| 41. |
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Forsman, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Handbook guidance promoting a safe journey for children with disabilities - An evaluation
- 2006
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Ingår i: Transportation Research Part A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0965-8564 .- 1879-2375. ; 40:9, s. 712-724
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Previous research has shown that both mobility and safety for children with disabilities are reduced, due to several reasons, one of them being lack of adequate and focused information on safety measures to be taken. A handbook was created and disseminated for free to parents of children with disabilities, organised in parental organisations. The handbook was evaluated from a user perspective, by a parental questionnaire survey. The results confirmed the parents' lack of information and further valued the handbook as useful. The parents stated the benefits of the handbook to be largest in contacts with drivers of school transportation and special transport systems. Future development and research should focus on: (i) "early intervention" by occupational therapists and paediatricians by providing the parents the handbook at the clinic, (ii) dissemination strategies towards parents not being members of the parental interest organisations, and (iii) translation and evaluation of the handbook for parents not having Swedish as their native language. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Gustafsson, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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The traffic safety situation among foreign born in Sweden : based on eight road user population zones
- 2006
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Road traffic crashes are identified as a world wide public health problem. Prognoses by WHO suggest these crashes to constitute the third most common reason for fatalities and disabilities in 2020. However, the crash risk varies from country to country. Previous research concerning foreign born within the Swedish road transport system shows an overrepresentation of crash involvement for this group. In order to identify the nature of the problem and to be able to compare crash involvement among foreign born with native born, the aim of the study was to cluster countries world wide into road user population zones, depending on Gross National Income (GNI), motorization, the traffic safety situation and geographical position for each country. Based on the eight identified clustered zones, comparisons of the zones and possible correlations between the different parameters were made, using Sweden (native born) as reference country. Data from several registers showed that an increase in GNI correlated with more cars and fewer traffic fatalities. For a number of zones, nearly all of them less wealthy, an increase in GNI correlated with more cars, and the more cars, the lower the number of killed road users per car. Furthermore, among foreign born, the average relative crash risk was 50% higher for males and about 10 % for females compared to native born in the Swedish road transport system. If the subgroup of crash involved car drivers 18 years and older was selected for analyses, data revealed that male foreign born ran double the risk of being involved in a crash, while for female foreign born the relative risk was increased by 70%.
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| 46. |
- Hanson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of stature, age and vehicle motion on ingress movement
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Vehicle Design. - 0143-3369 .- 1741-5314. ; 51:3/4, s. 292-305
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vehicle ingress is an important automotive industry issue. End-users and production line assemblers perform similar ingress tasks. In this study, comparisons were made of the car ingress motion in 40 subjects of different statures, acting both as assemblers and end-users. Half of the subjects were under 28 years of age and the remaining were over 60. Results show no significant differences in motion patterns between assemblers and end-users, i.e., slow forward motion of the car on the assembly line had no effect on ingress patterns. This suggests that ergonomic departments working either with end-users or assemblers may instead cooperate or even be fully integrated. Stature significantly affected joint angle distribution and joint angle velocity distribution. No stature effect was found on time to perform ingress movements or on ingress technique. Age significantly affected all test parameters and is thus an issue for developers to consider along with anthropometric variables like stature. To facilitate age analysis, manikins in digital human modelling tools should be able to replicate the physical characteristics of different age groups and the movement behaviour of older people.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Kircher, Katja, et al.
(författare)
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Passering av buss i 30 km/h : utvärdering av säkerhetseffekter i samband med hastighetsgräns 30 km/h vid passering av buss - en simulatorstudie
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A simulator study was conducted to investigate the implementation of a new law which prescribes a speed limit of 30 km/h when passing buses equipped with a 30-sign and flashing lights. It was shown that the drivers follow the rule better when they pass a bus on their own side than when the bus was standing on the opposite side of the road. The slowest mean speeds were found when passing a bus on a road with a speed limit of 70 km/h. The highest speed reduction, however, was found when the posted speed limit was 90 km/h. A bus without signage did not induce the same speed reduction as a bus with signage, which means that the drivers were aware of the meaning of the signage. Driving behaviour showed that the flashing lights are of importance, because the drivers in the study started braking before the 30-sign was readable.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Knight, Judith, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding older people as occupational beings
- 2008
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is limited research reporting older adults’ engagement in occupations. Until recently very little research has been undertaken ‘about the nature of occupation and its significance to humans. Research such as this project is beginning to provide the vehicle for addressing this by qualifying and quantifying the effect of occupation on various parts of older individuals’ lives. The overall aim of this study is to investigate the occupational engagement of older individuals’ and identify differences between UK and Swedish populations. The objectives are to explore motivating factors for participating in different occupations and patterns of occupations performed by older individuals as well as possible relationships between health, well-being and occupation in later life. Furthermore the objectives are to identity time spent on different occupations, the purpose of conducting these occupations and the breadth of roles. Finally the objectives are to draw comparisons between different categories of individuals, in particular cultural groups, retired people/still employed people and men/women. This study uses a mixed qualitative and quantitative methodology in the form of a structured interview and a time use diary. This research will contribute significantly to understanding the support services required to enable older adults to spend time performing meaningful occupations. In addition the findings will inform both remedial and preventive interventions promoting physical and psychological well being.
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