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| 14. |
- Hardell, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Breast-feeding duration and the risk of malignant diseases in childhood in Sweden
- 2001
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0954-3007 .- 1476-5640. ; 55:3, s. 179-185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE:To evaluate childhood cancer in relation to duration of breast-feeding.SETTING:Sweden. Records from Child Healthcare Centres were scrutinised regarding information on breast-feeding and other health-related items.SUBJECTS:All children aged 0-14 y with a malignant disease (benign brain tumours included) during the time period 1988-91 (n = 962) were identified from the Swedish Cancer Register. An equal number of controls matched for sex and age were selected from the Swedish Birth Register.RESULTS:Information was obtained for 835 cases and 860 controls. Overall, duration of breast-feeding did not influence the risk for a malignant disease in this age group. However, breast-feeding > or = 1 month increased the risk for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) yielding an odds ratio (OR) 5.5 with 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2-25. Breast-feeding 1 -< 6 months gave OR 5.1, CI 1.1-24 and > 6 months gave OR 7.0, CI 1.3-37 with a significant trend (P = 0.04). Adjustment for maternal and birth-related co-variates gave similar results. For other malignancies no significant changes of the risk were obtained.CONCLUSIONS:Overall, no association between duration of breast-feeding and childhood malignancies was found except for a significantly increased risk for NHL, but this was based on low numbers of cases and needs to be confirmed in other investigations
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| 15. |
- Hartini, TNS, et al.
(författare)
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Nutrient intake and iron status of urban and rural poor without access to rice fields are affected by the emerging economic crisis : the case of pregnant Indonesian women
- 2003
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0954-3007 .- 1476-5640. ; 57:5, s. 654-666
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the adequacy of nutrient intake in comparison with the Indonesian Estimated Average Requirement (EARs) among pregnant Indonesian women and explain the short-term effect of economic crisis on nutrient intake and iron status. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Purworejo District, Central Java, located 60 km west of Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia. SUBJECTS: During the period from 1996 to 1998, up to six 24 h recalls were performed during the second trimester of pregnancy among 450 women. Nutrient intake and iron status was evaluated in relation to date of data collection relative to the economic crisis that emerged in August 1997. A computer program (Inafood) was developed to calculate nutrient intake. RESULTS:: Forty percent of the pregnant women were at risk of inadequate intake of energy and protein, and 70% were at risk of inadequate intake of vitamin A, calcium and iron even before the crisis. Our results also demonstrate an effect of short-term economic crisis on nutrient intake and iron status. When the crisis emerged, urban poor experienced a decrease in intake of most nutrients. During the crisis, rich women experienced a significant decrease in fat (P<0.05). Negative changes in fat density during crisis were experienced by the rich and the rural, poor, and access to rice field subgroups (P<0.01). A significant increase in carbohydrate densities was seen for the rich and rural, poor, and access to rice fields groups (P<0.05). Urban poor experienced decreased serum ferritin concentration (P<0.05), whereas rich women experienced a significant increase (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Urban poor and rural poor landless women were most directly affected by the emerging economic crisis.
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| 19. |
- Mattisson, Iréne, et al.
(författare)
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Fat intake is more strongly associated with lifestyle factors than with socio-economic characteristics, regardless of energy adjustment approach
- 2001
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5640 .- 0954-3007. ; 55:6, s. 452-461
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To compare how three different energy adjustment approaches influence the ranking of individuals on fat intake, and to examine the relation between fat intake and socio-economic, demographic and lifestyle characteristics for each energy adjustment approach. DESIGN: A cross-sectional analysis project, using a sub-sample (7055 women and 3240 men) from the Malmo Diet and Cancer Study. Dietary habits were assessed with an interview based diet history method. Fat intake was, depending on energy-adjustment method, defined as absolute intake (FATg), percentage energy from fat (FAT%), and residuals from total fat regressed on total energy (FATres). Cross-classification compared categorisation into fat intake quintiles. Logistic regression estimated, separately for each of the three approaches, the associations between high fat intake and socio-economic, demographic and lifestyle characteristics. RESULTS: Agreement in individuals' ranking was high between FAT% and FATres, but FATg differed substantially from the others. Current smoking, low level of leisure time physical activity and low alcohol intakes were, in multivariate analysis, consistently associated with risk of high fat consumption regardless of energy adjustment method. However, the associations with socio-economic characteristics varied with energy adjustment method and gender groups. CONCLUSIONS: The similarities between FAT% and FATres, in the ranking of individuals and in the association with lifestyle factors and socio-economic characteristics implies that it is possible to translate results obtained with FATres to recommendations using FAT%. The consistent lifestyle pattern across fat intake definitions (in energy adjusted models) may indicate that fat consumption is more strongly related to lifestyle factors than to socio-economic characteristics.
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| 20. |
- Messerer, M, et al.
(författare)
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Sensitivity and specificity of self-reported use of dietary supplements
- 2004
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - Karolinska Inst, Natl Inst Environm Med, Dept Nutr Epidemiol, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 0954-3007 .- 1476-5640. ; 58:12, s. 1669-1671
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of a self-administered food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) - used in a cohort of 48 000 men to determine dietary supplement use. Design: Questionnaire data regarding use of dietary supplements were compared with 14 24-h recall interviews spread over a year. Setting and subjects: A random sample of 248 middle-aged and elderly Swedish men was included in the analysis. Results and conclusions: Use of any supplement in at least one interview was reported by 51% ( in three or more interviews by 38%). Sensitivity and specificity of the FFQ regarding any supplement use was 78 and 93%, respectively. Sensitivity for multivitamins, vitamins C and E was 69, 67 and 78%, respectively. The sensitivity increased to 93% and the specificity decreased to 88% when a user was defined as a person reporting use in at least three interviews. Conclusions: Dietary supplement use might be measured by a self-administered questionnaire relatively well especially when supplements are used more regularly.
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