| 1. |
- Wu, Xue, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Ammonium recovery from reject water combined with hydrogen production in a bioelectrochemical reactor
- 2013
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Ingår i: Bioresource Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0960-8524 .- 1873-2976. ; 146, s. 530-536
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, a bioelectrochemical reactor was investigated for simultaneous hydrogen production and ammonium recovery from reject water, which is an ammonium-rich side-stream produced from sludge treatment processes at wastewater treatment plants. In the anode chamber of the reactor, microorganisms converted organic material into electrical current. The electrical current was used to generate hydrogen gas at the cathode with 96±6% efficiency. Real or synthetic reject water was fed to the cathode chamber where proton reduction into hydrogen gas resulted in a pH increase which led to ammonium being converted into volatile ammonia. The ammonia could be stripped from the solution and recovered in acid. Overall, ammonium recovery efficiencies reached 94% with synthetic reject water and 79% with real reject water. This process could potentially be used to make wastewater treatment plants more resource-efficient and further research is warranted.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Hai, Faisal Ibney, et al.
(författare)
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Application of membrane technology for the development of sustainable biotechnology processes
- 2013
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Ingår i: Membrane Processes for Sustainable Growth. ; , s. 193-224
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The scope of application of membranes in biotechnology has widened significantly in the recent years. Although many of the membrane options are yet to achieve wide industrial applications, they show tremendous potential for the transformation and synthesis of value-added products, energy production, therapeutic applications and environmental remediation. This chapter provides an overview of membrane applications in selected established and emerging biotechnology processes. Approaches to overcoming the technology bottlenecks that impede the scale-up of such systems have been discussed in this chapter.
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| 4. |
- Hai, Faisal Ibney, et al.
(författare)
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Biocatalytic membrane reactors for the removal of recalcitrant and emerging pollutants from wastewater
- 2013
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Ingår i: Handbook of Membrane Reactors Volume 2: Reactor types and industrial applications. - : Elsevier. ; , s. 763-807
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The potential fields of application of the biocatalytic membrane reactors have widened considerably in the recent years. Although biocatalytic membrane reactors, in general, are yet to achieve broad industrial applications, in the not too far future, they are expected to play a major role not only for the production, transformation and valorization of raw materials but also for environmental remediations. This chapter comprehensively reviews the laboratory scale studies which demonstrate the potential of biocatalytic membrane reactors in wastewater treatment applications. Studies reported in the literature, however, serves as proof of concept only. Issues that need to be addressed in order to achieve scale-up of such systems have been discussed in this chapter.
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| 5. |
- Bodlund, Ida, 1983-
(författare)
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Coagulant Protein from plant materials: Potential Water Treatment Agent
- 2013
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Access to fresh water is a human right, yet more than 780 million people, especially in rural areas, rely on unimproved sources and the need for finding ways of treating water is crucial. Although the use of natural coagulant protein in drinking water treatment has been discussed for a long time, the method is still not in practice, probably due to availability of material and limited knowledge. In this study, about hundred different crude extracts made from plant materials found in Southern India were screened for coagulation activity. Extracts of three Brassica species (Mustard, Cabbage and Cauliflower) were showing activity comparable to that of Moringa oleifera and were further investigated. Their protein content and profile were compared against each other and with coagulant protein from Moringa. Mustard (large) and Moringa seed proteins were also studied for their effect against clinically isolated bacterial strains. The protein profiles of Brassica extract showed predominant bands around 9kDa and 6.5kDa by SDS-PAGE. The peptide sequence analysis of Mustard large identified the 6.5kDa protein as Moringa coagulant protein (MO2.1) and the 9kDa protein band as seed storage protein napin3. Of thirteen clinical strains analysed, Moringa and Mustard large were proven effective in either aggregation activity or growth kinetic method or both in all thirteen and nine strains respectively. To my knowledge this is the first report on the presence of coagulant protein in Brassica seeds. Owing to the promising results Brassica species could possibly be used as a substitute to Moringa coagulating agent and chemicals in drinking water treatment.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Knutsson, Pavleta, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Phycoremediation of heavy metals in ashes
- 2014
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Ingår i: Chalmers Life Science Area of Advance Meeting, May 5, Göteborg.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A growing problem in today’s society is the increasing amount of ash from the production of electricity and heat. Ash contains heavy metals that may be harmful to the environment. By using algae as ion exchangers, the ashes can be purified from certain heavy metals before deposit and its environmental impact is decreased [1]. Algal cell wall contains functional groups, such as amino-, carboxyl-, hydroxyl- and suphate groups, to which the various metal ions can bind bind [3]. An ion exchange of bound metal ions toward heavy metal ions can occur when the cell wall comes in contact with, for example, leachate from the ashes [1]. The process of using algae for environmental remediation is called phycoremediation.Within this project, we study the potential of microalgae for remediating ash from heavy metals, by measuring the metal binding capacity by three phytoplankton species: Chlorella salina, Dunaliella salina and Scendesmus obliquus. The heavy metals assayed are divalent ions of mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn). The effect of pH has been investigated as well as total binding over time. To apply the method on a more authentic situation, the binding of metals from combustion ash was investigated.
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| 8. |
- Modin, Oskar, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Bioelectrochemical recovery of Cu, Pb, Cd, and Zn from dilute solutions
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Hazardous Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-3336 .- 0304-3894. ; 235-236, s. 291-297
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a microbial bioelectrochemical system (BES) living microorganisms catalyze the anodic oxidation of organic matter at a low anode potential. We used a BES with a biological anode to power the cathodic recovery of Cu, Pb, Cd, and Zn from a simulated municipal solid waste incineration ash leachate. By varying the control of the BES, the four metals could sequentially be recovered from a mixed solution by reduction on a titanium cathode. First, the cell voltage was controlled at zero, which allowed recovery of Cu from the solution without an electrical energy input. Second, the cathode potential was controlled at -0.51 V to recover Pb, which required an applied voltage of about 0.34 V. Third, the cathode potential was controlled at -0.66V to recover Cd, which required an applied voltage of 0.51 V. Finally, Zn was the only metal remaining in solution and was recovered by controlling the anode at +0.2 V to maximize the generated current. The study is the first to demonstrate that a BES can be used for cathodic recovery of metals from a mixed solution, which potentially could be used not only for ash leachates but also for e.g. metallurgical wastewaters and landfill leachates.
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| 9. |
- Nilsson, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Efficacy of reactive mineral-based sorbents for phosphate, bacteria, nitrogen and TOC removal - Column experiment in recirculation batch mode
- 2013
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Ingår i: Water Research. - Oxford, United Kingdom : Elsevier BV. - 0043-1354 .- 1879-2448. ; 47:14, s. 5165-5175
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two mineral-based materials (Polonite and Sorbulite) intended for filter wells in on-site wastewater treatment were compared in terms of removal of phosphate (PO4-P), total inorganic nitrogen (TIN), total organic carbon (TOC) and faecal indicator bacteria (Escherichia coli and Enterococci). Using an innovative, recirculating system, septic tank effluent was pumped at a hydraulic loading rate of 3000 L m(2) d(-1) into triplicate bench-scale columns of each material over a 90-day period. The results showed that Polonite performed better with respect to removal of PO4-P, retaining on average 80% compared with 75% in Sorbulite. This difference was attributed to higher CaO content in Polonite and its faster dissolution. Polonite also performed better in terms of removal of bacteria because of its higher pH value. The total average reduction in E. coli was 60% in Polonite and 45% in Sorbulite, while for Enterococci the corresponding value was 56% in Polonite and 34% in Sorbulite. Sorbulite removed TIN more effectively, with a removal rate of 23%, while Polonite removed 11% of TIN, as well as TOC. Organic matter (measured as TOC) was accumulated in the filter materials but was also released periodically. The results showed that Sorbulite could meet the demand in removing phosphate and nitrogen with reduced microbial release from the wastewater treatment process.
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