| 31. |
- Bengtsson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Energy structure and transition rates in the Ne-like sequence from relativistic CI calculations
- 2012
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Ingår i: Europhysics Conference Abstracts;36C. - : European Physical Society. ; , s. 128-128
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Atomic data are important in astrophysical applications and transition rates can be used in the determination of element abundances and plasma diagnostics. To provide for the extensive data needs a number of general computer codes such as SUPERSTRUCTURE, CIV3, and ATSP2K have been developed. As an alternative to these codes, which all rely on the Breit-Pauli approximation, the fully relativistic GRASP2K code can be used. GRASP2K is based on the multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock method and implements a bi-orthogonal transformation method that permits initial and final states in a transition array to be optimized separately, which, in many cases, leads to more accurate values of the resulting rates. The GRASP2K package also contains modules to compute diagonal and off-diagonal hyperfine interaction constants, isotope shifts, Land´e gJ factors, and splittings of magnetic sub-state in intermediate and strong magnetic fields. In this work, GRASP2K has been applied to provide highly accurate spectroscopic data for ions in the Ne-like sequence between Mg III and Kr XXVII. Valence, core-valence, and core-core correlation effects were accounted for through SD-MR expansions to increasing sets of active orbitals. In Mg III, Al IV, Si V, P VI, S VII, and Ar IX, for which experimental energies are known to high accuracy, the mean error in the calculated energies is only 0.011%. For ions with no available experimental energy levels the calculated values should be most valuable in various applications. The high accuracy of the calculated energies makes it possible, in some cases, to to point out experimental values that are in error. Babushkin (length) and Coulomb (velocity) forms of transition rates are computed and agree to within a few percent for the majority of the allowed transitions. Computed lifetimes for states belonging to the 2p33s and 2p53d configurations are in good agreement with values from beam-foil measurements as well as from accurate MCHF Breit-Pauli calculations.
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| 32. |
- Bergh, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
-
FACT : An Open-Label Randomized Phase III Study of Fulvestrant and Anastrozole in Combination Compared With Anastrozole Alone as First-Line Therapy for Patients With Receptor-Positive Postmenopausal Breast Cancer
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Oncology. - Alexandria, VA : American Society of Clinical Oncology. - 0732-183X .- 1527-7755. ; 30:16, s. 1919-1925
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To compare the effect of therapy with anastrozole versus a combination of fulvestrant and anastrozole in women in first relapse of endocrine-responsive breast cancer. Patients and Methods: Postmenopausal women, or premenopausal women receiving a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist, with estrogen receptor– and/or progesterone receptor–positive disease at first relapse after primary treatment of localized disease were open-label randomly assigned to a fulvestrant loading dose (LD) regimen followed by monthly injection plus 1 mg of anastrozole daily or to 1 mg of anastrozole daily alone. The primary end point was time to progression (TTP). Results: In all, 514 women were randomly assigned to fulvestrant plus anastrozole (experimental arm; n = 258) or anastrozole (standard arm; n = 256). Approximately two thirds had received adjuvant antiestrogens, but only eight individuals had received an aromatase inhibitor. Median TTP was 10.8 and 10.2 months in the experimental versus standard arm, respectively (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.99; 95% CI, 0.81 to 1.20; P = .91); median overall survival was 37.8 and 38.2 months, respectively (HR = 1.0; 95% CI, 0.76 to 1.32; P = 1.00). Incidences of prespecified adverse events (AEs) were similar. Hot flashes were more common in the experimental arm: 63 patients (24.6%) versus 35 patients (13.8%) in the standard arm (P = .0023). Death owing to AEs was reported in 11 (4.3%) and five patients (2.0%) in the experimental versus standard arm, respectively. Conclusion: Fulvestrant (250 mg + LD regimen) in combination with anastrozole offered no clinical efficacy advantage over anastrozole monotherapy in this population of individuals with a relatively high proportion of previous adjuvant antiestrogen exposure.
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| 33. |
- Berndtsson, Ronny, et al.
(författare)
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Drivers of changing urban flood risk : A framework for action
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Management. - : Elsevier. - 0301-4797 .- 1095-8630. ; 240, s. 47-56
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study focuses on drivers for changing urban flood risk. We suggest a framework for guiding climate change adaptation action concerning flood risk and manageability in cities. The identified key drivers of changing flood hazard and vulnerability are used to provide an overview of each driver's impact on flood risk and manageability at the city level. We find that identified drivers for urban flood risk can be grouped in three different priority areas with different time horizon. The first group has high impact but is manageable at city level. Typical drivers in this group are related to the physical environment such as decreasing permeability and unresponsive engineering. The second group of drivers is represented by public awareness and individual willingness to participate and urbanization and urban sprawl. These drivers may be important and are manageable for the cities and they involve both short-term and long-term measures. The third group of drivers is related to policy and long-term changes. This group is represented by economic growth and increasing values at risk, climate change, and increasing complexity of society. They have all high impact but low manageability. Managing these drivers needs to be done in a longer time perspective, e.g., by developing long-term policies and exchange of ideas.
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| 34. |
- Betancourt, Lazaro Hiram, et al.
(författare)
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Improved survival prognostication of node-positive malignant melanoma patients utilizing shotgun proteomics guided by histopathological characterization and genomic data
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 9:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Metastatic melanoma is one of the most common deadly cancers, and robust biomarkers are still needed, e.g. to predict survival and treatment efficiency. Here, protein expression analysis of one hundred eleven melanoma lymph node metastases using high resolution mass spectrometry is coupled with in-depth histopathology analysis, clinical data and genomics profiles. This broad view of protein expression allowed to identify novel candidate protein markers that improved prediction of survival in melanoma patients. Some of the prognostic proteins have not been reported in the context of melanoma before, and few of them exhibit unexpected relationship to survival, which likely reflects the limitations of current knowledge on melanoma and shows the potential of proteomics in clinical cancer research.
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| 35. |
- Bieron, Jacek, et al.
(författare)
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Ab initio calculations of the hyperfine structure of zinc and evaluation of the nuclear quadrupole moment Q(Zn-67)
- 2018
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Ingår i: Physical Review A: covering atomic, molecular, and optical physics and quantum information. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9926 .- 2469-9934. ; 97:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The relativistic multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock and the nonrelativistic multiconfiguration Hartree-Fock methods have been employed to calculate the magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole hyperfine structure constants of zinc. The calculated electric field gradients for the 4s4p P-3(1)degrees and 4s4p P-3(2)degrees states, together with experimental values of the electric quadrupole hyperfine structure constants, made it possible to extract a nuclear electric quadrupole moment Q((67) Zn) = 0.122(10) b. The error bar was evaluated in a quasistatistical approach-the calculations were carried out with 11 different methods, and then the error bar was estimated from the differences between the results obtained with those methods.
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| 36. |
- Bieron, Jacek, et al.
(författare)
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Ab initio MCDHF calculations of electron-nucleus interactions
- 2015
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Ingår i: Physica Scripta. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 0031-8949 .- 1402-4896. ; 90:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present recent advances in the development of atomic ab initio multiconfiguration Dirac– Hartree–Fock theory, implemented in the GRASP relativistic atomic structure code. For neutral atoms, the deviations of properties calculated within the Dirac–Hartree–Fock (DHF) method (based on independent particle model of an atomic cloud) are usually dominated by electron correlation effects, i.e. the non-central interactions of individual electrons. We present the recent advances in accurate calculations of electron correlation effects in small, medium, and heavy neutral atoms. We describe methods of systematic development of multiconfiguration expansions leading to systematic, controlled improvement of the accuracy of the ab initio calculations. These methods originate from the concept of the complete active space (CAS) model within the DHF theory, which, at least in principle, permits fully relativistic calculations with full account of electron correlation effects. The calculations within the CAS model on currently available computer systems are feasible only for very light systems. For heavier atoms or ions with more than a few electrons, restrictions have to be imposed on the multiconfiguration expansions. We present methods and tools, which are designed to extend the numerical calculations in a controlled manner, where multiconfiguration expansions account for all leading electron correlation effects. We show examples of applications of the GRASP code to calculations of hyperfine structure constants, but the code may be used for calculations of arbitrary bound-state atomic properties. In recent years it has been applied to calculations of atomic and ionic spectra (transition energies and rates), to determinations of nuclear electromagnetic moments, as well as to calculations related to interactions of bound electrons with nuclear electromagnetic moments leading to violations of discrete symmetries.
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| 37. |
- Bieron, Jacek, et al.
(författare)
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Computational Atomic Structure
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Program and Abstracts. ; , s. 56-56
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There is an increasing demand for accurate atomic data due to advancements in experimental techniques and investments in large scale research facilities. In astrophysics the quality and resolution of solar and stellar spectra has so improved that the accuracy of atomic data is frequently a limiting factor in the interpretation. Accurate atomic data are also required in plasma physics and in other emerging areas such as laser spectroscopy on isotope separators, X-ray lithography, and lighting research. The needs include accurate transition energies, fine- and hyperfine structures, isotope shifts as well as parameters related to interaction with external magnetic fields. Also there is a constant need for transition rates between excited states. Data are needed for a wide range of elements and ionization stages. To meet the demands for accurate atomic data the COMPutational Atomic Structure (COMPAS) group has been formed. The group is involved in developing state of the art computer codes for atomic calculations in the non-relativistic scheme with relativistic corrections in the Breit-Pauli approximation [1] as well as in the fully relativistic domain. Here we describe new developments of the GRASP2K relativistic atomic structure code [2, 3]. We present results for a number of systems and properties to illustrate the potential and restriction of computational atomic structure. Among the properties are hyperfine structures and hyperfine quenched rates, Zeeman splittings in intermediate fields, isotope shifts and transition rates [4]. We also discuss plans for future code developments.
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| 38. |
- Birkeland, Einar, et al.
(författare)
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Low BRAF and NRAS expression levels are associated with clinical benefit from DTIC therapy and prognosis in metastatic melanoma
- 2013
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-7276 .- 0262-0898. ; 30:7, s. 867-876
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Metastatic melanoma is characterized by a poor response to chemotherapy. Furthermore, there is a lack of established predictive and prognostic markers. In this single institution study, we correlated mutation status and expression levels of BRAF and NRAS to dacarbazine (DTIC) treatment response as well as progression-free and overall survival in a cohort of 85 patients diagnosed with advanced melanoma. Neither BRAF nor NRAS mutation status correlated to treatment response. However, patients with tumors harboring NRAS mutations had a shorter overall survival (p < 0.001) compared to patients with tumors wild-type for NRAS. Patients having a clinical benefit (objective response or stable disease at 3 months) on DTIC therapy had lower BRAF and NRAS expression levels compared to patients progressing on therapy (p = 0.037 and 0.003, respectively). For BRAF expression, this association was stronger among patients with tumors wild-type for BRAF (p = 0.005). Further, low BRAF as well as NRAS expression levels were associated with a longer progression-free survival in the total population (p = 0.004 and < 0.001, respectively). Contrasting low NRAS expression levels, which were associated with improved overall survival in the total population (p = 0.01), low BRAF levels were associated with improved overall survival only among patients with tumors wild-type for BRAF (p = 0.013). These findings indicate that BRAF and NRAS expression levels may influence responses to DTIC as well as prognosis in patients with advanced melanoma.
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| 39. |
- Bjermo, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Lead, mercury, and cadmium in blood and their relation to diet among Swedish adults
- 2013
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Ingår i: Food and Chemical Toxicology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0278-6915. ; 57, s. 161-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to examine the body burden of lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and cadmium (Cd) in blood among Swedish adults and the association between blood levels, diet and other lifestyle factors. The study was based on a subgroup (n = 273) of the national survey Riksmaten 2010-2011 (4-day food records and questionnaire). Lead, Hg, and Cd were measured in whole blood, and Cd additionally in urine, by mass or fluorescence spectrometry methods. The median values (5-95th percentiles) of the metals in blood were as follows: Pb: 13.4 (5.8-28.6) mu g/L, Hg: 1.13 (0.31-3.45) mu g/L, and Cd: 0.19 (0.09-1.08) mu g/L. All three metals increased with increasing age. Lead levels in blood were positively associated with intakes of game and alcohol, Hg was related to fish intake, and blood Cd related to smoking and low iron stores and to a low meat intake. Body burdens of the studied metals were generally below health based reference values, but several individuals had blood Pb levels above the reference point for possible nephrotoxic and developmental neurotoxic effects. As health effects cannot be excluded, individuals with high Pb exposure should aim at decreasing their body burden, both from food and from other exposure routes. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 40. |
- Bjermo, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Serum concentrations of perfluorinated alkyl acids and their associations with diet and personal characteristics among Swedish adults
- 2013
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Ingår i: Molecular Nutrition and Food Research. - : Wiley. - 1613-4133 .- 1613-4125. ; 57:12, s. 2206-2215
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ScopeIn this study, food is suggested as a major source of human exposure to perfluorinated alkyl acids (PFAA). We investigated relations between serum levels of PFAA in adults and diet/lifestyle factors nationwide in Sweden. Methods and resultsIn 2010-2011, adults (18-80 years, N = 270) recorded their diet for 4 days and answered a food frequency questionnaire. PFAA were measured in blood serum as well as v-3 fatty acids in plasma phospholipids as a biomarker for fish consumption. Higher levels of PFAA were associated with male sex, increased age, and higher education. Women reporting full breastfeeding for 12 months had 32-44% lower levels of perfluorooctane sulfonate, perfluorooctanoic acid, and perfluorohexane sulfonate than women who never nursed their infants full-time. Serum perfluorooctane sulfonate, perfluorononanoic acid, perfluorodecanoic acid, and perfluoroundecanoic acid were positively related to n-3 fatty acids in plasma (partial r = 0.19-0.34, p 0.05). ConclusionThe relatively strong correlations between biomarkers of fish consumption and certain PFAA suggest that PFAA exposure should be taken into account in health risk and benefit assessment of fish consumption. Breastfeeding appears to be a major source of elimination of certain PFAA among women, and consequently PFAA exposure of nursed infants could be significant.
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