| 21. |
- Alänge, Sverker, 1951
(författare)
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Acquisition of Capabilitities through International Technology Transfer
- 1987
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The focus in this thesis is on the acquisition of static and dynamic capabilities in LDC industry. This has been studied in small industries in Tanzania, which were started through international technology transfer, in which small producing firms from Sweden acted as technology suppliers (The Sister Industry Programme).The data has been collected during an eight-year period, beginning from the start of the first projects in Tanzania in 1978. In total, interviews have been conducted in 22 Tanzanian firms and 18 Swedish firms, supplemented by interviews with authorities and consultants. An in-depth study of acquired capabilities was carried out in 1983, forming the basis for an assessment of the technology transfer programme. An analytical scheme was made for the analysis of static and dynamic technological and managerial capabilities. These include production/administrative and inventive/entrepreneurial capabilities. Furthermore, during the course of the research, a method was developed for estimating the dynamic long-term effects in terms of magnitude of the capability contribution from the international technology transfer project.It was found that capability acquisition is a complex and long-term process, of which an international technology transfer project is only one step. Previous industrial experience is essential in order to benefit from an overseas training programme. While small scale industries were shown to be excellent in transferring production capabilities, they were less successful in the transfer of administrative and dynamic capabilities. This was primarily due to their inherent weakness of having a shortage of qualified personnel for training activities. However, through long-term cooperation, initially based on a contract and later developing in to a business relationship, and recurrent training periods in Sweden, it has been shown that several of the small Tanzanian firms have been able to acquire substantial stocks of dynamic capabilities. The Swedish firm has thus supplied the Tanzanian firms with new information and knowledge, having the double function of compensating for weaknesses in the local Tanzanian network and sometimes serving as a link to an international market. Based on these findings, the present study also makes some additions to the conceptualization of the infant industry process. Lastly, recommendations are provided for improving a sister industry type of technology transfer.
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| 22. |
- Alänge, Sverker, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish Entrepreneurship in a Cross-Cultural Perspective
- 1988
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Ingår i: Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research 1988. - 0910897093 ; , s. 1-15
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Swedish entrepreneurs' motives to start their own business have been studied in terms of cultural values, available resources and infrastructure, as well as in relation to individual, company/industry and regional characteristics. A total of 159 Swedish entrepreneurs in five different regions have responded to an extensive questionnaire (response rate 52%). The regions were selected to obtain variation in terms of growing/declining and rural/urban areas. Of the randomly selected entrepreneurs 14.5% were female.Key findings identified that Swedish entrepreneurs were motivated by a need for independence and having total control over their endeavors. Family tradition and role models appeared to have less importance. Also apparent, were the distinct motivational differences between Sweden and other countries. The differences between the five Swedish regions however, were not significant. This study is part of an international cross-cultural study aimed at comparing the conditions and motivations for entrepreneurship in 15 countries.
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| 23. |
- Alänge, Sverker, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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What Motivates People to Start Their Own Businesses: A Nordic Perspective
- 1988
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Ingår i: ISBC 1988 conference in Helsinki. ; , s. 1-7
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The paper presents the Nordic perspective on what motivates entrepreneurs to start their own business. The results presented are based on an eleven country study where data from Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden is compared to international data from Australia, China, Great Britain, Italy, Portugal, Puerto Rico and the USA. This is one study generated from Sari Scheinberg's PhD research entitled Entrepreneurs in a Cross-Cultural Perspective.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Andersson, Bengt-Åke, et al.
(författare)
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Fluidized bed combustion of coals and alternative fuels
- 1985
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Ingår i: Proc of the 8th International Conference on Fluidized-Bed Combustion held in Houston Texas USA, March 18-21, 1985. ; 2, s. 1019-1029
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 16 MW demonstration plant at Chalmers University of Technology was designed to burn coal but measures were taken also to allow the use of alternative fuels. Results of comparative tests, with bituminous coal and alternative fuels, brown coal, peat, and wood chips, are presented. The combustion characteristics of the various fuels are illustrated with temperature and heat flux profiles in the freeboard. It is found that the volatile fuels tend to burn to a large extent above the bed and secondary air is necessary to complete the combustion. However, -if secondary air is used, a combustion efficiency close to 100% is easily obtained. Bituminous coal, on the other hand, does not readily burn with a high combustion efficiency in the boiler used.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Andersson, Bengt-Åke, et al.
(författare)
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Particle mass flux in the freeboard of a fluidized bed boiler
- 1989
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Ingår i: Powder Technology. - 1873-328X .- 0032-5910. ; 58:1, s. 25-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The flux of descending particles has beenmeasured in the freeboard of a fluidized bedboiler. The lateral and vertical distributionsof the flux were studied and the influence ofthe superficial gas velocity and the static bedheight analyzed. A tube bundle located in thebed surface region made it possible to investigatethe effects of tubes on the entrainmentof particles from the surface of the bed.The particle flux was relatively constantacross the freeboard except near the wall,where it was about twice as large as the average.In the vertical direction, the flux decreasedexponentially with height exceptclose to the bed, where the rate of decay wasless than at higher elevations. The tube bundlewas found to inhibit the splashing of bedparticles when the bed is below the tubes.A model is used for the estimation of thevertical particle flux and concentrationprofiles in the freeboard. It is based on separatetreatment of small and coarse particlesand calculation of trajectories of ejected bedparticles. The calculated freeboard valuesdescribe the experimental data satisfactorilyexcept close to the bed, where a considerablediscrepancy is observed.
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| 30. |
- Andersson, Bengt-Åke, et al.
(författare)
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Use of a conductivity heat-flow meter in fluidised-bed boilers
- 1989
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Ingår i: Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control. - : SAGE Publications. - 1477-0369 .- 0142-3312. ; 11:2, s. 108-112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The usefulness of a conductivity type of heat-flow meter for measurements in fluidised-bed boilers is investigated. The design and the calibration of the meter are described. Results from measurements of the local heat tranfer at the walls of fluidised-bed boilers are presented. An error analysis shows that the accuracy of the heat-flow meter is +-9%.
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