| 11. |
- Kaesler, N., et al.
(författare)
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Low adherence to CKD-specific dietary recommendations associates with impaired kidney function, dyslipidemia, and inflammation
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0954-3007 .- 1476-5640. ; 75, s. 1389-1397
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/Objectives A diet following chronic kidney disease (CKD)-specific recommendations is considered essential for optimal management of patients with CKD. However, data on the adherence to these recommendations and its implications for health-relevant biomarkers are lacking. The objectives were to estimate adherence to CKD-specific dietary recommendations, to identify characteristics and lifestyle variables associated with poor adherence, and to investigate the relationship of adherence with biomarkers. Methods In this cross-sectional analysis, average dietary intake was estimated in 3193 participants with moderately severe CKD enrolled into the observational multicenter German CKD study using a food frequency questionnaire. A CKD diet score was developed to assess adherence to CKD-specific dietary recommendations based on intake of sodium, potassium, fiber, protein, sugar, and cholesterol. The associations of dietary adherence with characteristics, lifestyle variables, and biomarker levels were determined. Results Logistic regression analysis revealed younger age, higher body mass index, male gender, lower educational attainment, various lifestyle variables (cigarette smoking, infrequent alcohol consumption, low physical activity), and lower estimated glomerular filtrate rate associated with lower adherence to dietary recommendations. Low adherence to dietary recommendations was further associated with dyslipidemia, higher uric acid, and C-reactive protein levels. Associations between low dietary adherence and biomarkers were mostly driven by low intake of fiber and potassium, and high intake of sugar and cholesterol. Conclusions This study revealed differential characteristics and biomarkers associated with lower adherence to CKD-specific dietary recommendations. Promotion of CKD-specific dietary recommendations may help to mitigate the adverse prognosis in CKD patients.
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| 12. |
- Lam, Holly C. Y., et al.
(författare)
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Food hypersensitivity : an examination of factors influencing symptoms and temporal changes in the prevalence of sensitization in an adult sample
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Springer Nature. - 0954-3007 .- 1476-5640. ; 77:8, s. 833-840
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/ObjectivesFood hypersensitivity (FHS) is common, but little is known about the factors associated with severe reactions, age of onset and whether sensitization persists. This study examines the factors associated with self-reported severe food reactions, onset age and the changes in prevalence of sensitization to foods over time in an adult sample.Subjects/MethodsWe used data from adults taking part in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) III (2010-2014) who provided information on food hypersensitivity, including symptoms, suspected culprit food and onset age (n = 4865). A subsample from six countries had serum food-specific IgE tested for 25 core foods and also in 10 years earlier (ECRHS II). We applied logistic regression and McNemar's test for analyses.ResultsThe prevalence of self-reported FHS was 13.5% at ECRHS III. Of those providing information on symptoms (n = 611), 26.4% reported severe reactions. About 80% of 1033 reported food-specific reactions (reported by 596 participants) began after age 15. History of asthma (odds ratio OR 2.12 95% confidence interval CI 1.13-3.44) and a younger age of onset of FHS (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01-1.03, per year) were associated with higher risks of a lifetime experience of severe food reactions. In the subsample with IgE tested in both surveys (n = 1612), the overall prevalence of sensitization to foods did not change over 10 years.ConclusionOur findings support previous observations of more severe food reactions in people with asthma and that most FHS reported by this sample started after age 15. We found no evidence of changes in the prevalence of sensitization to food in adults followed for 10 years.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Omar, Nor Adila Mhd, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term whole-grain rye and wheat consumption and their associations with selected biomarkers of inflammation, endothelial function, and cardiovascular disease
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0954-3007 .- 1476-5640. ; 75:1, s. 123-132
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/objectives Whole-grain (WG) intake has been associated with a lowered risk of developing type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and some cancers in epidemiological studies. Reduced subclinical inflammation could be one important mechanism behind such associations. This study investigated whether high long-term WG rye and wheat intakes were associated with lower concentrations of biomarkers of inflammation, endothelial function, and protein biomarkers associated with cardiovascular disease. Subjects/methods We assessed WG intake by food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and by measuring alkylresorcinols (ARs) in plasma and adipose tissue, respectively. Selected biomarkers in free-living 109 women and 149 men were analyzed from two clinical subcohort studies (Swedish Mammography Cohort-Clinical (SMC-C) and Cohort of Swedish Men-Clinical (COSM-C), respectively. Total WG rye and wheat (WGRnW) and the ratio of WG rye to WG rye and wheat (WGR/WGRnW) were estimated from FFQs. ARs were measured in plasma and adipose tissue by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and the biomarkers by ELISA. Results We found no consistent associations between WG intake assessed by different methods and the selected biomarkers. However, WGRnW intake was inversely associated with cathepsin S (P-trend < 0.05) and total AR and C17:0/C21:0 in plasma were inversely associated with the endostatin concentration (P-trend < 0.05) adjusted for BMI, age, and sex. Conclusion The results give limited support to the hypothesis that a high WG wheat and rye intake is associated with lower concentrations of common biomarkers of inflammation and CVD that have previously been reported inversely associated with WG intake or an overall healthy lifestyle.
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| 15. |
- Pourhassan, Maryam, et al.
(författare)
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Inflammation as a diagnostic criterion in the GLIM definition of malnutrition-what CRP-threshold relates to reduced food intake in older patients with acute disease?
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Springer Nature. - 0954-3007 .- 1476-5640. ; 76:3, s. 397-400
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: In the recently introduced GLIM diagnosis of malnutrition (Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition), details of how to classify inflammation as an etiologic criterion are lacking. This study aimed to determine at what level of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) the risk of low food intake increases in acutely ill older hospitalized patients.SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 377 patients, who were consecutively admitted to a geriatric acute care ward, were analyzed. Nutritional intake was determined using the food intake item of Nutritional Risk Screening and the plate diagram method and patients were grouped into three categories as >75%, 50-75% and ≤50% of requirements. CRP was analyzed according to standard procedures and patients were classified into different CRP groups as follows: 0.0-0.99 mg/dl, 1.0-1.99 mg/dl, 2.0-2.99 mg/dl, 3.0-4.99 mg/dl, 5.0-9.99 mg/dl and ≥10.0 mg/dl.RESULTS: Of the total population (mean age of 82.2 ± 6.6 years; 241 females), 82 (22%) had intake <50% of requirements and 126 (33%) demonstrated moderate to severe inflammation. Patients with food intake <50% of requirements had a significantly higher median CRP level compared to patients with food intake >75% of requirements (P < 0.001). The group with serum-CRP levels above 3.0 mg/dl had a markedly higher proportion of patients with low food intake; i.e., <50% and <75% of the requirements.CONCLUSION: A serum-CRP of 3.0 mg/dl appears to be a reasonable threshold of acute inflammation leading to reduced food intake to serve as an orientation with regard to the inflammation criterion of the GLIM diagnosis in acutely ill older patients.
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| 16. |
- Rentzos, Georgios K., et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of diamine oxidase (DAO) during low-histamine or ordinary diet in patients with histamine intolerance.
- 2024
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Ingår i: European journal of clinical nutrition. - 1476-5640.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Quantification of diamine oxidase (DAO) concentrations in serum has been proposed as an adjunctive diagnostic modality for the evaluation of histamine intolerance (HIT). Limited empirical data exist concerning the influence of dietary patterns on DAO levels.In the context of a prospective study employing a crossover design, 18 individuals diagnosed with HIT were randomized to initiate either a low histamine diet (LHD) or a conventional mixed diet (MXD). Serum DAO concentrations were measured at the commencement of the study and following each dietary phase. A control group underwent analogous DAO assessments without imposition of dietary constraints.During the time when a diet restricted in histamine was implemented, noticeable differences in changes in DAO levels did not become apparent when compared to the changes observed during the mixed (MXD) phase. Specifically, among the group, 10 of the 18 patients exhibited elevated DAO values subsequent to the LHD regimen, while the remaining eight displayed either reduced or unchanging DAO levels. The prevalence of elevated DAO levels in the LHD group did not differ significantly from that observed in the control group during the MXD phase. Additionally, during the LHD phase, patients reported a significant reduction in gastrointestinal and cutaneous symptoms.This prospective investigation underscores the enduring utility of a histamine-restricted diet, coupled with structured dietary reintroduction, as an efficacious diagnostic approach for individuals presenting with suspected food-related histamine hypersensitivity. Notably, the measurement of DAO levels appears to furnish only a limited capacity to discern dietary-induced fluctuations. Notwithstanding, the dynamics of DAO alteration do not appear to exhibit a discernible association with specific dietary patterns, a finding consistent across both patient and control groups.
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| 17. |
- Rosborg, Ingegerd
(författare)
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Scientific study on acid rain and subsequent pH-imbalances in humans, case studies, treatments
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Springer Nature. - 0954-3007 .- 1476-5640. ; 74, s. 87-94
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Scientific studyAcid Rain attacked South West Sweden 1960–1990, making well water acid, causing Cu dissolution from pipes, disturbing intestines. In a scientific study Ca was 6 times higher in alkaline well waters and hair. Women drinking acid water were unhealthy.Case studiesCase studies: 1 (woman): Scleroderma had caused shortened finger tips, and loss of hair. Urinary pH was 5. Hair analysis showed severe mineral imbalances. After 1.5 years of treatment with supplements and increasing urinary pH with NaHCO3, symptoms disappeared. 2 (woman): Fibromyalgia, cataract, constipation and basal carcinoma was treated by increasing urinary pH with limestone, and supplements. 3 (man). Fe in drinking water, 3.4 mg/L, had caused intestinal disturbances and subsequent symptoms. Fe was elevated in hair. Aloe vera juice, lactic bacteria and digestive enzymes healed his intestines. Mg, antagonist to Fe, decreased severity of Fe overload. Drinking water guideline of 0.2 mg Fe/L is suggested.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Wolters, M., et al.
(författare)
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25-Hydroxyvitamin D reference percentiles and the role of their determinants among European children and adolescents
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0954-3007 .- 1476-5640. ; 76, s. 564-573
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/objectives To provide age- and sex-specific percentile curves of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) by determinants from 3-<15 year-old European children, and to analyse how modifiable determinants influence 25(OH)D. Subjects/methods Serum samples were collected from children of eight European countries participating in the multicenter IDEFICS/I.Family cohort studies. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were analysed in a central lab by a chemiluminescence assay and the values from 2171 children (N = 3606 measurements) were used to estimate percentile curves using the generalized additive model for location, scale and shape. The association of 25(OH)D with time spent outdoors was investigated considering sex, age, country, parental education, BMI z score, UV radiation, and dietary vitamin D in regressions models. Results The age- and sex-specific 5th and 95th percentiles of 25(OH)D ranged from 16.5 to 73.3 and 20.8 to 79.3 nmol/l in girls and boys, respectively. A total of 63% had deficient (<50 nmol/l), 33% insufficient (50-<75 nmol/l) and 3% sufficient (>= 75 nmol/l) levels. 25(OH)D increased with increasing UV radiation, time spent outdoors, and vitamin D intake and slightly decreased with increasing BMI z score and age. The odds ratio (OR) for a non-deficient 25(OH)D status (reference category: deficient status) by one additional hour spent outdoors was 1.21, 95% CI [1.12-1.31], i.e., children who spent one more hour per day outdoors than other children had a 21% higher chance of a non-deficient than a deficient status. Conclusion A majority of children suffer from deficient 25(OH)D. UV radiation, outdoor time, and dietary vitamin D are important determinants of 25(OH)D.
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| 20. |
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