| 31. |
- St-Laurent, Jasmin, et al.
(författare)
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Green Electronics? : An LCA Based Study of Eco-labeling of Laptop Computers : EGG2012, Berlin
- 2012
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Ingår i: Electronics Goes Green 2012+, ECG 2012 - Joint International Conference and Exhibition, Proceedings. - Berlin : Fraunhofer Verlag. - 9783839604397 ; , s. Art. no. 6360517-
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- According to the ISO14020 standard eco-labeling of products is intended to guide consumers towards the more environmentally friendly segment of products available on the market. To investigate if this is successful for laptop computers, a life cycle assessment (LCA) model of a generic, up to date laptop was created. The constraints imposed by two different eco-labels for laptops were implemented in the LCA model; the eco-labels used for this purpose were EPEAT (based in the US) and TCO (based in Sweden). The analysis of the eco-labels criteria revealed that the labels impose few changes on the design of the laptop as describe in the LCA model and that their influence on the life cycle impact was minimal. The labels do promote energy efficiency, but the marked demand for long battery life is a push so strong that the average lap top on the market well fulfills these criteria. It was notable that the lap top power efficiency together with short product life, resulted in that the use phase environmental impacts was less compared to the production phase environmental impacts (partly opposed to some earlier studies, where the electricity consumption during use was a more important driver). To promote better environmental performance the energy efficiency could be improved further; but useful life of lap tops is an increasingly important issue to be addressed. Criteria for eco-labels must be continuously updated to actually guide toward a more environmentally friendly market segment for fast developing products like electronics.
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| 32. |
- Svanström, Magdalena, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Trade-offs in the district heat distribution system
- 2011
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Ingår i: What is Sustainable Technology?. - Sheffield, UK : Greenleaf Publishing Ltd. - 9781906093501 ; , s. 87-107
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- District heating has the potential to provide consumers with heat using resources that would otherwise be wasted (e.g. surplus heat from industry) or increase overall efficiency by generating both heat and electricity. However, the introduction and utilisation of district heating has to be performed in a responsible way in order to benefit all the different stakeholders involved. A positive outcome depends on local preconditions and the identification of trade-offs involving different environmental, social and economic considerations. In the history of district heating, several illustrative articulations of sustainability can be found, and situations in which different trade-offs have become clear. This chapter will discuss some articulations of sustainability and the environmental, social and economic trade-offs that can be identified for district heat distribution systems, to help achieve a deeper understanding of sustainability considerations and trade-offs for technical systems in general. Examples from research on district heating, carried out at Chalmers University of Technology from 1991 until today, will be used to illustrate real-world dilemmas.
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| 33. |
- Svanström, Magdalena, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Trade-offs in the district heat distribution system
- 2011
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Ingår i: What is sustainable technology? Perceptions, Paradoxes and Possibilities. - 9781906093501 ; , s. 87-105
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Svanström, Magdalena, 1969, et al.
(författare)
-
Who needs to know what about energy use? The palm oil biofuel case
- 2013
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Ingår i: 6th International Conference on Life Cycle Management.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In life cycle assessments and energy analyses of palm oil biofuel, the choice of energy use indicators has been found to be arbitrary, poorly motivated and poorly described. This paper discusses the system boundaries represented by different energy use indicators and their appropriateness in terms of different environmental concerns. The paper also discusses the need of different energy use information for different actors in the product life cycle and the resulting need to tailor-make assessments and presentations of assessment results to different audiences.
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| 36. |
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