| 1. |
- Pujia, A., et al.
(författare)
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Individuals with Metabolically Healthy Overweight/Obesity Have Higher Fat Utilization than Metabolically Unhealthy Individuals
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6643. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mechanisms underlying the change in phenotype from metabolically healthy to metabolically unhealthy obesity are still unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate whether a difference in fasting fat utilization exists between overweight/obese individuals with a favorable cardiovascular risk profile and those with Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, we sought to explore whether there is an association between fasting fat utilization and insulin resistance. In this cross-sectional study, 172 overweight/obese individuals underwent a nutritional assessment. Those with fasting glucose >= 126 mg/dL or antidiabetic treatment were considered to be diabetics. If at least three of the NCEP criteria were present, they had Metabolic Syndrome, while those with less criteria were considered to be healthy overweight/obese. An indirect calorimetry was performed to estimate Respiratory Quotient, an index of nutrient utilization. A lower Respiratory Quotient (i.e., higher fat utilization) was found in healthy overweight/obese individuals than in those with Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 diabetes (0.85 +/- 0.05; 0.87 +/- 0.06; 0.88 +/- 0.05 respectively, p = 0.04). The univariate and multivariable analysis showed a positive association between the Respiratory Quotient and HOMA-IR (slope in statistic (B) = 0.004; beta = 0.42; p = 0.005; 95% Confidence interval = 0.001-0.006). In this study, we find, for the first time, that the fasting Respiratory Quotient is significantly lower (fat utilization is higher) in individuals who are metabolically healthy overweight/obese than in those with metabolically unhealthy obesity. In addition, we demonstrated the association between fat utilization and HOMA-IR, an insulin resistance index.
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| 2. |
- Lind, Johnny
(författare)
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The role of accounting for managing innovation processes when relationships matter
- 2017
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Ingår i: IMP Journal. - : Emerald. - 0809-7259. ; 11:1, s. 7-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper studies how accounting information is used by actors in an innovation process. It investigates how accounting information influences and is influenced by the different actors. The purpose of this paper is to develop a more thorough understanding of the role of accounting in making the choices that form temporary solutions.Design/methodology/approachAn in-depth case study of the development of a standard software release within the telecom industry.FindingsThis study has shown that accounting was a key ingredient when temporary solutions were formed in the innovation processes. Actors used accounting to stabilize the content of the release in the formation of the gate documents and used accounting to destabilize the content between the temporary solutions. It is difficult to evaluate whether the use of accounting improved or harmed the innovation. Further, the study also revealed that the use of accounting influenced and was influenced by previous and prospective future deals. This put new challenges on the use of accounting because it involved negotiation processes that influenced the accounting figures.Practical implicationsThe findings provide insights into the procedures for finding temporary solutions in the innovation process and the role of accounting in these procedures.Originality/valueThis paper contributes by providing a more thorough understanding of the role of accounting regarding the choices that comprise the temporary solutions within the innovation process. In addition, it shows how accounting has a critical role both for settling on and modifying temporary solutions. Hence, the research demonstrated how studies of the role of accounting in innovation processes can contribute to the industrial network approach by giving a more thorough understanding of network dynamics and the process of attaining stability and instability in business networks.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Beter, M., et al.
(författare)
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SproutAngio : an open-source bioimage informatics tool for quantitative analysis of sprouting angiogenesis and lumen space
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Nature. - 2045-2322. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three-dimensional image analyses are required to improve the understanding of the regulation of blood vessel formation and heterogeneity. Currently, quantitation of 3D endothelial structures or vessel branches is often based on 2D projections of the images losing their volumetric information. Here, we developed SproutAngio, a Python-based open-source tool, for fully automated 3D segmentation and analysis of endothelial lumen space and sprout morphology. To test the SproutAngio, we produced a publicly available in vitro fibrin bead assay dataset with a gradually increasing VEGF-A concentration (). We demonstrate that our automated segmentation and sprout morphology analysis, including sprout number, length, and nuclei number, outperform the widely used ImageJ plugin. We also show that SproutAngio allows a more detailed and automated analysis of the mouse retinal vasculature in comparison to the commonly used radial expansion measurement. In addition, we provide two novel methods for automated analysis of endothelial lumen space: (1) width measurement from tip, stalk and root segments of the sprouts and (2) paired nuclei distance analysis. We show that these automated methods provided important additional information on the endothelial cell organization in the sprouts. The pipelines and source code of SproutAngio are publicly available ().
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Morrison, Jamie, et al.
(författare)
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Standardized Preclinical In Vitro Blood-Brain Barrier Mouse Assay Validates Endocytosis-Dependent Antibody Transcytosis Using Transferrin-Receptor-Mediated Pathways
- 2023
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Ingår i: Molecular Pharmaceutics. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1543-8384 .- 1543-8392. ; 20:3, s. 1564-1576
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) creates a nigh-on impenetrable obstacle for large macromolecular therapeutics that need to be delivered to the brain milieu to treat neurological disorders. To overcome this, one of the strategies used is to bypass the barrier with what is referred to as a "Trojan Horse" strategy, where therapeutics are designed to use endogenous receptor-mediated pathways to piggyback their way through the BBB. Even though in vivo methodologies are commonly used to test the efficacy of BBB-penetrating biologics, comparable in vitro BBB models are in high demand, as they benefit from being an isolated cellular system devoid of physiological factors that can on occasion mask the processes behind BBB transport via transcytosis. We have developed an in vitro BBB model (In-Cell BBB-Trans assay) based on the murine cEND cells that help delineate the ability of modified large bivalent IgG antibodies conjugated to the transferrin receptor binder scFv8D3 to cross an endothelial monolayer grown on porous cell culture inserts (PCIs). Following the administration of bivalent antibodies into the endothelial monolayer, a highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is used to determine the concentration in the apical (blood) and basolateral (brain) chambers of the PCI system, allowing for the evaluation of apical recycling and basolateral transcytosis, respectively. Our results show that antibodies conjugated to scFv8D3 transcytose at considerably higher levels compared to unconjugated antibodies in the In-Cell BBB-Trans assay. Interestingly, we are able to show that these results mimic in vivo brain uptake studies using identical antibodies. In addition, we are able to transversely section PCI cultured cells, allowing for the identification of receptors and proteins that are likely involved in the transcytosis of the antibodies. Furthermore, studies using the In-Cell BBB-Trans assay revealed that transcytosis of the transferrin-receptor-targeting antibodies is dependent on endocytosis. In conclusion, we have designed a simple, reproducible In-Cell BBB-Trans assay based on murine cells that can be used to rapidly determine the BBB-penetrating capabilities of transferrin-receptor-targeting antibodies. We believe that the In-Cell BBB-Trans assay can be used as a powerful, preclinical screening platform for therapeutic neurological pathologies.
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| 7. |
- Wenell, Linnea
(författare)
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Svenskämnets elevtexter möter digitalisering
- 2023
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Att svensk skola präglad av digitalisering är synligt i läro- och kursplaner liksom i klassrummen. Ettskolämne som har tillskrivits en stor roll i arbetet med det digitala och texter är svenskämnet ihögstadiet (Skolverket 2017). Däremot är digitalisering som process många olika saker ochkonsekvenserna varierande. En given konsekvens av digitalisering är att texter blir multimodala (seexempelvis Magnusson & Godhe 2019). Däremot tycks inte alla texter som eleverna skriver präglas av22multimodalitet, vilket föranleder en bredare ingång till att studera texter och digitalisering. Av denanledningen riktar jag i studien ljus mot spår av digitalisering i texter som skrivs i svenskämnet. Syftetär att skapa förståelse för hur elevtexter blir digitala eller inte. Frågorna som guidar undersökningenär: Vilka texter skriver elever i svenskämnet?Hur är det digitala synligt i elevtexterna?Materialet i studien består av ca 50 elevtexter insamlade från svenskämneslärare i högstadiet.Gemensamt för materialet är att förlagsutgivna läromedel inte används och att lärarna producerarskrivinstruktionerna själva.Teoretiskt utgår studien från textanalytiska perspektiv där genre och texttyp används för att kartläggavilka texter som skrivs (Nyström Höög 2010). Genre och texttyp hänger samman på så vis att en genreidentifieras utifrån framträdande texttyper. Texttyper identifieras språkligt utifrån SFL (Halliday &Matthiessen 2014). Multimodalitet, kombinationen av verbalspråk och andra modaliteter, ärytterligare en aspekt som är relevant i relation till det digitala (Kress & van Leeuwen 2006).Preliminära resultat visar att elevtexter bär spår av sociala medier, men att även traditionella textersåsom brev skrivs. Texter som görs betygsgrundande bär däremot få spår av digitalisering, medantexter som skrivs under arbetets gång är digitala. Sätten på vilka digitalisering blir synlig är såledesvarierade. Resultaten behöver förstås och diskuteras utifrån kursplanens konstruktioner av detdigitala, där det finns stora skillnader mellan det centrala innehållet och betygskriterier.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Gillborg, Susanna, et al.
(författare)
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Temporomandibular Disorder Pain and Related Factors in an Adult Population : A Cross-Sectional Study in Southern Sweden
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Oral & Facial Pain and Headache. - : Quintessence. - 2333-0384. ; 31:1, s. 37-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To measure the prevalence of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) pain and examine its association with gender and other factors in an adult population in southern Sweden. Methods: In 2006, a questionnaire was sent to randomly selected individuals (n = 10,000) aged 20 to 89 years. Two specific questions were used to screen individuals with TMD pain, and an additional 16 questions were analyzed regarding the subjects' relation to TMD pain. The chi-squared test was used to compare the distribution of categorical variables, and factors possibly related to TMD pain were analyzed by using logistic regression models with a likelihood-ratio test. Results: The response rate was 63%. The prevalence of TMD pain (once a week or more) was 11.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 10.2% to 11.8%). Women reported experiencing TMD pain more frequently than men. Further, the prevalence of TMD pain increased significantly in adults < 50 years of age. Those with TMD pain reported headaches much more frequently than those without TMD pain, and individuals with TMD pain self-reported poorer general health than those without it. Individuals with TMD pain also had higher scores on the oral health impact profile (OHIP-14). Moreover, the TMD pain group was three times more likely to have had a dentist or hygienist comment on their tooth wear than the non TMD pain group. Conclusion: The prevalence of TMD pain in the adult population in southern Sweden was 11%. Factors related to TMD pain were female gender, age < 50 years, headaches, self-reported poor general health, high scores on the OHIP-14, and tooth wear. Age was the only factor that showed a significant difference between genders for TMD pain.
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| 10. |
- Ingels, Jr, Neil B, et al.
(författare)
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Chapter 18 Annular and Leaflet Shape and Planarity
- 2016
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Ingår i: Mitral Valve Mechanics. - : Linköping University Electronic Press. - 9789176859520 ; , s. 18.1-18.3
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Annular shape change in each heart was quantified by fitting (as described in Appendix C) a best-fit plane to all annulus markers (#15-#30) for each frame (f) during the three consecutive beats studied. The distance (Z) from each annulus marker (m) to this plane in each frame Z(f,m) was then obtained and the standard deviation of Z(f,m) computed for that frame as ZSD(f). This process was repeated for just the contractile annulus markers (#16-#20; #24-#29). A systolic average, Zavg(m), was then obtained for all annulus markers using all frames from mitral valve closing (MVC) to opening (MVO) for all three beats. For each frame, and each marker, the difference Z(f,m)-Zavg(m) was then computed and squared. The square root of the mean of these differences for all markers was then obtained for each frame as Zrms(f).
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Khrennikov, Andrei, 1958-
(författare)
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What does probability theory tell us about Bell's inequality?
- 2009
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Ingår i: Advanced Science Letters. - USA : American Scientific Publishers.. - 1936-6612 .- 1936-7317. ; 2:4, s. 488-497
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we would like to stress that, besides two commonly discussed conditions inducing violation of Bell's inequality—nonlocality and death of realism—there is the third condition having the same consequence. This is the condition of probabilistic incompatibility (PI) of random variables—impossibility to realize them on a single probability space—"non-Kolmogorovness." This additional source of violation of Bell's inequality should be taken into account. We remark that PI can be a consequence of nonlocality or impossibility to use the realistic model. However, PI is essentially more general condition. Random variables can be of the PI-type even in absence of nonlocal effects.
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| 13. |
- Khrennikov, Andrei, 1958-
(författare)
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Why quantum?
- 2017
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Ingår i: The Palgrave Handbook of Quantum Models in Social Science. - London : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9781137492760 - 9781137492753 ; , s. 321-334
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this chapter is to present some arguments for and against the use of the standard quantum formalism to model cognition, psychological and social behavior, decision-making, and more generally the processing of information by biosystems (from proteins and cells to brains and ecosystems).
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| 14. |
- Khrennikova, Polina, et al.
(författare)
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An Application of the Theory of Open Quantum Systems to Model the Dynamics of Party Governance in the US Political System
- 2014
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Ingår i: International journal of theoretical physics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0020-7748 .- 1572-9575. ; 53:4, s. 1346-1360
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad equation allows us to model the process of decision making in US elections. The crucial point we attempt to make is that the voter's mental state can be represented as a superposition of two possible choices for either republicans or democrats. However, reality dictates a more complicated situation: typically a voter participates in two elections, i.e. the congress and the presidential elections. In both elections the voter has to decide between two choices. This very feature of the US election system requires that the mental state is represented by a 2-qubit state corresponding to the superposition of 4 different choices. The main issue is to describe the dynamics of the voters' mental states taking into account the mental and political environment. What is novel in this paper is that we apply the theory of open quantum systems to social science. The quantum master equation describes the resolution of uncertainty (represented in the form of superposition) to a definite choice.
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| 16. |
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