| 41. |
- Rónaszéki, Aladár, et al.
(författare)
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Pharmacological cardioversion of atrial fibrillation--a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicentre, dose-escalation study of AZD1305 given intravenously.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1532-2092.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim AZD1305 is a combined ion channel blocker developed for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). The aim of this study was to determine whether AZD1305 was effective in converting AF to sinus rhythm (SR). Methods and results Patients with AF episodes of duration 3 h to 3 months were randomized in a 3:1 ratio to receive a maximum 30 min intravenous infusion of AZD1305 or matching placebo. The primary efficacy endpoint was the proportion of patients converting within 90 min of the start of infusion, after which patients who had not converted were to undergo direct current (DC) cardioversion. Four ascending AZD1305 dose groups were assigned sequentially, with dose rates of 50, 100, 130, and 180 mg/h. A total of 171 patients were randomized. Pharmacological conversion was achieved in 0 of 43 patients (0%) in the placebo group, and in 2 of 26 (8%; P= 0.14 vs. placebo), 8 of 45 (18%; P= 0.006), 17 of 45 (38%; P< 0.001), and 6 of 12 patients (50%; P< 0.001) in AZD1305 dose groups 1-4, respectively. Maximum QTcF (QT interval corrected according to Fridericia's formula) generally increased dose-dependently up to a plateau, although there was wide variation between patients. Two patients experienced torsade de pointes (TdP): one patient without symptoms in dose group 3, and one patient requiring DC defibrillation in dose group 4. Both patients recovered without sequelae. Conclusions AZD1305 was effective in converting AF to SR, but was associated with QT prolongation and TdP. The benefit-risk profile was judged as unfavourable and the AZD1305 development programme was discontinued. Clinical trial registration: http://clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT00915356.
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| 42. |
- Sandström, Carl, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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A two-scale finite element formulation of Stokes flow in porous media
- 2013
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Ingår i: Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 0045-7825. ; 261, s. 96-104
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Seepage through saturated porous material with an open pore system is modeled as a non-linear Stokes flow through a rigid matrix. Based on variationally consistent homogenization, the resulting macroscale problem becomes a Darcy-type flow. The prolongation of the Darcy flow fulfills a macrohomogeneity condition, which in a Galerkin context implies a symmetric macroscale problem. The homogenization is of 1st order and periodic boundary conditions are adopted on a Representative Volume Element. A nonlinear nested multiscale technique, in which the subscale problem is used as a constitutive model, is devised. In the presented numerical investigation, the effects of varying physical parameters as well as of the discretization are considered. In particular, it is shown that the two-scale results agree well with those of the fully resolved fine-scale problem.
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| 43. |
- Sandström, Carl, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Homogenization of Stokes Flow in Porous Media
- 2012
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Ingår i: ECCOMAS 2012, European Congress on Computational Methods in Science and Engineering, (1 p. abstract).
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 44. |
- Sandström, Carl, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Multiscale modeling of porous media
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of NSCM-24, the 24th Nordic Seminar on Computational Mechanics. ; , s. 111-114
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 45. |
- Sandström, Carl, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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MULTISCALE MODELING OF POROUS MEDIA
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proceedings of NSCM-23, Anders Eriksson och Gunnar Tibert, Nordic Seminar on Computational Mechanics, Sockholm, 21-22 October 2010. - 0348-467X. ; 2010, s. 177-180
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Homogenization of flow in porous media is studied. The continuity equation in conjunction with Darcy’s law as a constitutive relation on the macroscale, where the permeability is a function of the pressure gradient, is applied to a macroscopic domain. On the heterogenousmesoscale, a Stokes flow problem is formulated on a Representative Volume Element with a prescribed pressure gradient and suitable boundary condition. The numerical procedure for finite element simulations of the two-scale problem is outlined and illustrated by a few exampleproblems.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Schumacher, Fredrick R., et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide association study identifies new prostate cancer susceptibility loci
- 2011
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Ingår i: Human Molecular Genetics. - London : IRL Press. - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 20:19, s. 3867-3875
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prostate cancer (PrCa) is the most common non-skin cancer diagnosed among males in developed countries and the second leading cause of cancer mortality, yet little is known regarding its etiology and factors that influence clinical outcome. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of PrCa have identified at least 30 distinct loci associated with small differences in risk. We conducted a GWAS in 2782 advanced PrCa cases (Gleason grade >= 8 or tumor stage C/D) and 4458 controls with 571 243 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Based on in silico replication of 4679 SNPs (Stage 1, P < 0.02) in two published GWAS with 7358 PrCa cases and 6732 controls, we identified a new susceptibility locus associated with overall PrCa risk at 2q37.3 (rs2292884, P = 4.3 x 10(-8)). We also confirmed a locus suggested by an earlier GWAS at 12q13 (rs902774, P = 8.6 x 10(-9)). The estimated per-allele odds ratios for these loci (1.14 for rs2292884 and 1.17 for rs902774) did not differ between advanced and non-advanced PrCa (case-only test for heterogeneity P = 0.72 and P = 0.61, respectively). Further studies will be needed to assess whether these or other loci are differentially associated with PrCa subtypes.
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| 48. |
- Silberberg, Ants, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Resuscitation in Preterm Infants; Extended Documentation of Procedures
- 2013
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Ingår i: Pediatric Academic Societies Annual Meeting, May 4-7, 2013, Washington DC USA.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: A lung protective strategy of ventilation is recommended during resuscitation in newborn infants limiting tidal volume to less than 8 ml/kg to reduce the risk of lung overdistention, volutrauma. As the mechanical properties of the respiratory system change rapidly after birth monitoring of respiratory function is recommended also during the first minutes of life to avoid lung injury (J Pediatr 2008;153:741)Objective: To follow respiratory function parameters, such as tidal volume (Vt), respiratory system compliance (Crs) and resistance (Rrs) during resuscitation in preterm infants. Derived data together with the clinical signs are used to describe and document the course of the resuscitation .Design/Methods: A pneumotachometer with a pressure port was attached to the face mask (Neopuff® or Laerdal®) or to the ET-tube (for intubated patients). Flow and pressure were measured and used to derive respiratory system mechanics (Crs and Rrs) together with corresponding positive inspiratory pressure (PIP) and Vt. Ten infants [median (range) birth weight 0.84 (0.47-1.3) kg; GA 25.5 (25-29) weeks] with apnoea and bradycardia (heart rate (HR)
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| 49. |
- Swami, Viren, et al.
(författare)
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The Attractive Female Body Weight and Female Body Dissatisfaction in 26 Countries Across 10 World Regions : Results of the International Body Project I
- 2010
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Ingår i: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. - : Sage Publications. - 0146-1672 .- 1552-7433. ; 36:3, s. 309-325
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study reports results from the first International Body Project (IBP-I), which surveyed 7,434 individuals in 10 major world regions about body weight ideals and body dissatisfaction. Participants completed the female Contour Drawing Figure Rating Scale (CDFRS) and self-reported their exposure to Western and local media. Results indicated there were significant cross-regional differences in the ideal female figure and body dissatisfaction, but effect sizes were small across high-socioeconomic-status (SES) sites. Within cultures, heavier bodies were preferred in low-SES sites compared to high-SES sites in Malaysia and South Africa (ds = 1.94-2.49) but not in Austria. Participant age, body mass index (BMI), and Western media exposure predicted body weight ideals. BMI and Western media exposure predicted body dissatisfaction among women. Our results show that body dissatisfaction and desire for thinness is commonplace in high-SES settings across world regions, highlighting the need for international attention to this problem.
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| 50. |
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The Race for Land
- 2012
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- The race for land in poor countries has escalated in recent years - investing in land has become a growing business, carving up millions of hectares worldwide. Investors are leasing fertile farmland at bargain prices in order to produce food, feed and agro-fuels for an export market. The phenomenon of land grabbing - large-scale investments in agricultural land in developing countries – has been accompanied by evictions of poor farmers from their land, destruction of livelihoods and severe violations of human rights.Local food security is threatened in many countries. Who are the actors and what are the drivers behind this global rush for land? How can peasants’ rights to their land be ensured? Guidelines and standards for ‘responsible’ investments have been presented as a way to mitigate the negative aspects of the investments. Is this a solution? What are the alternatives to large-scale land investments?This report examines different drivers behind the recent escalation of land deals as well as common arguments legitimating land grabbing. The report discusses land tenure rights and land governance, and presents case studies from Cambodia and Mozambique. How have Cambodian subsistence farmers been affected by investments in industrial sugar plantations? How has the civil society in Mozambique been able to influence the country’s land law and investments in agriculture?
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