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Emissions of heavy ...
Emissions of heavy metals during fixed-bed combustion of six biomass fuels
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- Wiinikka, Henrik (författare)
- Luleå tekniska universitet,RISE,SP Energy Technology Center,Luleå University of Technology, Sweden,Energivetenskap,Energy Technology Centre (ETC), Box 726, S-941 28, Piteå, Sweden
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- Grönberg, Carola (författare)
- RISE,SP Energy Technology Center,Energy Technology Centre (ETC), Box 726, S-941 28, Piteå, Sweden
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- Boman, Christoffer (författare)
- Umeå universitet,Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik,Energy Technology and Thermal Process Chemistry, Umeå University, S-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
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(creator_code:org_t)
- 2013-01-15
- 2013
- Engelska.
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Ingår i: Energy & Fuels. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0887-0624 .- 1520-5029. ; 27:2, s. 1073-1080
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https://doi.org/10.1...
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Abstract
Ämnesord
Stäng
- Few studies examine heavy metal emissions during the small-scale combustion of various solid biofuels. This issue may become more important, as one can expect new regulations governing such emissions from biomass combustion similar to those governing waste incineration. This paper investigates the emissions of particulate-associated heavy metals (i.e., Sb, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Pb, Mn, Ni, Tl, V, Hg, and Zn) during the fixed-bed combustion of six solid biofuels (i.e., stemwood from birch and pine/spruce, bark from birch and pine, salix, and oat grains) and of peat and bituminous coal for comparison. The results indicate that the flue gas concentration (normalized to 11% O2) of the sum of all measured metals (Zn excluded) during the biomass combustion tests ranged from 57 μg Nm-3 for birch stemwood to 198 μg Nm-3 for birch bark. The concentration of Zn in the flue gas was generally considerably higher than those of the other metals, ranging from 646 μg Nm-3 for spruce/pine stemwood to 7948 μg Nm-3 for birch bark. Compared with coal and peat, the biomass fuels produced higher Zn emissions, but lower or similar emissions of the sum of the other metals. The volatile behavior and concentration of the metal in the flue gases as a function of the heavy metal in the fuel are also presented for selected heavy metals.
Ämnesord
- TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER -- Maskinteknik -- Energiteknik (hsv//swe)
- ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY -- Mechanical Engineering -- Energy Engineering (hsv//eng)
- TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER -- Industriell bioteknik -- Bioenergi (hsv//swe)
- ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY -- Industrial Biotechnology -- Bioenergy (hsv//eng)
Nyckelord
- Biomass
- Bituminous coal
- Coal combustion
- Flue gases
- Fuels
- Lead
- Metals
- Peat
- Waste incineration
- Zinc
- Energiteknik
- Energiteknik
Publikations- och innehållstyp
- ref (ämneskategori)
- art (ämneskategori)
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