| 21. |
- Malmqvist, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
-
Cytoskeletal and contractile proteins in detrusor smooth muscle from bladders with outlet obstruction--a comparative study in rat and man
- 1991
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; 25:4, s. 261-267
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Detrusor biopsies were obtained from patients with urinary outlet obstruction due to prostatic enlargement and from age-matched control patients. The relative amounts of actin and myosin and their isoforms, as well as desmin and filamin were determined and compared with corresponding results from bladders from control rats and rats with 10 days of experimental outlet obstruction of the urinary bladder. In the human control detrusor the actin/myosin ratio was similar to that in the control rat. The isoform distribution of the myosin heavy chains differed between man and rat. In the biopsies from the patients with outlet obstruction and in the obstructed rat bladders the actin/myosin ratio was increased. A change in the myosin heavy chain distribution in the obstructed bladders was observed for both species. The filamin/actin ratio increased significantly in the obstructed rat bladders and tended to increase in the obstructed human bladders. Desmin was the dominating intermediate filament protein. The desmin/actin ratio increased in obstructed bladders in man and in rat.
|
|
| 22. |
- Malmqvist, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
-
Mechanics and Ca(2+)-sensitivity of human detrusor muscle bundles studied in vitro
- 1991
-
Ingår i: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6772. ; 143:4, s. 373-380
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mechanical properties of isolated smooth muscle strips from human urinary bladder were investigated in vitro. Bladder tissue was obtained from tumour-free wall regions of bladders from male patients undergoing cystectomy for bladder carcinoma. In intact muscle strips, activated with high-K+ solution, half-maximal force occurred at about 0.9 mM extracellular [Ca2+]. The length-active force relation was determined and the muscle strips were fixed for light and electron microscopy at optimal length for active force (1o). The maximal active force per unit smooth muscle cross-sectional area was 208 +/- 49 mN/mm2, n = 6. Chemically skinned preparations were obtained by treatment with triton X-100. These preparations had a steep [Ca2+]-force relation in the micromolar range which was influenced by calmodulin. The skinned preparations could be maximally activated by irreversible thiophosphorylation of the regulatory light chains. The force-velocity relation was determined in the maximally activated skinned muscle at 22 degrees C at 0.51o. When the muscle was shortened by 10%, force was reduced by 35% whereas the maximal shortening velocity was little affected.
|
|
| 23. |
- Löfberg, Helge, et al.
(författare)
-
Demonstration and classification of amyloidosis in needle biopsies of the kidneys, with special reference to amyloidosis of the AA-type
- 1987
-
Ingår i: APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0108-0164. ; 95A:1-6, s. 357-363
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To examine whether sequence-specific antibodies directed against serum amyloid A were useful in the demonstration and classification of amyloidosis, needle biopsy specimens from the kidneys of 152 cases with renal disorders were investigated using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex technique of immunohistochemistry. A distinct immunoreactivity of protein AA was seen in biopsies from all 42 individuals who were clinically classified as having the AA-type of amyloidosis. The stained areas coincided with deposits stained by Congo red. Four of these cases demonstrated immunoreactivity of both protein AA and light immunoglobulin chains and all biopsies except one showed immunoreactivity for the amyloid P-component. After treatment with potassium permanganate, the amyloid deposits in the biopsies of all 42 cases lost their affinity for Congo red. Ten patients with clinical and laboratory findings compatible with the AL-type of amyloidosis were also investigated. All their biopsies demonstrated Congophilic amyloid deposits but none of them showed any immunoreactivity of protein AA. Amyloid deposits of lambda light immunoglobulin chains-but not kappa-were demonstrated in biopsies from four patients. The amyloid P-component was found in biopsies from six individuals and positive Congo red staining after treatment with potassium permanganate was seen in biopsies from four of the cases. Biopsies of 100 patients suffering from non-amyloid renal disorders were also examined. None of them displayed any immunoreactive deposits of protein AA. The investigation shows that amyloid deposits of the AA-type can be identified in needle biopsies when sequence-specific antibodies against serum amyloid A are used in the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex technique. Both the diagnostic sensitivity (42 of 42) and specificity (110 of 110) of the assay were optimal (1.0). The method was found to be superior to other investigated techniques and useful for classifying amyloidosis in formalin-fixed renal biopsies.
|
|
| 24. |
- Olafsson, Isleifur, et al.
(författare)
-
Production, characterization and use of monoclonal antibodies against the major extracellular human cysteine proteinase inhibitors cystatin C and kininogen
- 1988
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Investigation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7686 .- 0036-5513. ; 48:6, s. 573-582
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Murine monoclonal antibodies against the major cysteine proteinase inhibitors of human biological fluids, cystatin C and kininogen, were produced. The cystatin C antibody, HCC3, with a Ka of 2times107 l/mol, increased the inhibition of papain by cystatin C and was suitable for use in immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry and in the construction of a sensitive sandwich enzyme immunoassay for quantification of cystatin C. It recognized not only free cystatin C but also cystatin C in complexes with cysteine proteinases. The kininogen antibody, HK4, was directed against the third, cysteine proteinase inhibitory domain of the heavy chain of kininogen (Ka=1times107 l/mol), but did not influence the papain inhibitory activity of kininogen. It reacted with free kininogen as well as kininogen in complex with cysteine proteinases. Both antibodies could be used for the production of specific immunosorbents.
|
|
| 25. |
- Ulander, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Assessment of intermittent trichloroethylene exposure in vapor degreasing
- 1992
-
Ingår i: American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. - 0002-8894. ; 53:11, s. 742-3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To validate various sampling strategies in assessment of trichloroethylene (TCE) exposure, urine and air samples were obtained from 29 metal workers involved in vapor degreasing. Urinary trichloroacetic acid and trichloroethanol were useful metabolites to estimate TCE exposure on a group basis, but the predictive value of a single urine sample was low when related to the air concentration. With intermittent TCE exposure, the best information is obtained by analyzing both metabolites.
|
|
| 26. |
|
|
| 27. |
- Fairhall, Keith M, 1951, et al.
(författare)
-
Effect of food withdrawal and insulin on growth hormone secretion in the guinea pig.
- 1990
-
Ingår i: Endocrinology. - 0013-7227. ; 127:2, s. 716-23
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The guinea pig is unusual in that its postnatal growth appears to be independent of GH even though its pituitary gland produces a GH molecule. The effects of fasting on the GH secretory pattern and the GH responses to insulin, GH-releasing factor (GRF), and somatostatin (SS) during fasting have now been studied by automatic microsampling of blood in chronically cannulated normal guinea pigs. Withdrawal of food in both male and female guinea pigs changed the GH secretory pattern dramatically. The normal episodic GH secretory pattern [large GH peaks occurring at 3.6 +/- 0.4-h intervals over a low (approximately 0.5-1.5 ng/ml) baseline secretion] was altered to a pattern of more continuous GH output, characterized by a 10-fold elevated baseline secretion (5-15 ng/ml) with no large secretory episodes or troughs. Glucose injections (three injections of 600 mg, iv, at hourly intervals) in fasted guinea pigs lowered their elevated blood GH levels significantly (from 9.1 +/- 1.1 to 6.5 +/- 0.9 ng/ml). Insulin injections (1, 2, or 6 U, iv) inhibited spontaneous GH pulses in normally fed animals, but had little effect on the high continuous GH tone during fasting. The elevated GH secretion in fasted animals could be inhibited by continuous infusion of SS or a single iv injection of a long-acting SS analog. The secretion of GH during fasting could be further increased, either by injections of GRF (two injections of 2 micrograms, iv, 90 min apart), producing peak levels of 102 +/- 16 and 68 +/- 21 ng/ml (above a baseline output of 8.8 +/- 2.2 ng/ml), or by a continuous iv infusion of GRF (12 micrograms/h). Because the GH secretory pattern in the guinea pig is so sensitive to nutrition and insulin, this species may provide an interesting model in which to study selectively the metabolic, as opposed to growth-promoting, actions and regulation of GH.
|
|
| 28. |
- Gabrielsson, Britt, 1957, et al.
(författare)
-
Growth hormone secretion in the guinea-pig
- 1990
-
Ingår i: Journal of Endocrinology. - 1479-6805 .- 0022-0795. ; 124:3, s. 371-80
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The guinea-pig is unusual in that it continues to grow at a normal rate after hypophysectomy. Although its pituitary gland appears to contain a GH, this has not been isolated or characterized, and nothing is known about its secretion or physiological control. We have identified guinea-pig GH, established a sensitive heterologous radioimmunoassay and adapted our automatic blood microsampling method to study spontaneous GH secretion in this species. In male guinea-pigs, GH is released in an episodic pattern, reminiscent of the rat. Large multicomponent pulses of GH secretion occur every 3-4 h between periods of low or undetectable GH release, whereas most females showed a more uniform pulsatile pattern with pulses every 1-2 h. GH was released in response to GH-releasing factor (GRF) injections (2, 10 or 20 micrograms [Nle27]-GRF(1-29)NH2) in a dose-dependent fashion, and i.v. infusion of somatostatin (50 micrograms/h) blocked spontaneous GH pulses, eliciting a rebound release (from 2.0 +/- 0.8 (S.E.M.) to 36 +/- 17 micrograms/l 30 min after stopping the infusion). Infusions of a GH-releasing hexapeptide (100 or 400 micrograms/h for 4 h) also released GH. These results provide the first description of the pattern of GH release in the guinea-pig, and suggest that the striking episodic pattern is controlled by the same hypothalamic peptides that regulate GH in other species. Since the guinea-pig grows well in the absence of GH, this species may use GH for its metabolic, rather than growth-promoting actions. The guinea-pig may well prove a useful model, now that methods are available for studying its endogenous GH secretion.
|
|
| 29. |
- Schagatay, Erika
(författare)
-
Human sexual dimorphism
- 1991
-
Ingår i: The Aquatic Ape. - London : Souvenir Press. - 0285630334 ; , s. 299-305
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
|
|
| 30. |
- Schagatay, Erika
(författare)
-
The second crisis
- 1991
-
Ingår i: The aquatic ape. - 0285630334 ; , s. 296-299
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Schagatay E, (1991) In: "The aquatic ape: Fact or fiction?", M Roede, J Wind, J Patrick, V Reynolds (eds) Souvenir Press, London, p 296-299.
|
|
