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- Danielsson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Usability and decision support systems in emergency management
- 2012
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 41:Suppl. 1, s. 3455-3458
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The actors in charge of an emergency response are confronted with severe difficulties in coordination and decision making, especially in major accidents. To facilitate coordination, various decision support systems (DSS) integrated in communication systems have been developed. However, many DSS in the rescue service organizations are afflicted with under-use and other usability problems. Drawing on both a literature review and an analysis of recently obtained survey data from rescue personnel concerning usability of common communication system in Swedish emergency organizations, this paper addresses the issue of usability of DSS. It is concluded that the impetus for developing DSS in many cases has been the technological possibilities per se, not taking the decision makers task structure and contextual factors into account. It is argued that priority should be given to functions that provide a visual overview of the event and facilitate storing of the series of decisions made during the response
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- Haller, Henrik, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Governance for Sustainable Remediation of Polluted Soil in Developing Countries
- 2020
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Ingår i: Sustainability Concept In Developing Countries. - London : IntechOpen.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Environmental governance is a challenge for many developing countries, and soil pollution is typically overlooked by authorities in the Global South. Soil governance should protect people and environment from the hazards of pollution and promote sustainable remediation of polluted sites through legislation and soil policies that facilitate the use of appropriate technology. Today, however, the soil governance landscape is highly fragmented and often fails to adequately address these concerns. Combining soil remediation with profitable activities (alone or in combination) such as food and fiber production, biomass energy production, erosion control, carbon sequestration, favoring biodiversity, etc. is potentially an appropriate strategy to promote the decontamination of polluted agriculture soil in low-income countries. Many potential pitfalls follow such a strategy but decision support tools may provide insights from the latest scientific remediation findings to stakeholders in their exploration of policy options. This chapter explores challenges and opportunities for sustainable soil governance in developing countries.
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- Stolen, Reidar, et al.
(författare)
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Heat flux in jet fires : Unified method for measuring the heat flux levels of jet fires
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nordic Fire and Safety Days (NFSD2018) Conference proceedings (with peer-review).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Passive fire protection materials are used to protect critical structures against the heat from fires. In process plants with pressurized combustible substances there may be a risk of jet fires. Through risk analysis the severity of these jet fires is determined and these result in fire resistance requirements with different heat flux levels for different segments. The relevant test standard for fire resistance against jet fires does not include any measurements or definitions of the heat flux in the test flame which the tested object is exposed to. This paper presents methods for reaching different heat flux levels and how to measure them in a jet fire with limited deviations from the established jet fire test standard.
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- Lindberg, Li
(författare)
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Health related lifestyle habits of Swedish schoolchildren : studies on knowledge, conception and behaviour
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aim: The overall aim of this thesis was to evaluate the effects of the health education programme "An adventure with Pelle Pump". Further the aim was to provide knowledge of importance for the development of future programmes aiming to promote a healthy lifestyle in children by studying predictors for health behaviours, and the impact of time and age on health behaviours in Swedish schoolchildren. Methods: To evaluate the impact of the health education programme "An adventure with Pelle Pump" on knowledge and behaviour and determine what predictors were of importance for health behaviours, a 45 item questionnaire was answered by 1 422 12-year old children. To study conceptions of health and health behaviour in children, 16 children were face-to-face interviewed and the interviews were analysed using a phenomenographical method. To study the impact of time trends and age on health behaviours in Swedish school children results from the questionnaires were compared to results from the WHO-based Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children studies. Results: "An adventure with Pelle Pump" had a positive impact on knowledge and conceptions of health and health behaviours. However, two years after programme implementation it did not result in any change in health behaviours, i.e. physical activity, healthy food choices and refrain from tobacco, of these children. Secular trends, from 1993 to 2003, had a positive influence on physical activity and sedentary behaviours, while negative time trends were observed in dietary habits and smoking. Increased age of two years had a statistically significant negative influence on physical activity, dietary habits and tobacco use. To perceive your family, yourself or someone else as a source of inspiration to be physically active was related to a high physical activity level. Paternal and maternal attention to the use of tobacco was of importance for children to refrain such habit. To live in a socio economically wealthy area was of importance for healthy food choices and physical activity. Children from rural areas were more physically active than children from urban areas. Conclusion: The evaluation of the impact of a knowledge-based health education programme with the intention to influence three important life style habits; physical activity, healthy food choices and refrain from tobacco, reveals that knowledge-based interventions implemented in school settings can improve knowledge and attitudes towards a healthy lifestyle. However, such programme, implemented as a sole effort does not influence health behaviours. Importantly, this thesis demonstrated that the window of opportunity for promoting health behaviours in children is narrow and, to be successful, interventions need to be implemented at an early age and repeated over time. Interventions to promote a healthy lifestyle may target children within the school setting, but parents need to be involved since parental support is of utmost importance for children to make healthy life choices. Interventions should, with support from the present findings, not be limited to knowledge-based education but include a substantial proportion of practical, behaviour focused actions.
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