| 1. |
- Fernell, Elisabeth, 1948, et al.
(författare)
-
Epidemiology of infantile hydrocephalus in Sweden: a clinical follow-up study in children born at term.
- 1988
-
Ingår i: Neuropediatrics. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 0174-304X .- 1439-1899. ; 19:3, s. 135-142
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The long-term outcome of infantile hydrocephalus (IH) in children born at term during a period of active shunt treatment was studied in a population-based survey. The series consisted of 68 children greater than or equal to 6 years old and born in 1967-78 in the south-western Swedish health care region. The clinical follow-up included neuro-paediatric assessment, Stott's test of motor impairment, the WISC test, CT and EEG analyses. Nineteen of the 68 children (28%) had cerebral palsy, 17 (25%) minor motor dysfunction and 32 (47%) no motor dysfunction; mental retardation was present in 26 (38%), 16 with an IQ 50-70 and 10 with IQ less than 50; 42 children (62%) had normal intelligence and epilepsy was found in 15 (22%). Compared with a non-shunted IH series from the 1950s, the survival of IH children had considerably increased. Of constituents characterizing the IH syndrome from the time prior to shunting, ataxia, divergent squint and the special "Cocktail-party behaviour" had significantly decreased, all of which conditions are highly related to chronic expansion of the ventricular system. The frequencies of other impairments such as mental retardation and epilepsy were fairly similar, reflecting the present increased survival of IH children with primarily non-IH-dependent brain damage. IH children with associated brain parenchymal defects had the poorest outcome, and those without had in general a much more favourable one. Thus the single most important factor for the outcome of IH was found to be the presence or absence of associated primary brain damage or maldevelopment.
|
|
| 2. |
- Fernell, Elisabeth, 1948, et al.
(författare)
-
Epidemiology of infantile hydrocephalus in Sweden. Current aspects of the outcome in preterm infants.
- 1988
-
Ingår i: Neuropediatrics. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 0174-304X .- 1439-1899. ; 19:3, s. 143-145
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The outcome in a population-based series of 61 Swedish preterm infants born in 1967-82 with infantile hydrocephalus (IH) was investigated. Sixteen (26%) died before the age of two years. The available information was updated when the 45 surviving children were at least four years and six months old. A structured follow-up examination was performed in the 13 children who had passed the age of six years. Among the 45 survivors, 47% had cerebral palsy, 51% mental retardation and 33% epilepsy. The overall outcome for preterm infants with IH was found to be poorer than that for fullterm ones. Prognostic factors correlating to a poor outcome were an obvious origin of IH (pre- or perinatal) and a gestational age of less than 28 weeks. It is concluded that handicapped IH children born very or extremely prematurely constitute a new, and to a large extent severely brain-damaged group that has entered the Swedish IH panorama since the end of the 1970s.
|
|
| 3. |
- Hagberg, Gudrun, 1924, et al.
(författare)
-
Epidemiology of infantile hydrocephalus in Sweden. Reduced optimality in prepartum, partum and postpartum conditions. A case-control study.
- 1988
-
Ingår i: Neuropediatrics. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 0174-304X .- 1439-1899. ; 19:1, s. 16-23
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The optimality concept developed by Prechtl was adopted to investigate a population-based series of infantile hydrocephalus (IH). The results were compared with those from a control series of newborns. The case series comprised 128 IH children born at term and 50 born preterm, and the control series 269 and 176, respectively. Cases with a prenatal cause of IH, as compared with those with a perinatal cause and controls, had significantly increased risk of IH by reduced optimality in the prepartum period. Peaks in the flow of non-optimal items in the prenatal group were repeated abortions or perinatal death in previous pregnancies, maternal disorder and twin birth. The profile of reduced optimality in term IH cases of undefined cause was similar to that of term cases with a prenatal cause. All IH cases had significantly increased reduced optimality in the postpartum period compared with controls. The increase was massive in cases where IH was of perinatal cause, with peaks in items of acidosis, apnea, respiratory treatment, infection and cerebral irritation. Reduced optimality in partum conditions did not discriminate between IH of pre- and perinatal cause. Reduced optimality in the prepartum, partum and postpartum periods in IH children, as compared with those with cerebral palsy syndromes, was nearly identical to that of hemiplegic, and significantly lower than that of diplegic and dyskinetic, cerebral palsy.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
