| 81. |
- Eriksson Baaz, Maria, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Feeding the Horse : Unofficial Economic Activities within the Police Force in the DR Congo
- 2011
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Ingår i: African Security. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1939-2206 .- 1939-2214. ; December 2011:Issue 4, s. 223-241
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on original interview material, this article addresses the organization of unofficial economic activities within the Congolese (Democratic Republic of the Congo) police force. In contrast to dominant assumptions in security sector reform discourses in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, in which property violations tend to be portrayed as disorganized, ad-hoc activities, following from irregular and insufficient salaries, the article shows how property violations are highly organized with large portions flowing upward in the chain of command. However, the article also argues for the need to go beyond one-dimensional notions of “unrestrained predation” and simplistic dichotomies between civilians (victims) and police/military (predators). Furthermore, it argues for a more contextual analysis in which the core security sector institutions are situated more firmly in the political and economic context in which they operate.
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| 82. |
- Milestad, Rebecka, et al.
(författare)
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Essential multiple functions of farms in rural communities and landscapes
- 2011
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Ingår i: Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems. - 1742-1705 .- 1742-1713. ; 26:2, s. 137-148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As farms are consolidated into larger operations and small farms close down for economic reasons, rural areas lose ecological, social and economic functions related to farming. Biodiversity and scenic, open-vista landscapes are lost as fields are left unmanaged. Social and economic benefits such as local job opportunities and meeting places disappear. Four Swedish rural communities were examined to increase our understanding of the functions that a diverse agriculture provides and which of these are lost as farms cease operation and overall rural social capital is depleted. Workshops and interviews with village action groups and with farmers were carried out. Both groups identified key functions from farming that are important to the rural community, such as production of food and fiber, businesses and jobs, human services, local security, ecosystem services such as nutrient cycling and biodiversity, and functions pertaining to quality of life. Several ways in which village action groups can support agriculture were identified that current industrial agriculture and even agri-environmental schemes fail to achieve. These include organizing local meeting places, encouraging local processing and consumption and supporting farmers in their work. We conclude that agriculture and village action groups match well in community development and that policies supporting this match would be useful.
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| 83. |
- Kavathatzopoulos, Iordanis, 1956-
(författare)
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Information Technology, democratic societies and competitive markets
- 2010
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Ingår i: An information law for the 21st Century. - Athens : Nomiki Vivliothiki.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Access of relevant information, or knowledge, is a necessary condition for finding the right solution to a problem or making the right decision. Such information triggers and maintains the psychological and societal processes lying behind the achievement of important aims for individuals and groups. Democracy demands dialog, but dialog is not possible among citizens who are totally convinced about the truth of their ideas. A participant in a dialog must have a critical attitude toward own beliefs, otherwise a common search for a better decision is not possible. IT tools can train and support unconstrained, self-critical, systematic and holistic problem solving, decision and law making. Competitive markets, like democratic societies, need access to information. Whereas well organized and strong players can guarantee it more or less for themselves the same is very difficult for consumers to achieve, like it is for citizens regarding political information. IT can easily provide information about prices, quality and other relevant aspects of products and services in the market. However, the available form, content and amount of information in the market or in politics, which are controlled by the strongest stakeholders, have as their main goal to constrain systematic and critical thinking. Therefore to take advantage of IT’s features in developing better markets and political procedures it is necessary to create rules that can guarantee it.
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| 84. |
- Cöster, Mathias, et al.
(författare)
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The hen or the egg? : IT innovations’ influence on business strategy
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Nordic Academy of Management conference 2011. - : Gotland University. ; , s. 1-18
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The literature on business strategy and management control often underscores the necessity that companies, in their strategic processes, strive to first set goals and strategies and thereafter conduct investments in organization and technologies. However, some scholars argue that IT enables and induces strategic change and that these changes are necessary in order to gain value from the investment. Based on extensive empirical studies of the Swedish graphic industry this paper elaborates on the connection between strategy development and IT utilization. The conclusions are based on a longitudinal study of the graphic industry (1980-2010), a complete study of all annual reports from the two market leaders in the industry (1984-2010) and a complete study of all board meeting protocols in a newspaper and printing company (1971-1989). One conclusion is that there is greater awareness about the implications of IT on the business and the industry than the companies manage to translate in to action. Another conclusion is that the strategic orientation of the owners affects the execution of the IT strategy in the operating units.
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| 85. |
- Henningsson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Två sidor av samma mynt : Hur tänker finansmarknadens aktörer och varför är det så svårt att kommunicera om icke-materiella resurser?
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Det projekt som vi redogör för i den här rapporten är ett led i enspännande och samhällsrelevant internationell forskning, delvispådriven av olika regeringar och mellanstatliga organisationer avseenderedovisning, styrning och kommunikation av icke-materiellaresurser som t.ex. kompetens, kundrelationer och miljöfrågor. Forskningen inom området kan sägas ha startat under 1980-talet och tog ordentlig fart i mitten av 1990-talet. Det var dock först i början av 2000-talet som intresset för forskning kring kapitalmarknadskommunikation vaknade på riktigt allvar, troligen bl.a. som en följd avaktiemarknadens volatilitet. Vår tes i skriften är att sociala skillnader mellan olika aktörer måste beaktas vid kommunikationen mellan företag och finansmarknad. Informationen tolkas på olika sätt beroende på vilken social kulturman tillhör. Man kan säga att de olika tolkningarna speglar ”två sidorav samma mynt”.
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| 86. |
- Johanson, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Markets as networks: implications for strategy-making
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0092-0703 .- 1552-7824. ; 39:4, s. 484-491
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on empirical studies of firm exchangeactivities in business markets, this paper outlines a businessnetwork view of the firm-market relationship, which differsfundamentally from the view assumed by neo-classicaleconomic theory. We define business networks as sets of connected business relationships. Thus business relationships and connections between relationships are the critical elements in the business network view. It is assumed, as suggested by the Uppsala internationalization process model, that an interplay between knowledge and commitment development is the mechanism that drives the relationship and network development process. Against this background the paper discusses how strategic change is analyzed in literature on alliances and networks. In conclusion the paper presents a set of propositions about strategy-making in business network settings.
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| 87. |
- Larson, Mia
(författare)
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Innovation and Creativity in Festival Organisations
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1936-8623 .- 1936-8631. ; 20:3, s. 287-310
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study contributes to understanding processes of innovation and creativity in festival organizations. The focus is on the internal work of renewing the festival. Three case studies of Swedish festival organizations demonstrate how festival workers attempt to renew the festival product. Processes of renewal include various ways of encouraging new ideas and creative solutions, such as brainstorming, imitation of similar products, and influences from the external environment. Two main processes of renewal were identified: institutionalized and emergent. The study further elaborated on the emergent process of renewal, thus identifying incremental and improvised renewal. Different factors contributing to or hindering innovations were distinguished; the demands of potential visitors, the management's view on renewal, the team's view on renewal, the organizational culture, and change of managers and staff.
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| 88. |
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| 89. |
- Netz, Joakim, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding imperceptible practices in strategic renewal challenges
- 2011
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Ingår i: 11<sup>th</sup> European Academy of Management conference (EURAM), 1-4 June, Tallinn. - : European Academy of Management (EURAM). - 9789985982471
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores the co-existence of both radical and incremental renewal–referred to as the strategic renewal overlap– and the practice behind it. The paper does so by examining the global corporation Ericsson that renewed into multimedia business and the defense corporation SAAB that renewed into training systems and services. The empirical data consist of in-depth interviews, internal documents, and press articles and annual reports, which are analyzed using extended case method. The findings provide deep insights into what it is that managers actually do when they engage in strategic renewal overlap. Altogether the paper shows that the strategic renewal overlap is of central concern because if we understand more of its nature then we can also understand some of the reasons behind the success and failure of technological change.
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| 90. |
- Krüger, Niclas A., et al.
(författare)
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Good times are drinking times : empirical evidence on business cycles and alcohol sales in Sweden 1861-2000
- 2010
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Ingår i: Applied Economics Letters. - Oxfordshire: United Kingdom : Routledge. - 1350-4851 .- 1466-4291. ; 17:6, s. 543-546
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article studies the relationship between the business cycle and alcohol sales in Sweden using a data set for the years 1861-2000. Using wavelet-based band-pass filtering, it is found that there is a pro-cyclical relationship, i.e. alcohol sales increases in short-term economic upturns. Using moving window techniques, we see that the pro-cyclical relationship holds over the entire time period. We also find that alcohol sales are a long-memory process with nonstationary behaviour, i.e. a shock in alcohol sales has persistent effects.
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