| 1. |
- Bankvall, Claes, 1942, et al.
(författare)
-
Air transport in and through the building envelope
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Thermal Performance of the Exterior Envelopes of Whole Buildings. - 2166-8469.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A national R&D program dealing with air transport in and through the building envelope is presented, including some overviews of results. The program develops predictive models for evaluating air movements in and through the building envelope. These models are coupled to the outside climate and pressure situation and to the inside climate through the interaction with models defining the building services system. A major aim of the program is to analyze problems of relevance to the building process. This includes site inventory, modeling of typical situations, and laboratory testing for input data and to validate the models. The objective is to develop tools to help design and evaluate building elements and to give the necessary foundation for estimating the convective transport of heat and moisture in the envelope, which is decisive for the indoor climate, the consumption of energy, and the durability of the construction. The research program is ongoing and this presentation is to invite communication with others.
|
|
| 2. |
- Sasic Kalagasidis, Angela, 1968
(författare)
-
The whole model validation for HAM-Tools—case study: Hygrothermal conditions in a cold attic under different ventilation regimes
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Thermal Performance of the Exterior Envelopes of Whole Buildings. - 2166-8469.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- HAM-Tools is a software library specially constructed for hygrothermal system analysis in building physics. The software is developed as a modular structure of standard building elements and systems using a graphical programming environment. Due to its modular structure and transparency, each of the existing components can be easily changed and adjusted to specific user demands. In order to asses the software’s ability to predict the building hygrothermal response under given climatic and operating conditions, validation tests against measurements have been performed. As a case study, temperature and relative humidity of a cold ventilated attic space in real operating conditions was selected. Validation results are presented as a comparison between measurements and calculations. Parametric sensitivity analyses were performed and necessary adjustments for the missing input parameters have been fully documented. The code has shown a high degree of reliability, both in a qualitative and a quantitative way.
|
|
| 3. |
- Wallbaum, Holger, 1967
(författare)
-
Denk- und Kommunikationsansätze zur Bewertung des Nachhaltigen Bauens und Wohnens anhang der Ökologischen Wohnsiedlung Flintenbreire in Lübeck
- 2002
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- It is the aim of the present study to detect the reasons for these grievances, taking as an example the new Ecological Housing Estate Flintenbreite, and to demonstrate alternative solutions. For this purpose, different concepts of assessment are employed which meet the requirements of a full life cycle analysis. From the ecological perspective, these are the software tool GaBi of the University of Stuttgart, the MIPS concept of the Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment, Energy as well as the software tool GEMIS from the Eco Institute. In order to assess the quantity and quality of the area consumption, a special calculation method was developed on the basis of “Hemerobiestufen”, which illustrate the degree of naturalness of a surface area. The BKI Kostenplaner of the Baukosteninformationszentrum is used to analyze the economic factors. In order to assess social aspects, a special assessment method on the basis of national and international discussions is developed and applied. Apart from taking into account generally accepted ecological indicators, this study also attempts to develop economic indicators as well as indicators for measuring social sustainability of housing development concepts. By means of a working example the practicability of these indicators is examined. For assessing the degree of sustainability reached at the Ecological Housing Estate Flintenbreite 15 indicators are used. These are:•The Total Material Requirement (TMR)•The Accumulated Expenditure of Energy (KEA)•The Global Warming Potential related to 100 years (GWP 100)•Area consumption•Water consumption•Planning and implementation costs•Costs of construction and production•Costs of utilization including maintenance costs•Costs of pulling down, disposal and restoration•Average renting costs•Age composition of the residents•Income structure of the residents•Unemployment rate of the residents•Quota of women employed•Possibilities of participation of the residentsFor assessing and visualizing the several indicators, the COMPASS method, developed at the Wuppertal Institute, is applied.Since the process of construction at the Ecological Housing Estate Flintenbreite has been delayed as a result of the insolvencies of two of the developing companies, up to date only 26 of the planned 119 housing units have been completed. Therefore, in order to obtain valuable results the scientific approach had to be reduced in the course of this study. As the central elements of the approach the building above ground and the sewage concept, which has been used on a larger scale for the first time and which is based on a vacuum technique, are focused on. Apart from savings in water (only 1 liter per flush), this trend-setting, integrated sewage concept takes into account the utilization of nutrients and the energy content of excrements and biological waste. For that purpose, the flows grey water (residues without excrements), black water (toilet residues), rainwater and biological waste are dealt with separately within the whole concept. Through the fermentation of biological waste and excrements, biogas is won which is then used for power production in the housing estate’s own cogeneration plant. Three filters (constructed wetlands in the form of sand filters planted with reeds) are used for clearing the grey water. Using hollows on the 4.9 hectare wide housing development area, rainwater can seep away directly. The liquid manure remaining after anaerobic treatment is collected in a reservoir and used for agricultural means. Thus, nutrient cycles can be completed.Despite partly positive results it must be stated that these building measures, with regard to the building above ground, do not make a valuable contribution as far as more sustainable building is concerned. The sewage concept appears to be more apt to meet this requirement, although optimizing steps have yet to follow.Stakeholders from many different fields can take such steps in their respective discipline but also with regard to the interdisciplinary perspective. The chance to act beyond the boundaries of one’s own discipline, the ability to communicate as a key to joint action as well as the ability to see and open up new paths require new approaches and possibilities of acting. Thus, it is the duty of private persons, functionaries and elected candidates alike to help ensure corresponding education and qualification.Apart from that, on the international level, it is essential to initiate a changed, honest and consistent orientation of the rules of the WTO, the ILO and the UNEP without which a sustainable development will continue to be a utopia. And perhaps we may even have to go one step further and overcome an economy of interest and compound interest that is destroying resources, in order to be able to live the dream of a sustainable economic system.
|
|
| 4. |
- Berggård, Glenn, et al.
(författare)
-
Val av prioriterade korridorer för Norrbotniabanan med hjälp av Multikriteriaanalys
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Transportforum 2003. - Linköping : Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Choosing alternative corridors for the Norrbotniabanan by the use of Multi-Criteria AnalysisDuring 2002-2003 a pre-feasibility study of a possible Norrbotnia railway is conducted. Norrbotniabanan is a new coastal railway, between Umeå-Luleå-Haparanda, in total some 400 km of line. An important part of this study is to identify potential corridors and select corridors for further investigation. This is done in a dialogue with local authorities throughout the study. Due to the number of possible corridors and possible combinations along the line Umeå - Robertsfors – Skellefteå – Piteå – Luleå – Boden – Kalix - Haparanda the final number of alternatives is quite large. In general choosing some ”best” alternative is not an easy task, when many alternatives occur. Many effects have to be taken into account e.g. construction cost, time savings, various impacts on environment etc. Many of these impacts cannot easily be incorporated into a traditional cost-benefit analysis, nevertheless they play an important role in decision making. Multi Criteria Analysis (MCA) is a suitable decision aid tool in such a planning situation. As part of the Norrbotniabana study a simple MCA was carried out. A set of criteria for selecting alternatives was identified. At a seminar with participants from regional and local planning authorities and other interested parties, these criteria were evaluated for each alternative on a simple score from 1-5. Afterwards the relative importance of each criteria was estimated. This was done in groups. The consequences of these scores and weights were then analysed in the PC-tool Decision Criterium Plus. The presentation will report the results of the Multi Criteria Analysis and comment on the lessons learned from the practical use of MCA in the planning process. During 2002-2003 a pre-feasibility study of a possible Norrbotnia railway is conducted. Norrbotniabanan is a new coastal railway, between Umeå-Luleå-Haparanda, in total some 400 km of line. An important part of this study is to identify potential corridors and select corridors for further investigation. This is done in a dialogue with local authorities throughout the study. Due to the number of possible corridors and possible combinations along the line Umeå - Robertsfors – Skellefteå – Piteå – Luleå – Boden – Kalix - Haparanda the final number of alternatives is quite large. In general choosing some ”best” alternative is not an easy task, when many alternatives occur. Many effects have to be taken into account e.g. construction cost, time savings, various impacts on environment etc. Many of these impacts cannot easily be incorporated into a traditional cost-benefit analysis, nevertheless they play an important role in decision making. Multi Criteria Analysis (MCA) is a suitable decision aid tool in such a planning situation. As part of the Norrbotniabana study a simple MCA was carried out. A set of criteria for selecting alternatives was identified. At a seminar with participants from regional and local planning authorities and other interested parties, these criteria were evaluated for each alternative on a simple score from 1-5. Afterwards the relative importance of each criteria was estimated. This was done in groups. The consequences of these scores and weights were then analysed in the PC-tool Decision Criterium Plus. The presentation will report the results of the Multi Criteria Analysis and comment on the lessons learned from the practical use of MCA in the planning process.
|
|
| 5. |
- Emmelin, Lars, et al.
(författare)
-
Miljöregler : hinder för utveckling och god miljö?
- 2004
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The report examines environmental assessment and permit systems, planning etc to evaluate the conflict between the planning- and permit systems and development.
|
|
| 6. |
- Vuorio, Tuomas
(författare)
-
Information on recreation and tourism in spatial planning in the Swedish mountains : methods and need for knowledge
- 2003
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Swedish mountain region makes up about one third of the country but includes less than 2 per cent of the population. It stretches for over 1000 km and includes 90 per cent of the total nature conservation area in Sweden. With its 8000 km of hiking trails and 100 mountain huts and lodges it is one of the most important areas for outdoor recreation and tourism - visited by one fourth of the Swedish adult population every year. With the current decline of the extractive industries tourism has become an important development issue in the area. Effective spatial planning in the mountains presupposes good information on tourism and outdoor recreation. Municipalities need adequate data to base planning on. One precondition for more effective information supply to spatial planning is research and development of methods. It must be possible to follow developments, predict environmental effects and effects on user attitudes, satisfaction etc. There are big differences between visitors in the mountains. Their needs and interest in different nature experiences, their tolerance towards crowding and contacts with other users vary a lot. It is important for planning and management to find out which qualities users are looking for and appreciating and to have a clear picture of the variance between different users. Management of recreation areas is normally combined with conservation and often has two goals: i) to maintain “natural conditions” and ii) to provide recreation opportunities. These two goals will often be contradictory. Resolving this conflict is both a theoretical and practical problem. The discourse within spatial planning differs from the nature conservation discourse. While the nature conservation discourse comes from a tradition of “calculating rationality” and a scientific, central view that points out the foremost values – “national interests”, national parks, world heritage areas – the basis of the spatial planning ideology in Sweden is a conception of local, political decision making. The Swedish planning system with a planning monopoly and veto of the municipalities is in theory a system with deliberative or communicative rationality: the plan is supposed to express citizens’ will and needs expressed through their representatives. How to provide the planning system with relevant information on different levels, i.e. information that can be used for predicting different reactions to different management actions in order to be able to handle conflicts will be one of the central questions in the thesis. Special attention will be paid to different methods of measuring nature tourism and outdoor recreation. Self registration combined with satisfactory studies on non participation can give a relatively good synoptic picture of the use of the area. At the same time it is obvious that the non participation varies too much geographically and between different points of time for self registration alone to be used for studying frequencies and patterns of use. Flight observations carried out as a part of the study in Södra Jämtlandsfjällen (article II) proved to be a good method of studying the patterns of camping. They were also important for conflict analysis and studying divergences. The indirect methods for estimating the total number of visitors have to be calibrated often, which can be difficult (for example number of visitors in a car or a buss). The indirect methods risk missing factors that make it possible to get indications of possible tendencies in the use of an area. In situations where conflicts exist, it is important that the picture of the present situation is well established and legitimate. This means that both methods and the actors participating in the study have to be experienced as legitimate by all parties taking part in the planning process. A general conclusion is that there are not any good shortcuts to useful knowledge about outdoor recreation and tourism for planning as a whole, for management or for EIA. Need for predictions is far too big to make indirect data useful alone. Three studies are presented: i) a national screener study on current tourism patterns in the Swedish mountain region, ii) a case study among the visitors in Södra Jämtlandsfjällen and iii) a case study among the residents in Södra Jämtlandsfjällen.
|
|
| 7. |
- Granath, Kaj
(författare)
-
Lugna långgator
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Arkitektur. - 0004-2021. ; :6, s. 34-35
-
Recension (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
|
|
| 8. |
- Granath, Kaj
(författare)
-
Med ansiktet mot havet
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Göteborgs-Posten. - 1103-9345. ; 03:26
-
Recension (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
|
|
| 9. |
- Granath, Kaj
(författare)
-
Tillbaka till framtiden
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Göteborgs-Posten. - 1103-9345. ; :7/13
-
Recension (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Med anledning av Elizabeth A. T. Smiths bok Case study houses: the complete CSH program 1945-1966, om lösningen av bostadsproblem i södra Kalifornien.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
