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| 52. |
- Hansson, Jan-Håkan
(författare)
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Organizing normality : Essays on organizing day activities for people with severe mental disturbances
- 1993
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis focuses on the organizing of day activities, outside hospital care, for people with severe mental disturbances in Sweden. The purpose of the study is threefold: to describe the material and structural conditions of day activity settings on a national scale; to analyse some of the ideological claims made in the field; and to discuss problems and possibilities arising when more than one organizational sector is involved in the work.The thesis is divided into two parts. Part A presents the empirical material, derived from a national survey, as well as some historical and theoretical points of departure and concludes with a summarizing analysis of results. Part B contains four empirically based papers.The results show a considerable growth in the 1980s of day activity units specifically arranged for this group of people with severe mental disturbances. The average economic resource-input is considerably larger in psychiatry-run units than in units run by the social services. The collaborative efforts between the social services and psychiatry are discussed in the light of the fact that joint venture units develop distinctively different features, when it comes to, for example, recruitment routes of users and collaborative work with other organizations, as compared to units run by the social services or psychiatry alone. Thestructural and discursive power in this new field is largely in the hands of psychiatry. Ideological claims as to the definition of the work adhers to a "therapeutic paradigm".Results from an analysis of self-presentation documents reveals five distinct content categories: the dimension of ambition to change, the dimension of time-structuring, the dimension of profession/expertise, the dimension of intimacy of relation, and the dimension of autonomy. This is discussed in view of tendencies towards professionalization from different occupational groups as well as in view of issues of social control in modem society.Finally some prospects for the development in the future are discussed.
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| 53. |
- Hedrén, Johan, 1958-
(författare)
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Miljöpolitikens natur
- 1994
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- During the 1960s we get a new way of speaking of and writing about nature, an environmental discourse, whose special characteristics have not ufltil now been the object of systematic analyses. In this study the discourse is regarded, with structuralistic inspiration, as a generative force. The aim is to give an overall description of the environmental discourse and in particular to establish features in the discourse which are of great importance for the order which is valid for actions in the area. With this aim in mind, interest is especially directed towards the statements which expressively concern knowledge, values, the natural and the normal. The focus is on statements on nature and man's relationship to nature. Swedish environmental politics are the centre of interest in the study and thus are regarded as an expression of the environmental discourse. Also an investigation into citizens' conceptions has been carried out, with the help of a questionnaire. In the discourse nature is described, with some exceptions, as a machine being in itself without value. The values which it is linked with are spoken of as something which is ascribed to nature. Objects in nature can, just as parts in a machine, be transformed, replaced and many times price-tagged. The justification of existence coincides with usefulness and with the functions that nature offers. Each object, regardless of how it· is delimited and systemized, has its own value, or lack of value, determined by the importance it has for the maintenance of these functions. Furthermore, it becomes apparent that the ancient natura/law has returned and now exists side by side with the scientific practices which, once upon a time, were the cause of both it and its philosophical presumptions being banned. A fiercecontradiction exists between, on the one hand, the half hidden but still genuine natural law aspect of the discourse and, on the other hand, the strong dissociation from ethical naturalistic arguments of a natural law kind which characterize both contempory scientific and philosophical practices, as well asliberal political discourse. Thilt the natural law foundations are not formulated, in combination with the de-ideologizing and scientific manner in which the discourse presents its subject, means partlythat it remains unclear what constitutes the uttermost values and partly what constitutes questions dependent on interests and values, in spite oft he fact that such a field of questions obviously exists.
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| 54. |
- Henning, Cecilia
(författare)
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Boende och omsorg - omsorg om boendet : Analys av en modell för socialtjänstens medverkan i samhällsplaneringen - en vision för äldreboende
- 1991
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Linkoping Model for social care and planning is characterized by asmall scale, decentralized form of living with opportunities for care andservice permitting great flexibility. One bearing principle is the integration of care of the elderly with child care; another, integrating housing for the elderly with other housing to avoid age segregation and social isolation.Using the model helps to increase the areas of competence of the socialservices through its participation in physical planning, as is stated in the Law on the Social Services.In the study, the Linkoping Model is seen as a product of its time (the1970's). The scientific basis is analyzed and related to theories aboutsocial networks and social welfare.Further, the participation of the social services in physical planning isdescribed and analyzed more in detail. In addition the application of themodel in a new ideological context, that is, in a time when people'sparticipation is more emphasized, is examined. The analysis is made inrelation to planning theories.The social services have been most successful with the model in theplanning processes for new residential areas. General problems in relation to tenant participation and involvement by other actors in the planning process are analyzed in urban renewal contexts.
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| 55. |
- Hillmo, Thomas, 1961-
(författare)
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Arsenikprocessen : Debatt och problemperspektiv kring ett hälso- och miljöfarligt ämne i Sverige 1850-1919
- 1994
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis covers a revolutionary phase in the hazardous substances debate, when an industrial anchored problem picture gradually replaces an older view of the poisons question. Arsenic was by far the most discussed substance pertaining to harmful substances in 19th century Sweden. The origins of such dominance can be found in older, criminally orientated problems which promoted improvements in forensic chemistry methods, -not least in the area of analytical chemistry. Such analytical methods in turn proved to be an important instrument when it was a case of discovering and measuring number of newly experienced arsenic problems related to the occurence of arsenic in trade commodities. The original relevant arsenic problems were eventually seen to be clearly exaggerated and were therfore written off to a large extent during the 1920's. A factor whichcontributed for a long time to perpetuate the problem picture was the authority of medical science. Medicine's a priori-acceptance of the danger of arsenic could first be tested with the improved quantitative analysis methods which chemists developed around 1900. It could then be shown that arsenic contained in the human body which was thought to derive from trade commodities and other anthropogenesources, in fact reflected a number of natural and undangerous sources of arsenic (e.g. food). During the actual time period in question a regulation guideline was constructed upon which todays environmental laws build and further, a row of approaches and methods, which form essential elements in todays environmentalproblemizing. Such applies for example to the principally interestingquestion of limits/standards, as a method of formalizing risks and converting scientific knowledge into practical workable regulations in public administration.
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| 56. |
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| 57. |
- Hillmo, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Naturens ombudsmän
- 1990
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Ingår i: Miljö, Media, Makt. - Stockholm : Carlssons. - 9177983467 ; , s. 86-122
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
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