| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Davies, SJ, et al.
(författare)
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Icodextrin improves the fluid status of peritoneal dialysis patients: Results of a double-blind randomized controlled trial
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. - 1046-6673. ; 14:9, s. 2338-2344
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Worsening fluid balance results in reduced technique and patient survival in peritoneal dialysis. Under these conditions, the glucose polymer icodextrin is known to enhance ultrafiltration in the long dwell. A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial was undertaken to compare icodextrin versus 2.27% glucose to establish whether icodextrin improves fluid status. Fifty patients with urine output <750 ml/d, high solute transport, and either treated hypertension or untreated BP >140/90 mmHg, or a requirement for the equivalent of all 2.27% glucose exchanges, were randomized 1: 1 and evaluated at 1, 3, and 6 mo. Members of the icodextrin group lost weight, whereas the control group gained weight. Similar differences in total body water were observed, largely explained by reduced extracellular fluid volume in those receiving icodextrin, who also achieved better ultrafiltration and total sodium losses at 3 mo (P < 0.05) and had better maintenance of urine volume at 6 mo (P = 0.039). In patients fulfilling the study's inclusion criteria, the use of icodextrin, when compared with 2.27% glucose, in the long exchange improves fluid removal and status in peritoneal dialysis. This effect is apparent within I mo of commencement and was sustained for 6 mo without harmful effects on residual renal function.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Gennery, A. R., et al.
(författare)
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Treatment of CD40 ligand deficiency by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a survey of the European experience, 1993-2002
- 2004
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Ingår i: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 0006-4971 .- 1528-0020. ; 103:3, s. 1152-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CD40 ligand (CD40L) deficiency causes recurrent sinopulmonary infection, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and Cryptosporidium parvum infection. Approximately 40% to 50% of patients survive to the third decade: long-term survival is unclear. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is curative. We present a retrospective analysis of 38 European patients undergoing HSCT for CD40L deficiency in 8 European countries between 1993 and 2002. Donor stem cell source included 14 HLA-identical siblings, 22 unrelated donors, and 2 phenotypically matched parental stem cells (12 T-cell depleted). Of the patients, 34 engrafted and 26 (68%) survived; 3 had autologous reconstitution, 22 (58%) were cured, and 1 engrafted but has poor T-cell immune reconstitution. There were 18 evaluated patients who responded to vaccination. Of the patients, 12 (32%) died from infection-related complications, with severe cryptosporidiosis in 6. Grades 2 to 4 graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) associated with infection occurred in 6 of 12 fatal cases. HSCT cured 58% of patients, 72% of those without hepatic disease. Early T-cell function following whole marrow HSCT may limit cryptosporidial disease, but survival was similar after T-cell-depleted HSCT. Preexisting lung damage was the most important adverse risk factor. Further studies will determine optimal timing and type of HSCT.
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| 16. |
- Hampel, Harald, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of phosphorylated tau epitopes in the differential diagnosis of Alzheimer disease: a comparative cerebrospinal fluid study.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Archives of general psychiatry. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 0003-990X. ; 61:1, s. 95-102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Abnormal hyperphosphorylation of the microtubule-associated protein tau and its incorporation into neurofibrillary tangles are major hallmarks of the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD). Different tau phosphoepitopes can be sensitively detected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). OBJECTIVE: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of CSF concentrations of tau proteins phosphorylated at 3 pathophysiologically important epitopes (p-tau) to discriminate among patients with AD, nondemented control subjects, and patients with other dementias. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional, bicenter, memory clinic-based studies. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred sixty-one patients with a clinical diagnosis of AD, frontotemporal dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, or vascular dementia and 45 nondemented controls (N = 206). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Levels of tau protein phosphorylated at threonine 231 (p-tau231), threonine 181 (p-tau181), and serine 199 (p-tau199). The CSF p-tau protein levels were measured using 3 different enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS: The mean CSF levels of the studied p-tau proteins were significantly elevated in patients with AD compared with the other groups. Applied as single markers, p-tau231and p-tau181 reached specificity levels greater than 75% between AD and the combined non-AD group when sensitivity was set at 85% or greater. Statistical differences between the assay performances are presented. Particularly, discrimination between AD and dementia with Lewy bodies was maximized using p-tau181at a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 64%, and p-tau231 maximized group separation between AD and frontotemporal dementia with a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 92%. Combinations of the 3 markers did not add discriminative power compared with the application as single markers. CONCLUSIONS: The p-tau proteins in CSF come closest to fulfilling the criteria of a biological marker of AD. There is a tendency for p-tau proteins to perform differently in the discrimination of primary dementia disorders from AD.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Moberg, A, et al.
(författare)
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Day-to-day temperature variability trends in 160-to 275-year-long European instrumental records
- 2000
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES. - : AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION. - 0747-7309. ; 105:D18, s. 22849-22868
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Day-to-day temperature variability is investigated in eight European series of daily mean temperatures beginning between 1722 and 1833. Eight statistical measures of day-to-day temperature variability are compared. The intramonthly standard deviation of d
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Semadeni Davies, Annette, et al.
(författare)
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Snow and snowmelt
- 2000
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Ingår i: Urban Drainage in Specific Climates : Vol II: Urban Drainage in Cold Climates. - Vol II: Urban Drainage in Cold Climates.. ; :40, s. 41-70
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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