| 11. |
- Halldin, S, et al.
(författare)
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Continuous long-term measurements of soil-plant-atmosphere variables at an agricultural site
- 1999
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Ingår i: AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0168-1923. ; 98-9, s. 75-102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is a major challenge in modem science to decrease the uncertainty in predictions of global climate change. One of the largest uncertainties in present-day global climate models resides with the understanding of processes in the soil-vegetation-atmosphe
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| 12. |
- Hansson, L, et al.
(författare)
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Recombinant human milk bile salt-stimulated lipase. Catalytic activity is retained in the absence of glycosylation and the unique proline-rich repeats.
- 1993
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Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - 0021-9258 .- 1083-351X. ; 268:35, s. 26692-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human milk bile salt-stimulated lipase ensures efficient utilization of triacylglycerol by breast-fed infants. Cloning and sequencing of cDNA have revealed that the peptide chain consists of 722 amino acid residues showing only little homology to typical lipases. The sequence is identical to that of pancreatic carboxylic-ester hydrolase. The COOH-terminal part contains 16 proline-rich repeats of 11 residues with O-linked carbohydrate. The only N-linked sugar chain is situated close to the active-site serine. Using C127 cells and a bovine papilloma virus vector, high and stable expression of full-length lipase and of several variants, obtained by site-directed mutagenesis, was achieved. The produced proteins were purified and further characterized. Variants lacking all, or all but two, repeats were active with similar specific activity and the same bile salt dependence as the native milk enzyme. Changing the asparagine necessary for N-glycosylation gave the same principal results. Active recombinant full-length lipase was also produced in a bacterial system. We conclude that neither glycosylation (N- or O-linked) nor the proline-rich repeats are essential for catalytic activity or bile salt activation of human milk bile salt-stimulated lipase.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Lundberg, J. O. N., et al.
(författare)
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Increased nitric oxide production in collagenous and lymphocytic colitis
- 1997
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Investigation. - : Wiley. - 0014-2972 .- 1365-2362. ; 27:10, s. 869-871
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The production of nitric oxide (NO) is increased in active ulcerative colitis and in Crohn's disease. We have studied NO production in collagenous colitis (CC) and lymphocytic colitis (LC), both of which are inflammatory bowel disorders of unknown aetiology. NO levels were measured directly in gas sampled from the colon during colonoscopy. Plasma levels of NO metabolites (nitrate/nitrite) were also measured. Luminal NO levels were more than 100 times higher in patients with CC compared with controls. In addition, plasma levels of nitrate/nitrite were increased in the patients as compared with controls. Measurements of NO directly in the colon or its oxidation products in plasma may be a helpful tool in further understanding the role of NO in the pathophysiology of CC and LC. Moreover, it is tempting to speculate that these measurements could be clinically useful in the diagnosis and therapy monitoring of these two inflammatory bowel diseases.
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| 17. |
- Lundberg, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Quality of life, health-state utilities and willingness to pay in patients with psoriasis and atopic eczema
- 1999
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Ingår i: British Journal of Dermatology. - : Blackwell Science Ltd. - 1365-2133 .- 0007-0963. ; 141:6, s. 1067-1075
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Skin diseases have been shown to have a significant adverse impact on the health-related quality of life of patients that may be underestimated by objective assessments of clinical severity. The main aim of this study was to measure the health-state utilities on a scale between 0 (dead) and 1 (full health) of patients with psoriasis and atopic eczema, and to measure the willingness to pay for a cure for psoriasis and atopic eczema. A second aim was to analyse how these measures are related to different dimensions of health-related quality of life, as measured by general and disease-specific quality of life instruments and a subjective measure of disability activity. This study was based on data from a questionnaire administered to, and interviews conducted with, 366 patients with psoriasis and atopic eczema aged 17-73 years, attending the dermatology outpatient clinic in Uppsala, Sweden from November 1996 to December 1997. The survey included: a rating scale question, a time trade-off question, a standard gamble question, a dichotomous choice willingness to pay question, a bidding-game willingness to pay question, a generic quality of life instrument (SF-36), a disease-specific quality of life instrument (the Dermatology Life Quality Index) and a subjective measure of disease activity (on a visual analogue scale). The mean health-state utility was 0.69 (rating scale), 0.88 (time trade-off) and 0.97 (standard gamble) for patients with psoriasis. The corresponding health-state utilities for patients with atopic eczema were 0.73, 0.93 and 0.98. On average, patients were willing to pay between 1253 and 1956 Swedish crowns (SEK) per month for a psoriasis cure and between SEK 960 and 1083 per month for an atopic eczema cure ($1 = SEK 8.25 and £1 = SEK 13.23). The health-state utilities were related to SF-36, the Dermatology Life Quality Index and disease activity in the expected direction and the correlations were strongest for rating scale and weakest for standard gamble. The willingness to pay was correlated with the Dermatology Life Quality Index and disease activity, but not with SF-36. The study indicates that it is feasible to measure health-state utilities and willingness to pay in this patient population, and the sizeable willingness to pay suggests that skin diseases are associated with substantial reductions in quality of life.
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| 18. |
- Lundberg, M, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnosis of latex allergy
- 1997
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Ingår i: Allergy. - : Wiley. - 0105-4538 .- 1398-9995. ; 52:10, s. 1042-1043
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 19. |
- Lundin, Lars-Christer, et al.
(författare)
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Continuous long-term measurements of soil-plant-atmosphere variables at a forest site
- 1999
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Ingår i: Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. - 0168-1923 .- 1873-2240. ; 98-99, s. 53-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is a major challenge in modem science to decrease the uncertainty in predictions of global climate change. One of the largest uncertainties in present-day global climate models resides with the understanding of processes in the soil-vegetation-atmosphere-transfer (SVAT) system. Continuous, long-term data are needed in order to correctly quantify balances of water, energy and CO2 in this system and to correctly model it. It is the objective of this paper to demonstrate how a combined system of existing sensor, computer, and network technologies could be set up to provide continuous and reliable long-term SVAT-process data from a forested site under almost all environmental conditions. The Central Tower Site (CTS) system was set up in 1993-1994 in a 25 m high boreal forest growing on a highly heterogeneous till soil with a high content of stones and blocks. It has successfully monitored relevant states and fluxes in the system, such as atmospheric fluxes of momentum, heat, water vapour and CO2, atmospheric profiles of temperature, water vapour, CO2, short-and long-wave radiation, heat storage in soil and trees, sap-dow and a variety of ecophysiological properties, soil-water contents and tensions, and groundwater levels, rainfall and throughfall. System uptime has been more than 90% for most of its components during the first 5 years of operation. Results from the first 5 years of operation include e.g., budgets for energy, water and CO2, information on important but rarely occurring events such as evaporation from snow-covered canopies, and reactions of the forest to extreme drought. The carbon budget shows that the forest may be a sink of carbon although it is still growing. The completeness of the data has made it possible to test the internal consistency of SVAT models. The pioneering set-up at the CTS has been adopted by a large number of SVAT-monitoring sites around the world. Questions concerning tower maintenance, long-term calibration plans, maintenance of sensors and data-collection system, and continuous development of the computer network to keep it up to date are, however, only partly of interest as a research project in itself. It is thus difficult to get it funded from usual research-funding agencies. The full value of data generated by the CTS system can best be appreciated after a decade or more of continuous operation. Main uses of the data would be to evaluate how SVAT models handle the natural variability of climate conditions, quantification of water. carbon and energy budgets during various weather conditions, rind development of new parameterisation schemes in global and regional climate models.
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| 20. |
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