| 11. |
- Biasin, Elisa, et al.
(författare)
-
Anisotropy enhanced X-ray scattering from solvated transition metal complexes
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation. - 0909-0495. ; 25:2, s. 306-315
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Time-resolved X-ray scattering patterns from photoexcited molecules in solution are in many cases anisotropic at the ultrafast time scales accessible at X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs). This anisotropy arises from the interaction of a linearly polarized UV-Vis pump laser pulse with the sample, which induces anisotropic structural changes that can be captured by femtosecond X-ray pulses. In this work, a method for quantitative analysis of the anisotropic scattering signal arising from an ensemble of molecules is described, and it is demonstrated how its use can enhance the structural sensitivity of the time-resolved X-ray scattering experiment. This method is applied on time-resolved X-ray scattering patterns measured upon photoexcitation of a solvated di-platinum complex at an XFEL, and the key parameters involved are explored. It is shown that a combined analysis of the anisotropic and isotropic difference scattering signals in this experiment allows a more precise determination of the main photoinduced structural change in the solute, i.e. the change in Pt - Pt bond length, and yields more information on the excitation channels than the analysis of the isotropic scattering only. Finally, it is discussed how the anisotropic transient response of the solvent can enable the determination of key experimental parameters such as the instrument response function.The analysis of time-resolved X-ray scattering patterns collected at an XFEL upon photoexcitation of a di-platinum complex in solution is described. The analysis quantitatively considers the anisotropy of the signal.
|
|
| 12. |
- Biasin, Elisa, et al.
(författare)
-
Femtosecond X-Ray Scattering Study of Ultrafast Photoinduced Structural Dynamics in Solvated[Co(terpy)2]2$
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - : American Physical Society (APS). - 1079-7114 .- 0031-9007. ; 117:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study the structural dynamics of photoexcited [Co(terpy)2]2+ in an aqueous solution with ultrafast x-ray diffuse scattering experiments conducted at the Linac Coherent Light Source. Through direct comparisons with density functional theory calculations, our analysis shows that the photoexcitation event leads to elongation of the Co-N bonds, followed by coherent Co-N bond length oscillations arising from the impulsive excitation of a vibrational mode dominated by the symmetrical stretch of all six Co-N bonds. This mode has a period of 0.33 ps and decays on a subpicosecond time scale. We find that the equilibrium bond-elongated structure of the high spin state is established on a single-picosecond time scale and that this state has a lifetime of ∼7 ps.
|
|
| 13. |
- Blaxekjær, Lau Øfjord, et al.
(författare)
-
Mapping the narrative positions of new political groups under the UNFCCC
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Climate Policy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1469-3062 .- 1752-7457. ; 15:6, s. 751-766
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since 2009, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) regime has seen the emergence of several new political groups. This article analyses how the new political groups are positioning themselves in relation to the key UNFCCC principles (the North–South divide and ‘common but differentiated responsibility and respective capabilities’, CBDR/ RC). Drawing on original data, including official statements and submissions, observations at COP 17, COP 18, COP 19, and interviews with delegates, the article analyses the BASIC group (Brazil, South Africa, India and China), the Climate Vulnerable Forum (CVF), the Cartagena Dialogue for Progressive Action (CD), the Durban Alliance (DA), the Like-Minded Developing Countries (LMDC), and the Association of Independent Latin American and Caribbean States (AILAC). Modelled after Hendrik Wagenaar’s approach to narrative policy analysis, the article draws a map of narrative positions based on the North–South and new CBDR/RC divisions. This framework reveals the embeddedness of narratives in practice as they unfold in the formation of new political groups. CVF, CD, DA and AILAC align on a narrative of ‘shared responsibility across the North–South divide’. This meta-narrative challenges the hitherto dominant notion of CBDR/RC, which BASIC and LMDC defend through a meta-narrative of ‘differentiated responsibility upholding the North–South divide’.
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
- Blennow Nordström, Erik, et al.
(författare)
-
Validity of the IQCODE-CA : An informant questionnaire on cognitive decline modified for a cardiac arrest population
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Resuscitation. - : Elsevier. - 0300-9572 .- 1873-1570. ; 118, s. 8-14
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To examine the psychometric properties of a modified version of the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE), for a cardiac arrest population (IQCODE-CA). Methods: The IQCODE-CA, a 26-item observer-reported questionnaire, was completed by informants, defined as relatives or close friends, of 268 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survivors who participated in the Target Temperature Management trial in a scheduled follow-up 180 +/- 14 days after OHCA. Survivors completed the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test (RBMT) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). An exploratory factor analysis was performed. Associations between IQCODE-CA results and demographic variables along with other instruments were calculated. Area under the curve (AUC) ratios were evaluated to examine discrimination. Results: The IQCODE-CA measured one factor, global cognitive decline, with high internal consistency (ordinal alpha = 0.95). Age, gender or education did not influence the IQCODE-CA score. Associations with performance-based measures of global cognitive function as well as anxiety and depression ranged from small to moderate (rs = -0.29 to 0.38). AUC ratios ranged from fair to good (0.72-0.81). According to the MMSE and RBMT, the optimal cut-off score to identify cognitive decline on the IQCODE-CA was 3.04. Using this value, 53% of the survivors were under the cut-off. Conclusions: The IQCODE-CA identified a large amount of survivors with possible cognitive problems, making it useful when screening for cognitive decline post-CA. Due to lower AUC ratios than desired, additional performance-based measures should be used to improve the overall screening methodology. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 16. |
- Bohm, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
-
Detailed analysis of health-related quality of life after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Resuscitation. - : Elsevier. - 0300-9572 .- 1873-1570. ; 135:February, s. 197-204
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim:To describe the detailed health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in survivors from the TTM-trial and to investigate potential differences related to sex and age.Methods:This is a cross-sectional study originating from a large prospective international, multicentre trial, including 442 respondents who answered the Short Form-36 item Questionnaire Health Survey version 2® (SF-36v2®) at a structured follow-up 6 months after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Statistical analysis between independent groups were performed with Mann-Whitney U or Chi-square. Age was analysed primarily as a dichotomised variable.Results:Although overall physical and mental health were within the normal range, a substantial proportion of respondents had impaired function at domain-specific levels, particularly in Role-Physical (50%) and Role-Emotional (35%). Females scored significantly lower than males in; Physical Functioning (41.7 vs. 47.9, p < 0.001), Role-Physical (40.4 vs. 44.3, p = 0.02), General Health (47.0 vs. 50.5, p = 0.02), Vitality (47.2 vs. 52.7, p < 0.001), and Role-Emotional (41.5 vs. 46.2, p = 0.009). Those ≤65 years scored significantly better in Physical Functioning (47.9 vs. 44.1 p < 0.001), while those >65 years scored significantly better in Vitality (50.8 vs. 53.7, p = 0.006) and Mental Health (50.3 vs. 52.6, p = 0.04).Conclusions:Many OHCA survivors demonstrated impaired function in HRQoL at a domain level, despite most patients reporting an acceptable general HRQoL. Females reported worse HRQoL than males. Older age was associated with a worse Physical Functioning but better Vitality and Mental Health. Role-Physical and Role-Emotional aspects of health were especially affected, even when effects of age and sex where accounted for.
|
|
| 17. |
- Borgquist, Ola, et al.
(författare)
-
Dysglycemia, glycemic variability, and outcome after cardiac arrest and temperature management at 33°C and 36°C
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Critical Care Medicine. - 0090-3493. ; 45:8, s. 1337-1343
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Dysglycemia and glycemic variability are associated with poor outcomes in critically ill patients. Targeted temperature management alters blood glucose homeostasis. We investigated the association between blood glucose concentrations and glycemic variability and the neurologic outcomes of patients randomized to targeted temperature management at 33°C or 36°C after cardiac arrest. Design: Post hoc analysis of the multicenter TTM-trial. Primary outcome of this analysis was neurologic outcome after 6 months, referred to as "Cerebral Performance Category." Setting: Thirty-six sites in Europe and Australia. Patients: All 939 patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest of presumed cardiac cause that had been included in the TTM-trial. Interventions: Targeted temperature management at 33°C or 36°C. Measurements and Main Results: Nonparametric tests as well as multiple logistic regression and mixed effects logistic regression models were used. Median glucose concentrations on hospital admission differed significantly between Cerebral Performance Category outcomes (p < 0.0001). Hyper- and hypoglycemia were associated with poor neurologic outcome (p = 0.001 and p = 0.054). In the multiple logistic regression models, the median glycemic level was an independent predictor of poor Cerebral Performance Category (Cerebral Performance Category, 3-5) with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.13 in the adjusted model (p = 0.008; 95% CI, 1.03-1.24). It was also a predictor in the mixed model, which served as a sensitivity analysis to adjust for the multiple time points. The proportion of hyperglycemia was higher in the 33°C group compared with the 36°C group. Conclusion: Higher blood glucose levels at admission and during the first 36 hours, and higher glycemic variability, were associated with poor neurologic outcome and death. More patients in the 33°C treatment arm had hyperglycemia.
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
- Canton, Sophie, et al.
(författare)
-
Visualizing the non-equilibrium dynamics of photoinduced intramolecular electron transfer with femtosecond X-ray pulses.
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ultrafast photoinduced electron transfer preceding energy equilibration still poses many experimental and conceptual challenges to the optimization of photoconversion since an atomic-scale description has so far been beyond reach. Here we combine femtosecond transient optical absorption spectroscopy with ultrafast X-ray emission spectroscopy and diffuse X-ray scattering at the SACLA facility to track the non-equilibrated electronic and structural dynamics within a bimetallic donor-acceptor complex that contains an optically dark centre. Exploiting the 100-fold increase in temporal resolution as compared with storage ring facilities, these measurements constitute the first X-ray-based visualization of a non-equilibrated intramolecular electron transfer process over large interatomic distances. Experimental and theoretical results establish that mediation through electronically excited molecular states is a key mechanistic feature. The present study demonstrates the extensive potential of femtosecond X-ray techniques as diagnostics of non-adiabatic electron transfer processes in synthetic and biological systems, and some directions for future studies, are outlined.
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
