| 11. |
- Dominic, Chris, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
-
Four-dimensional concurrent engineering : an extended theoretical framework integrating packaging
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Four-dimensional concurrent engineering. - : IAPRI. ; , s. 48-48
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper takes on the challenge to integrate packaging in a concept of four-dimensional concurrent engineering (4DCE). The purpose is to explore a conceptual model and empirically evaluate the specific performance of packaging in interrelation with product and processes in the Supply Chain (SC). The objectives are to better understand the concepts of packaging logistics and logistics management in the SC. The conceptual model 4DCE is developed based on the three-dimensional concurrent engineering theories.The tool Packaging Scorecard is applied to evaluate the concurrent performance of packaging throughout the SC. The packaging system involves many actors that are integrated into the 4DCE framework with focus on interaction of SC and logistics in relation to packaging and product, with the overall aim to operate as effectively and efficiently as possible. In order to explore the potential of the 4DCE framework, empirical verification and testing of the concept has been carried out. The process has been done through multiple in-depth, action-oriented case studies in three different industries on the Swedish market. The case studies covered holistic aspects on the packaging system.The concept 4DCE contributes to packaging logistics theory by providing a framework for assessment incorporating complex and dynamic interactions between product, packaging, logistics and SC. Furthermore, the holistic packaging development concept is ensured by increasing knowledge of the packaging system and how it interacts with actors and performs to fulfil requirements along the SC. The 4DCE provides valuable data for packaging development processes in the cases, however there is a need for broader studies in different industries.
|
|
| 12. |
- Dufek, Jan, 1978
(författare)
-
Building the nodal nuclear data dependences in a many-dimensional state-variable space
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Annals of Nuclear Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-4549 .- 1873-2100. ; 38:7, s. 1569-1577
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present new methods for building the polynomial-regression based nodal nuclear data models. Thedata models can reflect dependences on a large number of state variables, and they can consider varioushistory effects. Suitable multivariate polynomials that approximate the nodal data dependences are identifiedefficiently in an iterative manner. The history effects are analysed using a new sampling scheme forlattice calculations where the traditional base burnup and branch calculations are replaced by a largenumber of diverse burnup histories. The total number of lattice calculations is controlled so that the datamodels are built to a required accuracy.
|
|
| 13. |
- Dufek, Jan, 1978-
(författare)
-
Complex models of nodal nuclear data
- 2011
-
Ingår i: International Conference on Mathematics and Computational Methods Applied to Nuclear Science and Engineering (M&C 2011). - 9788563688002
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the core simulations, nuclear data are required at various nodal thermal-hydraulic and fuel burnup conditions. The nodal data are also partially affected by thermal-hydraulic and fuel burnup conditions in surrounding nodes as these change the neutron energy spectrum in the node. Therefore, the nodal data are functions of many parameters (state variables), and the more state variables are considered by the nodal data models the more accurate and flexible the models get. The existing table and polynomial regressionmodels, however, cannot reflect the data dependences on many state variables. As for the table models, the number of mesh points (and necessary lattice calculations) grows exponentially with the number of variables. As for the polynomial regression models, the number of possible multivariate polynomials exceeds the limits of existing selection algorithms that should identify a few dozens of the most important polynomials. Also, the standard scheme of lattice calculations is not convenient for modelling the data dependences on various burnup conditions since it performs only a single or few burnup calculations at fixed nominal conditions. We suggest a new efficient algorithm for selecting the most important multivariate polynomials for the polynomial regression models so that dependences on many state variables can be considered. We also present a new scheme for lattice calculations where a large number of burnup histories are accomplished at varied nodal conditions. The number of lattice calculations being performed and the number of polynomials being analysed are controlled and minimised while building the nodal data models of a required accuracy.
|
|
| 14. |
- Engström, Tomas, 1950, et al.
(författare)
-
Engström, T. and Jonsson, D. (2016). Development and Application of (Certain) Principles for Work Structuring
- 2015
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This manuscript is an extensive book (or preprint not yet finished to due to one the author’s retirement) summaries four decades research and development work dealing with development work of alternatives to assembly lines and assembly line work, as have been the case for one of the two authors from a technical point of departure (he is a senior research competency in mechanical engineering). On the other hand, the other authors have an even longer time perspective, but he has a social science background (he is a senior research competency within sociology for more than four decades). That is, they have been working at Chalmers University of Technology respectively at Gothenburg University all throughout their professional life. This while they both are belonging to a normative sociotechnical research tradition earlier at hand in the Gothenburg area, which actually has emanated from specific precursors at Gothenburg University (i.e. mainly professor Edmund Dalhström at the Department of Sociology), this research tradition was later on brought over to Chalmers by professor Ulf Karlsson responsible for operation management at the same university. It is fair to state that this research area required the amalgamation of technical as well as social science aspects. Efforts that during the passing years have been substantiated by extensive help and support from the Swedish automotive industry (Saab Scania and Volvo companies, as well as other parts of the industry) and also from several governmental research foundations. In fact, a truer cross and multi-science research approach than what usually is at hand has always been required. The extensive book manuscript is exceeding more than 600 pages. Twelve chapters exists as well as also a number of freestanding appendixes and the necessary (all-pervading) definitions of primary concepts and term in combination with explaining various synonyms and homonyms (a particular dilemma for cross and multi-science approaches) (i.e. are we in agreement with the text it alone, or are we eventually together understanding the underlying meaning). Moreover, the text is scrutinized by word process programs in form of Word as well as by the professional English check-up program Grammarly) and all of the necessary figures are completed. i.e. several revisions of this manuscript have been iterated first between the authors and later on against other parties. Most notable are external revisions by two senior research competencies (professor David Bennet responsible for operation management at Aston Business School, Birmingham and professor Lennart Nilsson responsible for vocational learning and training at Gothenburg University, Gothenburg). The authoring just described (involving the initiated hinted just above) have occupied our minds for more than one decade (our co-authoring and work with specific Japanese research colleagues, have most certainly underlined a need for careful writing, since among other things just nicking the practitioners’ nomenclature will be misleading, as is also the case while relaying on one or a few scientific research areas) (see some of the other publications registrated in Chalmers Public Library CLP) (it is most certainly an extensive research area, and the skills needed to be mastered in order to understand are indeed wide). The underlying principles of any (real-life) assembly system must, according to our understanding, are inventible required to be explained. Thus, it is important for the analyst to grasp whether or not the principle applied is correct or if the practice is questionable. This means, metaphorically speaking, is the original drawings accurate or have the execution (practice) faulty. The two most sociotechnically advanced (real-life) assembly systems both proved to be successful (more efficient and flexible in relation to comparable assembly lines, and work and work conditions were far better). They were both based on correct principles (i.e. the nowadays defunct Volvo Uddevalla plant and the so-called assembly docks at the Volvo Tuve heavy truck chassis plant located in Gothenburg). As will become evident by the content brought forward in this extensive book manuscript. A comment. The most socio-technically advanced assembly system designs inventible requires reformed/reconfigured information systems dealing with product data (which in turn defines the product architecture and product variation). In fact, no any such (real-life) plant or assembly system would work as anticipated otherwise. And this publication is to some extent describing some selected aspects of this (very) dilemma (changing information systems are usually not something considered than designing assembly systems) (thus are totally new plants – and in turn totally new information systems – most often the real practical change to create something unorthodox) (however, which scientist will gain such opportunities, this is really rare, i.e. the projection of the Volvo Uddevalla plant was thus an exception and the trust given by the industry – by Volvo Uddevalla project organisation – was appreciated by some of the authors).
|
|
| 15. |
- Engström, Tomas, 1950, et al.
(författare)
-
Principles of Work Structuring: A general and thus also more reasoning introduction
- 2016
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This completed article (or preprint not yet finished to due to one the author’s retirement) is based on a more extensive publication that also is registered a preprint at Chalmers Public library (CPL) (i.e. Engström and Jonsson 2015 “Development and application of (certain) Principles for work structuring” a book manuscript of more than 600 pages twelve chapters and a number of freestanding appendixes) (a work that have occupied the authors' minds for almost two decades) (see the just mentioned publication that also is registered in CPL). The selected book content has been scrutinised yet another time by a professional with regard to the English language. However, in this particular case (for this article) have just some of the content in the more extensive publication been refined further by mean of a selection of the matters that have been judged as of common interest as well as possible to delimit to approximatively some one hundred pages. This in order to create a more legible publication which could be grasped by more readers than what usual are the case. The matters treated calls for a mastering of a number of different contexts, as well as a certain sort of preunderstanding numerous details, which need to be explained to most readers. This is actually an almost inevitable nature of the content in this completed article, even though (rather naturally) it is, of course, likely to blame such situation on the authors themselves. Please, remember that the research and development work dealt with cowers more than the four decades work of a cross and multi-disciplinary nature. That is a hard and intensive work of both practitioner and scientist from various scientific disciplines. Efforts which have been amalgamated by the common aim to develop alternatives to line assembly featuring e.g. parallel product flow assembly systems designs with small (parallel) autonomous workgroups. These unorthodox (real-life) assembly systems featured (what was international unique solely in just two Swedish cases) advanced materials feeding techniques and extensively long work cycle times (some nine percent of the assembly workers were officially able to master completing whole automobiles single-handedly, i.e. all by themselves) (some more were able to do so, but they were not interested in the official test required). As a sort of quintessence (final proof) of the sociotechnical research tradition in the Gothenburg area, were both (1) the nowadays defunct Volvo Uddevalla plant and (2) the closed down so-called assembly docks at the Volvo Tuve heavy truck chassis plant located in Gothenburg. These sociotechnical advanced, unorthodox (real-life) designs were in most respects the responsibility of one of the two authors and his colleagues. Who for nine years disposed a number of experimental workshops located outside the Chalmers University of technology that were used for disassembly of automobiles and heavy truck chassis (including analyses of the content in various Volvo information systems, a content which were displayed on original and customised paper print out exposed out on elbow-high large tables besides the decomposed automotive products. Such approach was unavoidably needed in order to e.g. construct the appropriate assembly work instruction for the extensively long work cycle time practised, and to thereby also revise product information harboured in the various information system. (The information systems available at this period of time proved in fact to be unable to support the very unfamiliar way to assemble the products in question. In fact, they were misleading thereby giving birth to a common misunderstanding of e.g. an immense number of product variants and a far too complex product perceived to be impossible to understand.) Finally, as said before the approximate hundred pages of the condensed more extensive publication have been rewritten by the two authors in connection to a successive proofreading by a professional (Lille-More Arnäs at the Linguae Company who is familiar with our linguistic usage and who has proof-read our publications for decades). The aim is to evolve the content further to thereby create a nucleus for our future work to finalize the more extensive publication. A comment: The most socio-technically advanced assembly system designs inventible requires reformed/reconfigured information systems dealing with product data (which in turn defines the product architecture and product variation). In fact, no any such (real-life) plant or assembly system would work as anticipated otherwise. And this publication is to some extent describing some selected aspects of this (very) dilemma (changing information systems are usually not something considered than designing assembly systems) (thus are totally new plants – and in turn totally new information systems – most often the real practical change to create something unorthodox) (however, which scientist will gain such opportunities, this is really rare, i.e. the projection of the Volvo Uddevalla plant was thus an exception and the trust given by the industry – by Volvo Uddevalla project organisation – was appreciated by some of the authors).
|
|
| 16. |
- Engström, Tomas, 1950
(författare)
-
Some Socio-Technological Aspects on Assembly System Designs in Japan and Sweden. A theoretical analysis
- 2016
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This completed and scrutinised article (or preprint not yet finished to due to the author’s retirement) is based on a more the thirty years cooperation with scientists located in Japan (featuring various Japanese financing, joint-venture seminars and other scientific initiatives like co-authoring, research tours in Japan and Sweden visiting various shop-floor operations, etc. But, the article is also bringing forward specific knowledge from the author’s earlier experiences regarding the development of alternatives to assembly line (initiated in 1975), as have been practised by one of his tutors gained before his doctor's degree at the Saab Scania plant in Trollhättan (initiated in 1970). This article has (for a decade) been completed and sent to our Japanese research colleagues as a chapter of a common book project (an anthology), which so far has not been fully completed due to several different reasons. This article is illuminating the (from the author’s perspective) recent development of so-called lean production (this approach was not existing during the 1970s and 1980s, at least not as the explicit theoretical frame of reference that is at hand nowadays). This with regard to the assembly work as were and partly still are at hand on the Japanese assembly lines. That is, considering the knowledge and experiences briefly hinted being at hand just above (the scientific context described), are the author in this article carrying out a sort of theoretical analyze of group work in the two countries. Thereby it becomes possible to compare, what may here be denoted as, a the most refined Japanese assembly lines (as was and is practiced by e.g. Toyota) with the most advanced unorthodox Swedish alternatives to assembly work (as was practiced earlier by the autonomous workgroups at Saab Scania in their body shop, and later on proved to also be successful in the nowadays defunct Volvo Uddevalla plant more than twenty-five years later). This means that serial and parallel product flows assembly system designs, with very short respectively extensively long work cycle times, are analyzed. Exploiting the sociotechnical theory, which was applied in e.g. the body shop case, on the Japanese counterpart proves that the two different assembly system designs had certain (important) characteristic (differences and resemblances). These characteristics, in turn, inflicts the efficiency, flexibility and work as well as work condition. Such comparisons are, according to the author’s insight, inventible necessary to grasp for any analyst, then he or she are discussing assembly work in any type of assembly system design (Note, not all plants are not alike. Furthermore, the theoretical frames of references have to be brought forward and also kept constant in order to conduct far more in-depth analyses).
|
|
| 17. |
- Frennert, Susanne, PhD, et al.
(författare)
-
Using attention cards to facilitate active participation in eliciting old adults' requirements for assistive robots
- 2013
-
Ingår i: IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Interactive Communication. - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781479905072 ; , s. 774-779, s. 774-779
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Engaging old users in the exploration of future product concepts can be challenging. It is of great value to find ways to actively involve them in the design of novel technologies intended for them, particularly when they have no prior experience of the technology in question. One obstacle in this process is that many old people do not identify themselves as being old or they think that it (the technology) would be good for others but not themselves. This paper presents a card method to overcome this obstacle. A full-day workshop with three internal focus groups was run with 14 participants. Based on our experience, we propose a way in which active participation in the process of eliciting user requirements for assistive robots from old users with no prior experience of assistive robots can be carried out.
|
|
| 18. |
- Garrote Jurado, Ramon, 1962-
(författare)
-
Educational Software in Engineering Education
- 2015
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis contributes to the quality of engineering education and the accessibility of education worldwide by promoting computer-enhanced teaching and learning. It uses the epistemology of John Dewey (1859-1952) and the action research methodology first advanced by Kurt Lewin (1890-1947). A mixed methods approach that combines qualitative case studies with quantitative research methods is used.In the first of three case studies engineering students working on their final degree projects participated. To elicit interaction, a learning management system (LMS) was used and the students were strongly encouraged to discuss various aspects of their work.The second case focused on the barriers to a wider utilization of educational software in engineering education. The case is delimited to lecturers at the School of Engineering at the University of Borås. The investigation focuses on the lecturers’ reluctance to use educational technology and the slow uptake of new pedagogical methods in engineering education.The third case study covers three subsets of participants. A course intended to improve lecturers handling skills and motivation to utilize educational software in a pedagogically sound manner was given in Cuba, Guatemala and Peru.The first case demonstrated that computer-enhanced collaborative learning can improve the learning experience and performance of engineering students. The second case showed that LMS tools that facilitate traditional methods are used routinely, whereas lecturers often refrain from using features intended to facilitate collaboration and the creation of communities of learners.The third case study investigated the use of a complete course package, with all course material and software contained on the same USB drive (LiveUSB Mediated Education, LUME). It is asserted that LUME can facilitate constructivist pedagogical methods and help overcome the reluctance of lecturers to utilize educational software in a pedagogical sound way.
|
|
| 19. |
- Gremyr, Ida, 1975, et al.
(författare)
-
A developmental view on implementation of quality management concepts
- 2014
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1756-669X .- 1756-6703. ; 6:2/3, s. 143-154
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the value of a developmental learning view on implementation of quality management (QM) concepts. QM concepts are common in various organizations; some implement them smoothly, others struggle and sometimes even abandon the initiatives. What is then a successful implementation – is it the use a specific QM method as a standard problem solving approach, or is it that learning has occurred during implementation?Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on an illustrative case study carried out at a hospital in western Sweden. The data have been collected through about 130 hours of participation in project work by the first author and through seven face-to-face interviews of about one hour each.Findings – It is shown that a Design for Six Sigma pilot project with a narrow view on implementation could be regarded as a failure, but it gave rise to much learning and new improved ways of working. Hence, it is argued that a developmental view on implementation can support learning by an emergent and experimental approach to implementation processes.Originality/value – Much research has been done on how to increase the success rate of implementations of QM initiatives, e.g. procedures to follow to reach an outcome where the new way of working is standard procedure. Less research has problematized the implementation process, questioning what a successful outcome of an implementation is.
|
|
| 20. |
- Grimsberg, Michaël, et al.
(författare)
-
Vem styr egentligen grundutbildningen?
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Proceedings 5:e Utvecklingskonferensen för Sveriges ingenjörsutbildningar, Uppsala universitet, 18 – 19 november 2015. - : Uppsala universitet. ; , s. 18-22
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vi belyser olikheter och likheter i hur grundutbildningen styrs på fyra svenska tekniska högskolor. Vi jämför hur lärare och examinatorer väljs ut, hur medel fördelas och vilken roll programansvariga (eller motsvarande) har. De strukturella skillnaderna är relativt stora med störst autonomi för programansvariga på Chalmers tekniska högskola vilket delvis har att göra med att detta lärosäte lyder under aktiebolagslagen.
|
|
