| 51. |
- Larsson, Åke, 1944, et al.
(författare)
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Hälsotillståndet hos abborre och tånglake
- 2007
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Ingår i: Havet 2007 - om miljötillståndet i svenska havsområden. - 1654-6741. ; 2007, s. 100-102
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Inom den nationalla marina kustfiskövervakningen har känsliga biomarkörer använts sedan 1988 för att kartlägga hälsotillståndet hos fisk. Här redovisas undersökningar på abborre och tånglake för de områden som har de längsta tidsserierna. De flesta biomarkörerna indikerar en god hälsostatus. Några erhållna mätdata talar dock för att fisken är påverkad av en ökad exponering för något eller några miljögifter. Detta kan vara tidiga tecken på på miljöförändringar som på sikt kan få allvarliga konsekvenser för fiskpopulationer i våra kustområden.
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| 52. |
- Larsson, Åke, 1944, et al.
(författare)
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Kustfisk hälsa
- 2005
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Ingår i: Bottniska viken - årsrapport från den marina miljöövervakningen 2004. - 1400-2760. ; :2004, s. 24-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 53. |
- Larsson, Åke, 1944, et al.
(författare)
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Kustfisk-hälsa
- 2009
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Ingår i: HAVET 2009- Om miljötillståndet i svenska havsområden.
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)
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| 54. |
- Lehtonen, K. K., et al.
(författare)
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The BEEP project in the Baltic Sea: Overview of results and outline for a regional biological effects monitoring strategy
- 2006
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Ingår i: Marine Pollution Bulletin. - : Elsevier BV. - 0025-326X. ; 53:8-9, s. 523-537
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Field studies in the framework of the EU funded BEEP project (Biological Effects of Environmental Pollution in Marine Coastal Ecosystems, 2001-2004) aimed at validating and intercalibrating a battery of biomarkers of contaminant exposure and effects in selected indicator species in the Mediterranean, the North Atlantic and the Baltic Seas. Major strategic goals of the BEEP project were the development of a sensitive and cost-efficient biological effects monitoring approach, delivery of information and advice to end-user groups, and the implementation of a network of biomarker researchers around Europe. Based on the main results obtained in the Baltic Sea component of the BEEP the present paper summarises and assesses the applicability of biomarkers for different regions and species in this sea area. Moreover, a general strategy and some practical considerations for the monitoring of biological effects in the Baltic Sea are outlined. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 55. |
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| 56. |
- Lennquist, Anna, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of medetomidine on hepatic EROD activity in three species of fish
- 2008
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Ingår i: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. - : Elsevier BV. - 0147-6513. ; 69:1, s. 74-79
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Medetomidine, an antifouling candidate, was investigated for its effects on cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) activity in fish. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), turbot (Psetta maxima), and Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) were exposed to medetomidine either via i.p. injection (o5 mmol (1 mg)/kg) or via water (o50 nM). Enzyme activity was measured as ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity in liver microsomes. There was a small (2–7-fold) increase in EROD activity in rainbow trout. In turbot, EROD activity increased (4- fold) after injection, while a non-significant (50%) decrease was observed after water exposure. No effects on EROD activities were observed in Atlantic cod. In vitro inhibition studies of EROD activities in liver microsomes from all three species showed that medetomidine was a very potent CYP1A inhibitor. Thus, median inhibition values (IC50) were 35710nM for rainbow trout, 47717nM for turbot, and 111770nM for Atlantic cod. These observed effects suggest that medetomidine interferes with CYP1A-dependent metabolism of xenobiotics in these fish species.
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| 57. |
- Lennquist, Anna, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Melanophore sensitivity and pigmentation in fish exposed to medetomidine
- 2007
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Ingår i: PRIMO 14,Pollutant responses in marine organisms, Florianopolis, Brasilien.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pigment containing cells, melanophores, are abundant in scales and eyes of many fish species. The mobile pigment granules within these cells can be aggregated to give a pale appearance, or dispersed to give a dark appearance. This movement is regulated both by hormones and neurotransmitters. Medetomidine, which is an alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist, is known to be very efficient in pigment aggregation in vitro. Since medetomidine is now suggested as a new agent in antifouling paints, it is of interest to study long-term effects of medetomidine on pigmentation and melanophore function in fish in vivo. In this study, rainbow trout was exposed via water to three concentrations of medetomidine (0.05, 0.5 and 5.0 nM). Within one day, fish exposed to 5 nM were significantly paler than control fish. This paleness remained throughout the experiment. After 25 days, fish from the different treatments were sacrificed and scales were removed for light microscope studies of melanophore sensitivity. Here, further medetomidine (5 microM) was added to the medium to induce pigment aggregation, and pictures were taken at time 0 and after 30 minutes. The pictures were then judged for level of pigment aggregation according to a five-graded scale (Hogben-Slome index). Melanophores from the medetomidine-treated fish did not aggregate as much as melanophores from the control fish. This lowered sensitivity was dose-dependent. The results suggest that prolonged medetomdine exposure at these concentrations might alter fish pigmentation and also interfere with melanophore function.
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| 58. |
- Lennquist, Anna, 1978, et al.
(författare)
-
The major responses in fish exposed to medetomidine, a new antifouling agent
- 2009
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Ingår i: SETAC Europe. Göteborg, Sverige.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Medetomidine is being introduced as a new antifouling agent. As part of a large risk assessment, a number of studies in fish have been performed. Studied species are rainbow trout, Atlantic cod, turbot, Atlantic salmon, lumpfish and three-spined stickleback. Medetomidine has been administered either via water or via i.p injection, and exposure time has varied from one hour up to 54 days. Studied parameters include respiration, blood parameters, activities of antioxidant enzymes and CYP1A, behaviour, pigmentation and function of pigment cells, growth and growth-related hormones. From these studies have been observed that: 1. In all experiments the most pronounced effects were body paleness at water concentrations in the range of 0.5-50 nM depending on species. In Atlantic cod, turbot and lumpfish fry, medetomidine caused impaired adaptation to the background colour. In rainbow trout desensitization of melanophores (pigment cells) occurred in fish exposed to medetomidine for 17 days, but a prolonged study (54 days exposure time), showed that the melanophores were well functioning and in addition no apoptosis had occurred. 2. In lumpfish and turbot fry, a decreased oxygen consumption and respiration rate was observed at 2.1 nM medetomidine. This effect was reversible. 3. CYP1A activities, measured as EROD activities, were increased at medetomidine water concentrations from 0.5-5 nM in rainbow trout, Atlantic salmon, turbot and three spined stickleback, but also decreased activity has been observed in turbot. Investigations in vitro have shown medetomidine to be a potent inhibitor of EROD activity. 4. Other parameters studied have not been affected by medetomidine treatment at these concentrations.
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| 59. |
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| 60. |
- Pettersson, M., et al.
(författare)
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Fish bile used to detect estrogenic substances in treated sewage water
- 2006
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 366:1, s. 174-186
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Endocrine disrupting effects on fish associated with sewage treatment effluents have been demonstrated in several studies. To investigate if the effluents from two modem Swedish sewage treatment plants contained estrogenic substances, juvenile rainbow trout were exposed to sewage water before and after the last treatment step which is a sand filter. As a biomarker for estrogenic effect, vitellogenin was analysed in the blood plasma of the exposed fish. To identify substances possibly responsible for the effect, bile fluid from the exposed fish were analysed with GUMS. Elevated levels of vitellogenin were only seen in the fish exposed at one of the sewage treatment plants, the one with shorter residence time in the biological treatment steps, which suggests that the residence time is of importance for the ability to reduce the amount of estrogenic substances in the sewage water. The highest elevation of vitellogenin was seen in the fish exposed to water before the sand filter, which indicates that the sand filter contributes to further reduction of estrogenic substances in the sewage water. In bile from the same group of fish, considerably higher concentrations of estrone, bisphenol A and 4-nonylphenol (4.0 mu g/g bile, 23 mu g/g bile and 24 mu g/g bile, respectively) were observed compared to bile from control fish (< 0.04 mu g/g bile, 0.21 mu g/g bile, and 3.5 mu g/g bile, respectively). The more potent steroidal estrogens were suggested to be major contributors to the observed estrogenic effect, although xenoestrogens were detected at higher concentrations in the bile fluid. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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