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- Strandh, Mattias, 1970-
(författare)
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Varying unemployment experiences? : the economy and mental well-being
- 2000
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- From being an unemployment success story, Sweden was during the 1990s thrown into a European normality, with apparent high and persistent unemployment. This has made unemployment a central issue in the Swedish public debate as a social problem directly affecting hundreds of thousands of individuals. In the public debate there is however no consensus on what characterises the experience of unemployment. One perspective emphasises the role of employment for self-realisation. Unemployment here becomes a very destructive experience, due to the psychosocial value attached to employment. An alternative perspective instead views employment as a necessary evil that brings little satisfaction to those who participate in it. From this perspective unemployment mean very little to those struck by it outside the possible negative effects on income (which are minimised by the welfare state).The objective of this thesis has been to move beyond the postulated truths of what the experience of unemployment means. It uses an empirical approach in order to investigate the consequences of unemployment for mental well-being, and to develop an understanding of the reasons for this relationship.The following conclusions can be drawn from the five articles that make up the thesis. In line with previous international and Swedish research, the thesis shows that unemployment as compared to employment is in general a distressing experience. This does however not mean that we can draw the simple conclusion that unemployment represents misery and employment represents the absence of misery. The thesis finds the relationship to be more complex than so. There is a need to take into account more of the possible variations in status available both on and outside the labour market. Different exit routes from unemployment were found to have different consequences for the mental well-being of the unemployed individual. Further, the evidence in the thesis shows that there is variation in the impact of unemployment on mental well-being within the unemployment group. We should, thus, not talk about the experience of unemployment, but rather about varying unemployment experiences.The general effect of unemployment on mental well-being, and the variation in the unemployment experience, was in turn shown to be mainly dependent on two factors. Firstly on the psychosocial need for employment in a society where employment is the norm. Secondly, on the economic need for employment in a society where employment, as the thesis also shows, for many still is necessary for adequate economic resources.
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| 2. |
- Bengs, Carita, 1964-
(författare)
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Looking good : a study of gendered body ideals among young people
- 2000
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The main objective of this thesis is to study how social and cultural norms regarding body and appearance are perceived and interpreted by young people. This is done by studying both how these perceptions affect young people and how the body is controlled and altered through practices such as dieting, exercise, plastic surgery and the use of steroids. Another question raised in the study concerns important sources of influence for how one's own body is perceived. The study is based on a questionnaire distributed to 167 young girls and boys aged 13,15 and 17.The theoretical framework includes both general theories of the body and gender perspectives. Four themes have been applied in order to capture central and important aspects of the ideal body. These are; the problematic body, the controlled body, the commodified body and the social body. These themes are all related both to gender and to the portrayal of bodies in mass media.The main conclusion is that the body matters very much to many young people today, both their own perceptions of it and what others think of it. The perceptions of one's own body is also very much gendered. Many girls have internalised a fragmented and problematised way of looking at their bodies. They report a greater dissatisfaction with their bodies than do boys. Size and shape are regarded as particularly problematic and a small and slim body is preferred. Girls are also frequently engaged in practices to alter and control their bodies and are more concerned with the state of their own bodies and how others' view them. Boys expressed a greater satisfaction with their bodies. Their dissatisfaction is primarily focused on height and weight and indicates a desire to become bigger and taller. Exercise is the prime way for boys to alter their bodies. However, their own bodies are not as problematic as for girls; instead they seem to be more concerned with others' bodies. Friends, together with mass media (particularly visual media and magazines), are regarded as the strongest source of influence on how the respondents (both girls and boys) perceive their bodies.Age differences are also found. Girls display a tendency to be more dissatisfied with and be more involved in practices to alter the body the older they are. Boys display the reverse situation. The largest differences can therefore be found among the oldest. The influence of friends and media tend also to be perceived as more important among the oldest.
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| 4. |
- Haas, Tigran, 1969-
(författare)
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Ethnic Conflict and the Right to Return of Limbo Disaporas : Multifaceted Reflections on the Case of BiH
- 2004
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Ingår i: Migration and Ethnic Studies (Migracijske i Etničke Teme). - Zagreb : Institute for Migration and Ethnic Studies. - 1333-2546 .- 1848-9184. ; 20:1, s. 29-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines the phenomenon of refugees and resettled persons in the process of forcedmigrations in the aftermath of man-made disasters. Although some of the ideas presented here couldhave wider application, the focus is on post-conflict zones within the former Yugoslavia, namely BiH.The paper uses the questions of ethnicity and nationalism within resettlement, dislocation and immigrationas a backdrop, into which the issue of globalization is also briefly reflected. The intention hereis not to cover a wide range of pressing topics, but simply to relate a number of issues arising in contemporarylarge-scale forced migrations to a resurgence of cultural specificity and ethnicized nationalismas counterpoints to globalization. The paper introduces the concept of “limbo diasporas” in the caseof Bosnian refugees in Sweden through reflection and linkage with the aforementioned concepts. Thepaper ends with some recommendations and open questions on social rehabilitation and ethnic healingas well as some general conclusions.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Bengt-Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Framtiden blev vår : 101 sjuttiotalister följda under sina 25 första år
- 2002
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Svenska barn har det generellt sett mycket bra. Ändå vet vi att en del individer drabbas av större sårbarhet och sämre utveckling. Går det att identifiera vilka faktorer under barns och ungdomars uppväxt det är som verkar uppbyggande repktive nedbrytande? Vilken betydelse har förskolan och skolan? Familjeförhållanden? I denna andra rapport fokuserar författarna på 101 barns utvecklingsgång under hela livsperioden 1-25 år och utvecklingsprocessens betydelse för dem som unga vuxna.
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| 6. |
- Andersson, Bengt-Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Skolan, familjen och framtiden : social sårbarhet hos unga
- 2001
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Hur går det i livet för unga människor som upplevt misslyckanden i skolan? I denna första rapport från FABASKO-projektet analyseras enkätmaterial från en stor grupp 25-åringar. Ungdomarna besvarade första gången enkäter när de var 18 år gamla och gick på gymnsiet.Syftet är att få en bild av hur dessa unga vuxna anpassat sig till sin vuxenroll och till samhällets krav på dem. Författarna försöker också ta reda på om vissa av dem kan antas vara mer utsatta än andra och se vad som karaktäriserar denna grupp.
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| 7. |
- Anund, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Barn i bil - socioekonomiska faktorer : litteratur- och enkätstudie
- 2003
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of the study was to identify relationships between no use/misuse of safety belt/child restraints and socio-economic aspects. The conclusions from the study will provide a basis for the future development of information and campaigns to increase the correct use of restraints. The study consisted of two parts: a literature review and a questionnaire. The questionnaire was sent to a random sample of 2,010 parents of children aged 2 months–9 years. The response rate was about 70 per cent. The level of misuse among small children was lower than among older children and lower in the family car compared with the overall situation. Parents who neglected to use the safety belts themselves were more likely to be careless in ensuring that the child used recommended restraint. The results also indicated that parents who were more likely to act in contradiction with rules and recommendation concerning use of restraints were also more likely to allow their children to travel without safety belts.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Eek, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of distributive goals on choices of allocation principles in a public-good dilemma
- 2004
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Ingår i: Paper presented at The 10th conference of the international society for justice research (ISJR), Regina, Canada.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Extending previous research on the role of fairness in social dilemmas, two experiments investigated allocation preferences in public good dilemmas. In Experiment 1, fairness conceptions were a significant predictor of how participants allocated the public good to their group. Experiment 2 aimed at studying the impact of distributive goals on allocation preferences. Participants were assigned to one of three conditions in which the different goals were induced. As hypothesized, the different goals affected which allocation principle the groups used to allocate the resource. These findings suggest that people in a public good dilemma apply the allocation principle that serves a particular group goal, even though this may interfere with their perceptions of fair allocations
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