| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Ericsson, Kjerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Human-figure drawing (HFD) in the screening of cognitive impairment in old age
- 1996
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Screening. - : SAGE Publications. - 0969-1413 .- 1475-5793. ; 3:2, s. 105-109
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study is to test the hypothesis that freehand human-figure drawing (HFD), can be used as a complementary screening instrument to differentiate between demented elderly people and healthy elderly controls in population based studies.METHOD:HFD was examined in 668 elderly ( > or = 75 years of age) participants from an epidemiological study in Stockholm, who were asked to draw a human figure. The drawings were analysed on the content of body details and structural characteristics.RESULT:The results show quite clearly that the body details and the height decrease with decreasing cognitive function, whereas the centredness (the distance in cm from the centre of the figure to the centre of the paper) increases with decreasing cognitive functioning. Demented people place their figures in the upper left corner of the sheet, compared with the mostly well centred figures of non-demented people. Age, on the other hand, has an influence on the HFD as after 90 years of age most of the variables show regressive changes.CONCLUSION:The HFD can help to differentiate between demented and non-demented subjects as well as between dementia of different severity. The HFD does not help us, however, to discriminate between Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Age has an influence on the HFD in the sense that after 90 years most of the variables regress to a smaller or more primitive form.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Eriksson, Henrik
(författare)
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Om kulturens manlighetsdressyr
- 1999
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Ingår i: Locus. - Stockholm : Stockholms Universitet. - 1100-3197. ; :3, s. 57-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 15. |
- Forsell, Y, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence and correlates of depression in a population of nonagenarians
- 1995
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Ingår i: British Journal of Psychiatry. - : Royal College of Psychiatrists. - 0007-1250 .- 1472-1465. ; 167:1, s. 61-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND Clinicians see many more nonagenarian patients now and there is a need for epidemiological data relating to this group. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of depressive symptoms and syndromes in this age group.METHOD The DSM-IV and the ICD-10 criteria for depression were used and correlated with physical health, disability in daily life, gender, use of drugs, social circumstances and cognitive dysfunction. Data were derived from 329 persons aged 90 and over, registered in a parish of Stockholm, who had been extensively examined by physicians and nurses.RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of Major Depressive Episode as defined in DSM-IV was 7.9%; and of mild, moderate and severe Depressive Episode (combined); as defined in ICD-10 9.1%. No gender difference was found. Disability in daily life and the use of psychotropic drugs were found to correlate with depressive symptoms and syndromes.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Fratiglioni, L, et al.
(författare)
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Very Old Women at Highest Risk of Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease : Incidence Data from the Kungsholmen Project, Stockholm
- 1997
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Ingår i: Neurology. - : American Academy of Neurology. - 0028-3878 .- 1526-632X. ; 48:1, s. 132-138
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To determine the incidence of different types of dementia in the very old, and to explore the relation with age and gender. Design: A dementia-free cohort was followed for an average of three years in Stockholm, Sweden. At the end of the follow-up, the subjects were interviewed by nurses, clinically examined by physicians, and cognitively assessed by psychologists. Deceased cohort members were studied using death certificates, hospital clinical records, and discharge diagnoses. Dementia diagnoses were made according to the DSM-III-R criteria independently by two physicians. Participants: The cohort consisted of 1,473 subjects (75+ years old), of which 987 were clinically examined at follow-up, 314 died before the examination, and 172 refused to participate. Results: During the follow-up, 148 subjects developed dementia. In the age-group 75 to 79, the incidence rates for dementia were 19.6 for women and 12.4 for men per 1,000 person-years, whereas for 90+ year-old subjects the corresponding figures were 86.7 and 15.0 per 1,000 person-years. A similar pattern of distribution by age and gender was seen for Alzheimer's disease. In each age stratum, the incidence rates of dementia and Alzheimer's disease were higher for women than for men. The age-adjusted odds ratio for women was 1.9 for dementia and 3.1 for Alzheimer's disease. Conclusions: (1) The incidence of dementia increases with age, even in the oldest age groups; (2) women have a higher risk of developing dementia than men, especially at very old ages; (3) this pattern is mainly due to the age and gender distribution of Alzheimer's disease, rather than vascular dementia.
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| 19. |
- Gip, C, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of dementia in nonagenarians
- 1997
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Ingår i: Alzheimer’s disease. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0471969648 ; , s. 45-48
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 20. |
- Hertzberg, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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How the relatives of elderly patients in institutional care perceive the staff
- 1996
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 10:4, s. 205-211
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to describe how relatives in the next generation to elderly patients in institutional care perceive the staff. The study was carried out using unstructured interviews lasting 60/90 min, followed by a semi-structured interview lasting about 30 min for each participant. The interviews were analysed by thematic content analysis. The findings gave a picture of how seven relatives perceived the staff. On the whole, they were content with the physical care given, but they had some doubts about the psychological care. Some were worried about what to do during visiting time. Communication between relatives and staff was on a superficial level and concerned mostly practical matters, and it was the relative who had to take the initiative in interactions. The relatives found it very difficult to express criticism. The environment and the possibilities of being out of doors were of importance to the relatives, since they were aware that the nursing home was their parents' last home. The results of this study provide the impetus for further research on topics relating to relative/staff interaction.
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