| 11. |
- Dods, Robert, 1989, et al.
(författare)
-
Ultrafast structural changes within a photosynthetic reaction centre.
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4687 .- 0028-0836. ; 589:7841, s. 310-314
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Photosynthetic reaction centres harvest the energy content of sunlight by transporting electrons across an energy-transducing biological membrane. Here we use time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography1 using an X-ray free-electron laser2 to observe light-induced structural changes in the photosynthetic reaction centre of Blastochloris viridis on a timescale of picoseconds. Structural perturbations first occur at the special pair of chlorophyll molecules of the photosynthetic reaction centre that are photo-oxidized by light. Electron transfer to the menaquinone acceptor on the opposite side of the membrane induces a movement of this cofactor together with lower amplitude protein rearrangements. These observations reveal how proteins use conformational dynamics to stabilize the charge-separation steps of electron-transfer reactions.
|
|
| 12. |
- Hort, Sofia, 1984-
(författare)
-
Skrivprocesser på högskolan : Text, plats och materialitet i uppsatsskrivandet
- 2020
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to explore how students in a higher education context handle the writing of their final essay. Applying a sociomaterial approach, the study offers comprehensive case studies of students’ writing processes. The thesis attempts to show how student writers handle writing challenges through different technologies and at different places. It does so by implementing the Mobile Technologies Process Logs (MTPL)-method, wherein participating students take an active role to create and gather data on their own writing processes.The results show that some students’ textual work could be described in terms of being comprehensive, and hence handled through varied writing technologies at various writing places. These students write a lot of texts to move the writing process forward. Other writers take a more product-oriented view in their writing, and hence write through fewer technologies, at a few places, and with a wish to finish their final text product directly. Many of the students make explicit how they process the literature through writing texts. The knowledge production, the analysis, which is central to academic writing, seems however more implicit and difficult for the students to handle, specifically if having a product oriented view on writing. The results also show how students mobilize different textual actions to meet challenges that writing an (digital) essay implies. This work is clearly emplaced ,at diverse or at more homogenous writing places.It is significant to make textual strategies as well as the functions of writing technologies and place visible to all students. It seems vital at times where higher education, as well as the students entering this institution, are put in front of a raft of (new) challenges. At the same time as the idea of the bad student writer is prevailing, higher education institutions seem not to teach how an academic writing process could be managed in successful ways. This thesis contributes to this field of inquiry with results on how students’ writing processes can be characterized.
|
|
| 13. |
- Nyberg, Lars, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
-
Forecasting memory function in aging : pattern-completion ability and hippocampal activity relate to visuospatial functioning over 25 years
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Neurobiology of Aging. - : Elsevier. - 0197-4580 .- 1558-1497. ; 94, s. 217-226
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heterogeneity in episodic memory functioning in aging was assessed with a pattern-completion functional magnetic resonance imaging task that required reactivation of well-consolidated face-name memory traces from fragmented (partial) or morphed (noisy) face cues. About half of the examined individuals (N = 101) showed impaired (chance) performance on fragmented faces despite intact performance on complete and morphed faces, and they did not show a pattern-completion response in hippocampus or the examined subfields (CA1, CA23, DGCA4). This apparent pattern-completion deficit could not be explained by differential hippocampal atrophy. Instead, the impaired group displayed lower cortical volumes, accelerated reduction in mini-mental state examination scores, and lower general cognitive function as defined by longitudinal measures of visuospatial functioning and speed-of-processing. In the full sample, inter-individual differences in visuospatial functioning predicted performance on fragmented faces and hippocampal CA23 subfield activity over 25 years. These findings suggest that visuospatial functioning in middle age can forecast pattern-completion deficits in aging.
|
|
| 14. |
- Olsson, Greger, et al.
(författare)
-
Antibiotic prophylaxis in ERCP with failed cannulation
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708. ; 56:3, s. 336-341
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with failed biliary cannulation is associated with a high rate of adverse events, but the role of prophylactic antibiotics remains unclear. The primary aim was to investigate if prophylactically administered antibiotics affect the frequency of overall adverse complications in patients where biliary cannulation fails during ERCP. The secondary aim was to investigate if specific infectious complications, also were affected by the antibiotic prophylaxis.Materials and methods: We analysed data from 96,818 ERCPs (2006–2018), from the Swedish National Quality Registry of Cholecystectomy and ERCP (GallRiks), excluding ERCPs with successful cannulation (n = 88,743), missing data (n = 2,014), or on-going antibiotic therapy (n = 1,062).Results: In total 4,996 procedures were included, 2,124 received (42.5%) and 2,872 (57.5%) did not receive antibiotic prophylaxis. There were fewer overall complications in the group receiving prophylaxis (13.6% vs. 17.1%, p < .001), which corresponded to a 24% adjusted odds reduction in the multivariable analysis (odds ratio [OR] 0.76; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.65–0.89). In the prophylaxis group, there was a lower overall rate of infectious complications (2.1% vs. 3.2%; p = .038; OR 0.68; 95% CI 0.47–0.98) and abscesses (0.8% vs. 1.4%; p = .040; OR 0.54; 95% CI 0.31–0.96). However, no significant differences were seen in the rate of cholangitis (1.3% vs. 1.7%; p = .182; OR 0.74; 95% CI 0.46–1.18).Conclusion: This national quality registry study of ERCPs with failed cannulation showed a significant reduction in overall and infectious complications when prophylactic antibiotics were administered.
|
|
| 15. |
- Safari, Cecilia, 1989, et al.
(författare)
-
Time-resolved serial crystallography to track the dynamics of carbon monoxide in the active site of cytochrome c oxidase
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Science advances. - 2375-2548. ; 9:49
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) is part of the respiratory chain and contributes to the electrochemical membrane gradient in mitochondria as well as in many bacteria, as it uses the energy released in the reduction of oxygen to pump protons across an energy-transducing biological membrane. Here, we use time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography to study the structural response of the active site upon flash photolysis of carbon monoxide (CO) from the reduced heme a3 of ba3-type CcO. In contrast with the aa3-type enzyme, our data show how CO is stabilized on CuB through interactions with a transiently ordered water molecule. These results offer a structural explanation for the extended lifetime of the CuB-CO complex in ba3-type CcO and, by extension, the extremely high oxygen affinity of the enzyme.
|
|
| 16. |
- Wenell, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Swedish Christian Schools as a Case Study of How New Practices Relate to Theological Issues
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Ecclesial Practices. - : Brill Academic Publishers. - 2214-4463 .- 2214-4471. ; 9:2, s. 206-226
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Swedish Pentecostal and neo-Pentecostal churches have, since the 1990s, started elementary schools. In this study, we examine theological issues that this new ‘practice’ brings about or makes visible. We have performed semi-structured interviews with church and school leaders, as well as focus group interviews with staff at three schools. In our analysis, we note that the aim of the schools is not to convert pupils but to create a certain culture and thereby to develop good people. These schools do not have other core values or different aims than public schools but describe these values and aims as Christian. However, the informants believe that they have better tools with which to accomplish these values and aims. We suggest that the informants assume an ethics that focus on values such as individual freedom, tolerance, and love, that conversion is not regarded as a requisite to a good life, and that explicit religious activities are placed in the private sector. These assumptions are not, we argue, seen as new, or caused by the engagement in elementary schools; rather they are regarded as ongoing ‘changes’ in the churches under consideration here that become visible in this praxis.
|
|
