| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Hägerhäll, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
-
Human physiological benefits of viewing nature: EEG responses to exact and statistical fractal patterns.
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Nonlinear Dynamics, Psychology, and Life Sciences. - 1090-0578. ; 19:1, s. 1-12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Psychological and physiological benefits of viewing nature have been extensively studied for some time. More recently it has been suggested that some of these positive effects can be explained by nature's fractal properties. Virtually all studies on human responses to fractals have used stimuli that represent the specific form of fractal geometry found in nature, i.e. statistical fractals, as opposed to fractal patterns which repeat exactly at different scales. This raises the question of whether human responses like preference and relaxation are being driven by fractal geometry in general or by the specific form of fractal geometry found in nature. In this study we consider both types of fractals (statistical and exact) and morph one type into the other. Based on the Koch curve, nine visual stimuli were produced in which curves of three different fractal dimensions evolve gradually from an exact to a statistical fractal. The patterns were shown for one minute each to thirty-five subjects while qEEG was continuously recorded. The results showed that the responses to statistical and exact fractals differ, and that the natural form of the fractal is important for inducing alpha responses, an indicator of a wakefully relaxed state and internalized attention.
|
|
| 3. |
- Martins Silva Ramos, Érika, 1991, et al.
(författare)
-
An empirical investigation of attitudes towards daily commuting transportation: the impacts of travel satisfaction, driving habits and social desirability.
- 2018
-
Ingår i: The 29th International Congress of Applied Psychology, June 26-30, Montréal, Canada.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background/Rational Every day people decide how to travel to their out-of-home activities. What is important for them when choosing the mode of transportation? Are those things predictors of attitudes towards modes of transportation along with driving habits and satisfaction with daily travel? Does being more or less satisfied affect people’s attitudes? Method A survey was mailed to a sample of 3,000 Swedish residents in rural, semi-rural and urban areas. The questionnaire consisted of four sections: driving habits, satisfaction, important aspects when choosing mode of daily commuting and socio-demographics measurements. Results Factor analysis was conducted regarding “satisfaction with daily commuting”, “important aspects for mode choice of commuting” and “driving habits” (KMO = .74; .76; 79, respectively). The retained factors were used in multiple regressions analyses as predictors of attitudes towards car, public transport and bike (R2 = .32; .11; .16, respectively). Conclusions “Driving habits” was the main predictor for attitudes towards car while “socially desirable aspects” was the most important factor to predict attitudes towards public transport and bike. Living in big cities negatively affected attitudes toward car and satisfaction with daily commuting was a minor predictor for all modes of transportation. Action/Impact Attitudes towards modes of commuting are predicted by people’s habits and what they value as important when commuting. Knowing what they value when choosing modes of transportation gives support to implement accurate and effective interventions, policies and new services that promote sustainability in transportation.
|
|
| 4. |
- Viktorelius, Martin, et al.
(författare)
-
Energy efficiency at sea : An activity theoretical perspective on operational energy efficiency in maritime transport
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Energy Research & Social Science. - : Elsevier. - 2214-6296 .- 2214-6326. ; 52, s. 1-9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mitigation of emission from shipping will require improvements in energy efficiency. In order to achieve this, sociotechnical changes are required, affecting all stakeholders within the shipping sector. Ship crews and their everyday work practices will play an especially important role in the transformation of the sector. It is therefore crucial to understand how new energy efficient technologies and practices are being introduced and enacted onboard ships. The case study reported in this paper investigates an attempt to improve the operational energy efficiency in a shipping company that was made by installing an energy monitoring system and introducing an energy saving policy onboard the ships in the fleet. The analytical framework in this paper is inspired by cultural-historical activity theory which is suggested as a novel and useful practice-based approach in energy studies. It is used in analyzing the contradictions and tensions in the work practices onboard the ships that preceded and followed the implementation of the energy monitoring system and energy saving policy. The empirical results revealed how the initial demand for operational energy efficiency and the subsequent introduction of the new monitoring system and policy gave rise to tensions in the existing activity systems onboard which crew members then tried, but did not always manage, to reconcile. It is concluded that a better understanding of the sociotechnical change processes, associated with organizational energy conservation and energy management, can be achieved if the situated paradoxes of practitioners’ everyday practices are examined.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Rylander, Pär, 1973, et al.
(författare)
-
The specificity versus generality of ball-handling skills – Empirical evidence for a general ball-handling ability
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Human Movement Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-7646 .- 0167-9457. ; 66, s. 477-486
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to investigate if ball-handling skills are specific and uncorrelated (i.e., motor specificity), or if they share an underlying ball-handling ability (i.e., motor generality). To empirically investigate this question, we had a sample of 201 adolescents perform 12 novel ball-handling tasks. Using confirmatory factor analysis, we showed that a model based on the assumptions of the generality perspective was superior to a model based on assumptions of specificity. The general ball-handling factor did significantly influence the performance on all 12 tasks, with factor loadings ranging between 0.39 and 0.79. The results and it's practical implications are discussed in relation to development of sport specific skills.
|
|
| 7. |
- Haas, Linda, et al.
(författare)
-
Policy is not enough : the influence of the gendered workplace on fathers' use of parental leave in Sweden
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Community, Work and Family. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1366-8803 .- 1469-3615. ; 22:1, s. 58-76
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Paid parental leave for fathers is a promising social policy tool for degendering the division of labor for childcare. Swedish fathers have had the right to paid parental leave since 1974, but they take only one-fourth of leave days parents take. There are strong cultural norms supporting involved fatherhood, so couples typically want to share leave more than they do. This article explores how workplaces can constrain Swedish fathers' use of state leave policy, in ways that fathers can take for granted, a topic that has received less attention than individual or family-related obstacles. Based on interviews with 56 employees in five large private companies, we found that masculine workplace norms can make it difficult for fathers to choose to take much leave, while aspects of traditional workplace structure building on these norms can negatively affect fathers' capabilities of taking much leave. Workplace culture and structure seemed to be based on assumptions that the ideal worker should prioritize work and has limited caregiving responsibilities, setting limits to fathers' ability to share leave with mothers. Gender theorists suggest such assumptions persist because of male dominance at the workplace and the endurance of gendered assumptions about the roles of men and women.
|
|
| 8. |
- Kadefors, Roland, 1939, et al.
(författare)
-
Attitudes Among Male and Female University Professors, and other Categories of University Employees, to Working up to and Beyond Normal Retirement Age
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies. - : Det Kgl. Bibliotek/Royal Danish Library. - 2245-0157. ; 6:1, s. 133-146
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A study was undertaken in order to identify variables predicting the willingness of male and female university professors, and other employment categories, to work up to and beyond normal retirement age (65 years). Employees were asked by means of a questionnaire about their willingness to continue working to age 67, or to age 70, if they were given the chance. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was carried out (N=3019; 59.8 % women and 40.2 % men). The interest to continue working into old age was significantly higher in men than in women p<0.01). Among independent variables, age, position and work satisfaction predicted women’s as well as men’s interest to work to age 67 and 70, whereas among women also perceived health predicted the willingness to work to age 67. Professors and lecturers were the categories showing the highest interest to work to age 70, compared to administrative and technical personnel; men showed significantly higher interest than women among lecturers and administrative personnel. The study emphasizes the effects of position and gender on willingness to continue working into old age, but identifies in addition also work satisfaction and age as significant predictors.
|
|
| 9. |
- Viktorelius, Martin
(författare)
-
The Human and Social Dimension of Energy Efficient Ship Operation
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Trends and Challenges in Maritime Energy Management. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319745756 - 9783319745763 ; , s. 341-350
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The human and social dimension of energy efficient ship operation has been recognized as crucial for the mitigation of emissions from ships. The success of future energy management in the maritime sector is, therefore, likely to depend on operators’, managers’ and policymakers’ understanding of how to address the human and social dimension. However, few studies have investigated the nature of the knowledge, skill and expertise required for efficient voyage execution. The paper is based on a qualitative case study identifying and analysing a number of themes related to the acquisition and development of the capability and competence relevant for energy efficient ship handling. The paper argues for the importance of acknowledging collective tacit knowledge and the socio-material context in which such knowledge is developed. It is argued that this perspective can contribute to widening the debate on policy and management of maritime energy efficiency.
|
|
| 10. |
- Ahmad Termida, Nursitihazlin, 1981-
(författare)
-
Understanding Individuals' Learning and Decision Processes in a Changing Environment by Using Panel Data
- 2017
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- When a new transport service is introduced, people have to learn and familiarize themselves with the new service before they decide to adopt it. These processes are developed over time, thus produce dynamics in individuals’ behavioural responses towards the service. This affects the demand of the new service, thus affect revenues. Available studies have examined the factors influencing these responses from microeconomic perspectives. The influence of the theory-based subjective factors has not been examined empirically. Understanding these would assist transport and urban planners to design a better marketing strategy to increase the market share of the new service. A change in seasons affect individuals’ activity-travel decisions, thus produce dynamics in activitytravel patterns in different seasons. Individuals’ constraints, in a form of mandatory activities (working/studying), are influencing individuals’ decisions to participate in day-to-day nonmandatory activities (leisure and routine activities). The interdependency between travel demand, time allocation and mode choice that considers interactions between mandatory and non-mandatory activities, in different seasons is less explored. Understanding these would assist transport planners and operators to manage travel demand strategies across different seasons of the year and provide better transportation systems for all individuals. This thesis includes five papers. Paper I explores individuals’ characteristics of the quick-response and the adopters of the new public transport (PT) service and examines the temporal effects. Paper II investigates the subjective factors influencing a quick-response to the new PT service by proposing a modified attitude-behaviour framework. Paper III and IV analyse the effects of seasonal variations and individuals’ constraints on their day-to-day activity-travel decisions and patterns. Paper V analyses the attrition and fatigue in the two-week travel diary panel survey instrument.
|
|
