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Träfflista för sökning "hsv:(SOCIAL SCIENCES) hsv:(Educational Sciences) srt2:(1950-1979)"

Sökning: hsv:(SOCIAL SCIENCES) hsv:(Educational Sciences) > (1950-1979)

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  • Hallengren, Anders, 1950- (författare)
  • Invandrarbarnens problem
  • 1976
  • Ingår i: Svensk Tidskrift. - 0039-677X. ; 63:1, s. 36-42
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Det är vanligen den andra generationen av invandrarna som har de största svårigheterna att finna sig till rätta i samhället. Barnen kläms mellan föräldrarnas kultur och den i vilken de nu skall uppfostras, och segregationen fördjupar problematiken. Utbildningssystemet snarare än invandrarna måste anpassas och läggas om på internationell vetenskaplig grund där specialundervisning och flerspråkighet gynnas.
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  • Backman, Jarl, 1941- (författare)
  • Perception of polysemy
  • 1978
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • A seldom expressed assumption in word comprehension studies, that words have invariant semantic qualities, was tested in three experiments. The first experiment showed that subjects produced different interpretations from polysemous words. There always, however, seemed to be a most frequent representation. In the second experiment subjects rated degree of polysemy and a striking jump was found in the transition from two to three meanings in a polysemous word. The third experiment also tested perceived degree of polysemy but with the additionof objective frequency and syntactic category as independent variables. A theoretically predicted tripleinteraction was confirmed. It is conecluded that the phenomenon of polysemy has to bee incorporated in research on word perception and comprehension. Theoretical alternatiwes for representation of polysemous and homonymous words are presented. The invariance hypothesisin word comprehension is finally recommended to be substitutedby a variance hypothesis.
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  • Backman, Jarl, 1941- (författare)
  • Reading comprehension and perceived comprehensibility of lexical density at discourse and sentence level
  • 1976
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • A text was varied in three levels with regard to lexical density (LD=the qouta lexical words/total amounts of words in a sentence). One hundred and thirty-two subjects comprehension of text (discourse comprehension) was tested by a knowledge test and by subjective ratings. From the same text were also sampled 10 sentences of which each varied in the same density levels and were judged in the same comprehension scale as the whole text (sentence comprehension). The discourse analysis gave no differential effects of comprehension defined via knowledge tests and ratings. The single-sentence analysis gave significant contrasts between different LD-levels for 7 of 10 sentences. In a factorial analysis a significant interaction effect between LD and sentence was obtained. The discrepancy between discourse comprehension and sentence comprehension was interpreted so that the subjects in the latter case were oriented towards non-lexical factors, one of the reasons beeing lack of context. Implications for reading research are finally discussed.)
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9.
  • Backman, Jarl, 1941- (författare)
  • Semantic variability and word comprehension
  • 1978
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Four different age groups (9, 12, 15 and 18 years) judged words which varied in three dimensions: syn­tactic category, objective frequency and polysemy (multiple meaning). The subjects judged ease of com­prehension of 24 words in a factorial arrangement, and the method was Thurstone's paired comparisons.A predicted complex relationship between the three independent variables e.g. a triple interaction could, however, not be supported. Subjects in older ages did not seem to have a finer discrimination ability for words with different degrees of polysemy It was concluded that the phenomenon of polysemy has to be incorporated in research on word comprehension This approach avoids the current normative approach and leads to a more relevant starting-point where semantic invariance must be substituted for semantic variability.
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10.
  • Backman, Jarl, 1941- (författare)
  • Sentence production with homonymous and polysemous words
  • 1978
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Forty subjects produced sentences from homonymous words which could be interpreted either as verbs or nouns. The words also varied in degree of poly­semy. The results indicated that the subjects pre- fered verbproductions when the words were grouped according to objective frequency. This was more evident when the choice of syntactic category was related to the words polysemous character. The results were explained by a presumed easier access and a larger number of entries in the subjective lexicon for verbs, caused by their relational charac ter and context dependence. The nouns on the other hand are semantically more stable and an increase in degree of polysemy restricts access to a speci­fic interpretation.
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