| 51. |
- Blix, Arnoldus S, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiac receptors in ducks--a link between vasoconstriction and bradycardia during diving.
- 1976
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Ingår i: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-6772 .- 1365-201X. ; 97:1, s. 13-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been demonstrated that cardiac receptors, most likely of the left ventricular type, are present also in the duck's heart. These receptors and their reflex responses (i.e. bradycardia and hypotension) could be blocked by intrapericardial administration of lidocaine. Initially, usch receptor blockade did not affect efferent vagal control of heart rate, as revealed by undiminished bradycardia in response to a standardized vagal stimulation. After cardiac receptor blockade, however, the duck's normal bradycardia response to head immersion was greatly reduced. The cardiovascular response to submersion was now instead characterized by a marked rise in arterial pressure, with superimposed bouts of intensified bradycardia and pressure reduction, evidently induced reflexly from the arterial baroreceptors. Meanwhile, the bradycardia response to standarized efferent vagal stimulation was still the same as before intrapericardial lidocaine injection. These results suggest that the marked rise in cardiac filling pressure following the intense shemo-receptor-induced constriction of both resistance and capacitance vessels, activates ventricular stretch receptors signalling in vagal afferents. Apparently, the activation of these receptors contributes crucially to the bradycardia and reduction of cardial output, which balance off the greatly increased peripheral resistance in the diving duck.
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| 52. |
- Breimer, Michael, 1951
(författare)
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Distribution of molecular species of sphingomyelins in different parts of bovine digestive tract.
- 1975
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Ingår i: Journal of lipid research. - 0022-2275. ; 16:3, s. 189-94
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sphingomyelins were isolated from mucosal layers of bovine rennet stomach, duodenum, jejunoileum, and colon ascendens. The ceramides obtained after phospholipase degradation were characterized by thin-layer chromatography, mass spectrometry, and gas-liquid chromatography. The main ceramide group from all regions consisted of dihydroxy long-chain bases and normal fatty acids. Sphingosine was the predominant base in all these fractions, and only in rennet stomach were smaller amounts of the C17 and C20 homologs present. Normal saturated C16, C18, C22, and C24 fatty acids were most abundant. In rennet stomach there was in addition a ceramide group having dihydroxy long-chain bases in combination with hydroxy fatty acids. Sphingosine was the predominant long-chain base and the fatty acids were 2-hydroxy C16, C22, C23, and C24. From jejunoileum three minor ceramide fractions were isolated; these consisted of phytosphingosine and normal fatty acids C22-C24), sphingosine and 2-hydroxy fatty acids (C16-C24), and phytosphingosine and 2-hydroxy fatty acids (C22-C24), respectively. No branched paraffin chains were found in significant amounts. Sphingomyelins with trihydroxy long-chain bases and 2-hydroxy fatty acids found in jejunoileum were also detected in bovine kidney and have not been demonstrated before. These sphingomyelins from both kidney and jejunoileum showed a preferential combination of trihydroxy bases and fatty acids with very long chains (C22-C24).
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| 53. |
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| 54. |
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| 55. |
- Breimer, Michael, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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Selected ion monitoring of glycospingolipid mixtures. Identification of several blood group type glycolipids in the small intestine of an individual rabbit.
- 1979
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Ingår i: Biomedical mass spectrometry. - : Wiley. - 0306-042X .- 1096-9888. ; 6:6, s. 231-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel application of selected ion monitoring was used for a mixture of non-acid glycosphingolipids of one rabbit small intestine. Earlier studies of permethylated and permethylated-reduced (LiAIH4) derivatives of model compounds have revealed a specificity and abundance of saccharide ions (terminal monosaccharide(s), disaccharide, trisaccharide, etc., and all sugars plus fatty acid) and of ceramide fragments that permit a conclusive detection of separate glycolipid species in a mixture. The sample (50-200 micrograms) was evaporated slowly (1-5 degrees C min-1 from 150-350 degrees C) from the direct inlet probe of an MS 902 mass spectrometer (electron ionization). Mass spectra with fragments up to about m/z 200 were collected on-line by a computer system. A successive partial separation was obtained for glycolipids with from one up to seven sugars. The structures of eight different compounds were identified. They all had 16:0, 22:0 and 24:0 2-hydroxy fatty acids and 18:0 trihydroxy base (phytosphingosine) as major ceramide components. The dominating complex glycolipid was a hexaglycosylceramide with a blood group B type of sequence. A blood group A type sequence was found in a second hexaglycosylceramide. In support of this, the native mixture showed blood group A and B activity. An intense peak, m/z 182, collected from methylated derivatives were evidence for a dominating type 2 carbohydrate chain of the core tetrasaccharide.
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| 56. |
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| 57. |
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| 58. |
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| 59. |
- Bringhed, Lars-Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Arbetsvårdens ideologi och funktion - en kritisk granskning av en vård sektors utveckling och utformning.
- 1971
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study is an attempt to analyse rehabilitation in a specific kind of society, from a macro-sociological point of view. During the last twenty years, rehabilitation in Sweden has gone through an enormous expansion. A critical report on this development has not been done before. We have, by using public documents in which we analysed the motives and values behind the decisions made, studied the relationships between the development of rehabilitation and the development of the society in Sweden. We have studied these phenomenas historically until the present day in a conflict view of development of society, that is a marxist fram of reference. In a capitalist society, where the economic system is governed by the principle of maximum profit, a conflict arisesbetween this principle and the attainment of social and humanitarian aims. We found that the steps taken, greatly - though often hidden in humane language - were governed by the planning for higher profit by the bourgeoisie, and that the humanitarian aims oftern became secondary. We also have studied the language and the ideology as a power function with the purpose of creating a picture of reality that is crooked and that serves the interests of the establishment.
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| 60. |
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