinal rim area at 18 years of age. We evaluated the possible association between IUGR and visual function. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We studied 26 subjects who had been born small for gestational age and 20 subjects whose birth weights were appropriate for gestational age (controls) using letter acuity thresholds, color vision testing, full-threshold frequency doubling technology perimetry, and rarebit perimetry at 18 years of age. gestational age had a rarebit hit rate below the normal range as compared with none of the controls (P = .006). These 8 subjects had a significantly smaller rim-disc ratio compared with the subjects who were small for gestational age who had a normal rarebit hit rate (P = .047). The frequency doubling technology indices did not differ significantly between the control group and the group that was small for gestational age, nor did the visual acuity, refraction, and color vision test results. CONCLUSION: These data indicate that IUGR is associated with an increased rate of impaired visual function, which can be detected by using rarebit perimetry but not frequency doubling technology perimetry, visual acuity, or color vision tests.
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| 8. |
- Malmer, L, et al.
(författare)
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Microdot test of foveal function. A comparison with visual acuity at high and low contrast
- 2005
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Ingår i: Ophthalmic & physiological optics. - : Wiley. - 0275-5408 .- 1475-1313. ; 25:2, s. 81-86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To define normal values across age from novel computerized tests of foveal vision and to compare the findings with visual acuity (VA) at high and low contrast. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Sixty-one healthy volunteers, aged 22-87, with subjectively normal vision participated in the study. The right eye from each subject was tested with Snellen letter VA at high contrast, at 10% contrast using the Tri-VA test and with the Rarebit Microdot Fovea Test (RMFT), in addition to biomicroscopy and fundus examination. RESULTS: The median letter VA was 0.77 minimum angle of resolution (MAR; range 0.63-1.54) with a significant decline in letter VA with increasing age (r = 0.7, p < 0.001). The median Tri-VA resolution threshold at 10% contrast was 1.8 MAR (range 0.9-4.1) and a significant age effect (r = 0.7) was observed, most pronounced above 65 years. The median RMFT hit rate was 100% (range 97-100) in the age group below 65 years and 87.5% (range 34-98) in subjects older than 65 years. CONCLUSION: The study shows a decline in foveal function with age with all three methods, reflecting the loss of neural detectors with increasing age. The hit rate to microdot stimuli appears to be a sensitive measure, which can be used for fine-graded evaluation of foveal function.
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| 9. |
- Sjögren, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Vacuum-assisted closure therapy for deep sternal wound infections: the impact of learning curve on survival and predictors for late mortality.
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Wound Journal. - 1742-481X. ; 5:2, s. 216-223
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible learning curve effects on survival during the introduction of vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) therapy in patients with deep sternal wound infection (DSWI). Furthermore, predictors of late mortality were analysed and causes of late death were examined. Fifty-three patients (early Group, n = 26, January 1999 to July 2001 versus late group, n = 27, August 2001 to March 2003) were all treated with VAC for DSWI. A follow-up was carried out in September 2006. Multivariate analyses were used to evaluate the predictors of late mortality. The 90-day mortality was 0% in both groups. The survival rates at 5 years were 69.2 +/- 9.1% (early group) versus 58.5 +/- 11.7% (late group), P = ns (non significant). The time interval from cardiac surgery to diagnosis of DSWI and prolonged VAC therapy were identified as independent predictors of late mortality. Our concept for VAC therapy in DSWI seems to be readily introduced in clinical practice. There was no difference in survival between our initial cases and later cases. Late diagnosis and prolonged wound therapy were identified as predictors for late mortality.
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| 10. |
- Cardiakidis Myers, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Rifabutin accumulates in the lens and reduces retinal function in the rabbit eye
- 2009
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Ingår i: Retina. - 0275-004X. ; 29:1, s. 106-111
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To study the toxicology of rifabutin in the rabbit eye with emphasis on retinal function and histopathology.METHODS: Seven rabbits received a daily dose of rifabutin during 15 months. Six rabbits receiving only the vehicle were used as controls. Repeated standardized full-field electroretinograms (ERG) were assessed. After discontinuing treatment, the rabbits were killed and the cornea, the lens, and the sectioned retina was studied. Immunhistochemistry directed against vimentin, glial fibrillaryacidic protein (GFAP), protein kinase C (PKC), and peanut agglutinin (PNA) was performed.RESULTS: Rifabutin was detected in serum of the treated rabbits. During treatment, the full-field ERG demonstrated significantly reduced b-wave amplitudes in the total rod-cone response as well as in the isolated rod and cone response compared with the recordings before treatment. The control rabbits did not demonstrate a reduction of the ERG amplitudes. The treated rabbits developed a discoloration of the lens, not seen in the control group. No retinal pathology was demonstrated using immunohistochemical methods.CONCLUSION: Rifabutin causes a discoloration of the lens and reduces both rod and cone function in rabbits, but does not alter retinal morphology. Previous reports on ocular side effects caused by rifabutin are supported by the results of this study.
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