| 1. |
- Aneheim, Emma, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Astatine-211 labeling: a study towards automatic production of astatinated antibodies
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0236-5731 .- 1588-2780. ; 303:1, s. 979-983
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Targeted alpha therapy is especially interesting for therapy of microscopic cancer tumors due to short path length and high linear energy transfer of the alpha particles. One of the most promising nuclides for targeted alpha therapy is At-211. To facilitate larger clinical studies using At-211, the current manual synthesis of radiolabeled antibodies would benefit from being transferred into an automated method. In this work, successful modifications of the manual synthesis have been performed in order to adapt it to automation. The automatic synthesis has also been tested using the modified synthesis method.
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| 2. |
- Chen, P., et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of measurement and modeling results of the global Be-10 flux in topsoil
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - : Springer. - 0236-5731 .- 1588-2780. ; 311:3, s. 2039-2045
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Soils are among the major terrestrial reservoirs of atmospheric Be-10 isotope and provide information of landscape evolution history. Despite this importance, there is no overview of the global soil Be-10 fluxes in topsoil that is linked with atmospheric flux models. A comparison between measured (in topsoil) and atmospherically modeled Be-10 fluxes is presented here. The data show relatively good agreement in the latitudinal trends. This feature demonstrates the potential to use the modeling data in estimating soil development/erosion rates in large scale basins where extensive Be-10 measurements can be limited.
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| 3. |
- Chen, Xuegao, et al.
(författare)
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Estimation of I-129 inventory in the oceans
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0236-5731 .- 1588-2780. ; 308:1, s. 59-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spatial distribution of oceanic I-129 inventory presented here is based on collection of data from published literatures coupled with model calculation using ArcGIS software tools. A total of 363 thiessen polygons were created for the oceans in order to cover the tremendous variability in distribution of I-129 data range. The results indicate that total I-129 oceanic inventory is approximately 7310 kg, which is mainly stored in the region of the North Atlantic and the Arctic Oceans. The concentrations of I-129 in the oceans are 3-4 orders of magnitude higher than the pre-anthropogenic level reflecting effects of post 1945 anthropogenic activities.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- de la Rosa, Nathaly, et al.
(författare)
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Quantification of lithium at ppm level in geological samples using nuclear reaction analysis
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0236-5731 .- 1588-2780. ; 317:1, s. 253-259
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Proton-induced reaction (p,α) is one type of nuclear reaction analysis (NRA) suitable especially for light element quantification. In the case of lithium quantification presented in this work, accelerated protons with an energy about of 850 keV were used to induce the 7Li(p,α)4He reaction in standard reference and geological samples such as tourmaline and other Li-minerals. It is shown that this technique for lithium quantification allowed for measurement of concentrations down below one ppm. The possibility to relate the lithium content with the boron content in a single analysis was also demonstrated using tourmaline samples, both in absolute concentration and in lateral distribution. In addition, Particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) was utilized as a complementary IBA technique for simultaneous mapping of elements heavier than sodium.
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| 7. |
- Ekberg, Christian, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Extraction of At-211 from nitric acid solutions into various organic solvents for use as an alpha-source for radiation chemistry studies
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0236-5731 .- 1588-2780. ; 314:1, s. 235-239
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The partitioning of At-211 from an irradiated bismuth target using solvent extraction into several organic solvents is presented. Although astatine speciation is difficult to measure given its invariably low chemical concentration its extraction here is consistent with the existence of a cationic species in nitric acid that is not reduced upon contact with the organic phase. This is consistent with previous work that postulated the most probable species in acidic solution as AtO+. The technique presented has a simple experimental set up and provides high specific activity astatine solutions compatible for use in alpha-radiolysis studies.
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| 8. |
- Ekberg, Christian, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Nitride fuel for Gen IV nuclear power systems
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0236-5731 .- 1588-2780. ; 318:3, s. 1713-1725
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nuclear energy has been a part of the energy mix in many countries for decades. Today in principle all power producing reactors use the same techniqe. Either PWR or BWR fuelled with oxide fuels. This choice of fuel is not self evident and today there are suggestions to change to fuels which may be safer and more economical and also used in e.g. Gen IV nuclear power systems. One such fuel type is the nitrides. The nitrides have a better thermal conductivity than the oxides and a similar melting point and are thus have larger safety margins to melting during operation. In addition they are between 30 and 40% more dense with respect to fissile material. Drawbacks include instability with respect to water and a sometimes complicated fabrication route. The former is not really an issue with Gen IV systems but for use in the present fleet. In this paper we discuss both production and recycling potential of nitride fuels.
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| 9. |
- Espegren, Fredrik, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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Chemical interaction between sea-salt and tellurium, between 300 and 1180 K
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0236-5731 .- 1588-2780. ; 317:1, s. 535-543
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As an emergency action during the Fukushima accident, seawater was used to maintain cooling. To evaluate the effect of the salt on fission-products, sodium chloride, and tellurium were heated together using different ratios in different atmospheres (inert or oxidizing) using thermogravimetric analysis. The experiment under inert conditions showed no indication of interaction. However, under oxidizing conditions an interaction for all samples was observed that prevented an otherwise observed mass increase of the tellurium reference. The change in the appearance of the samples at increasing temperatures was studied by heating them in a furnace.
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| 10. |
- Halleröd, Jenny, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Phenyl trifluoromethyl sulfone as diluent in a grouped actinide extraction process: extraction properties of the solvent components TBP and CyMe4-BTBP
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0236-5731 .- 1588-2780. ; 307:3, s. 1711-1715
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The grouped actinide extraction (GANEX) process combines two extractants CyMe4-BTBP and TBP in a diluent, in this study phenyl trifluoromethyl sulfone (FS-13). The extraction of U-235, Np-239, Pu-238, Am-241, Cm-244 and Eu-152 has been investigated in four different systems. System 1: 70 %vol FS-13, 30 %vol TBP and 10 mM CyMe4-BTBP, system 2: 70 %vol FS-13 and 30 %vol TBP, system 3: 100 %vol FS-13 and 10 mM CyMe4-BTBP and system 4: pure FS-13. In all cases 4 M HNO3 was used as aqueous phase. In system 1 all actinides were extracted and separated from the lanthanides. In both system 2 and 3 mainly U and Pu were extracted. In system 4 none of the metals were extracted.
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| 11. |
- Halleröd, Jenny, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Stability of phenyl trifluoromethyl sulfone as diluent in a grouped actinide extraction process
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0236-5731 .- 1588-2780. ; 304:1, s. 287-291
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work, stability experiments have been performed on a phenyl trifluoromethyl sulfone based solvent containing 6,6'-bis(5,6-dialkyl-[1,2,4-]triazin-3-yl)-2,2'-bipyridine and tri-butyl phosphate. This solvent is intended to be used in a grouped actinide extraction process for partitioning and transmutation purposes. The distribution ratio for americium was determined to approximately 20 and for europium approximately 0.26 giving a separation factor of 77. The solvent maintain good distribution ratios and separation factors during both gamma irradiation of 6.6 kGy h(-1) for up to 24 h and acid contact for up to 6 weeks at room temperature.
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| 12. |
- He, Peng, et al.
(författare)
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Tracing variability in the iodine isotopes and species along surface water transect from the North Sea to the Canary Islands
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0236-5731 .- 1588-2780. ; 307:2, s. 1407-1412
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A complete transect of surface water samples from the North Sea to the Canary Islands was collected during a continuous period in 2010. The samples were analyzed for total I-129 and I-127 isotopes and their iodide and iodate species. The results indicate a large variability in the total I-129 and its species along the transect, whereas less change and variation are observed for the total I-127 and its species. Transport of I-129 fromthe western English Channel via Biscay Bay is the main source of I-129 in the northeastern Atlantic Ocean.
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| 13. |
- Ho, Doris M.L., et al.
(författare)
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Overall approaches and experiences of first-time participants in the Nuclear Forensics International Technical Working Group’s Fourth Collaborative Material Exercise (CMX-4)
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0236-5731 .- 1588-2780. ; 315:2, s. 353-363
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Fourth Collaborative Material Exercise (CMX-4) of the Nuclear Forensics International Technical Working Group (ITWG) registered the largest participation for this exercise in nuclear forensics, with seven of the 17 laboratories participating for the first time. Each of the laboratories had their strategic role to play in its respective country, analyzing real-world samples using their in-house resources. The scenario was fictitious but was thoughtfully crafted to engage participants in nuclear forensic investigations. In this paper, participants from five of the first-time laboratories shared their individual experience in this exercise, from preparation to analysis of samples.
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| 14. |
- Jonsson, S., et al.
(författare)
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Implementation of calculation codes in gamma spectrometry measurements for corrections of systematic effects
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0236-5731 .- 1588-2780. ; 303:3, s. 1727-1736
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Four calculation codes were implemented on experimental data to calculate corrections of common systematic effects within high resolution gamma spectrometry. The detector parameters were sparsely optimized to imitate the usage that can be expected from personnel with limited experience. The transfer of the efficiency from the calibration geometry (60 ml, density 1.0 g/cm(3)) to 200 ml geometry (density 1.5 g/cm(3)) failed with all codes, which was discouraging. However, a majority of the other corrected activities deviated with less than 10 % from the reference activity values, even for density corrections or when corrections had been calculated for new source-detector-geometries. Smaller deviations, around 5 % or less, were achieved when corrections were done within the calibrated geometry. This shows a robustness of the calculation codes even if the in-data is not perfectly optimized.
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| 15. |
- Kajan, Ivan, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of nitrogen compounds on transport of ruthenium through the RCS
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0236-5731 .- 1588-2780. ; 311:3, s. 2097-2109
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ruthenium is a fission product that can be released from the fuel in case of a severe nuclear accident. In this work the impact of the atmosphere composition, including air radiolysis products, on the transport of ruthenium through a primary circuit was examined. Experiments were performed at temperatures 1300, 1500 and 1700 K in a slightly humid air. In the experiments significant effect of nitrogen oxides (N2O, NO2) and nitric acid on the ruthenium chemistry in the model primary circuit was observed. The obtained results indicate a strong effect of air radiolysis products on the quantity partitioning of transported ruthenium to gaseous and aerosol compounds.
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| 16. |
- Kajan, Ivan, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of gamma radiation on the ruthenium deposited materials in a nuclear power plant
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0236-5731 .- 1588-2780. ; 309:2, s. 743-749
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2016 Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary During a severe nuclear accident ruthenium can form deposits on various surfaces inside the containment building in the form of ruthenium dioxide. Oxidizing air radiolysis products can interact with these deposits and volatilize ruthenium into the form of radiotoxic RuO4. The scope of this study was the gamma radiation induced re-vaporization of ruthenium from deposits on various materials representing surfaces inside the containment building. It was shown that humidity had an effect on the re-vaporization rates of ruthenium from epoxy paint. Some corrosion of various ruthenium deposited metal samples after gamma irradiation was also observed.
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| 17. |
- Kristo, Michael J., et al.
(författare)
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The application of radiochronometry during the 4th collaborative materials exercise of the nuclear forensics international technical working group (ITWG)
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0236-5731 .- 1588-2780. ; 315:2, s. 425-434
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a recent international exercise, 10 international nuclear forensics laboratories successfully performed radiochronometry on three low enriched uranium oxide samples, providing 12 analytical results using three different parent-daughter pairs serving as independent chronometers. The vast majority of the results were consistent with one another and consistent with the known processing history of the materials. In general, for these particular samples, mass spectrometry gave more accurate and more precise analytical results than decay counting measurements. In addition, the concordance of the U-235-Pa-231 and U-234-Th-230 chronometers confirmed the validity of the age dating assumptions, increasing confidence in the resulting conclusions.
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| 18. |
- Lakosi, L., et al.
(författare)
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Gamma spectrometry in the ITWG CMX-4 exercise
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0236-5731 .- 1588-2780. ; 315:2, s. 409-416
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Low enriched uranium samples of unknown origin were analyzed by 16 laboratories in the context of a Collaborative Materials Exercise (CMX), organized by the Nuclear Forensics International Technical Working Group (ITWG). The purpose was to compare and prioritize nuclear forensic methods and techniques, and to evaluate attribution capabilities among participants. This paper gives a snapshot of the gamma spectrometric capabilities of the participating laboratories and summarizes the results achieved by gamma spectrometry.
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| 19. |
- Lundberg, Daniel
(författare)
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An overview of eight- and nine-coordinate N-donor solvated lanthanoid(III) and actinoid(III) ions
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0236-5731 .- 1588-2780. ; 316, s. 849-854
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of replacement lanthanoid ions in actinoid chemistry is commonplace, which requires a full understanding of the similarities and differences between the two series. This overview lists, compares and discusses the available crystallographic data for N-donors for the lanthanoids and the actinoids using their trivalent state as a natural starting point for comparison.
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| 20. |
- Löfström Engdahl, Elin, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Purification of used scintillation liquids containing the alpha emitters americium and plutonium
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0236-5731 .- 1588-2780. ; 303:2, s. 1133-1136
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Sweden, alpha radioactive waste liquids withan activity over some kBq per waste container cannot besent for final storage. Therefore, in this work, a method fora purification of alpha active scintillation cocktails wasdeveloped. Until today (March, 2013) more than 20 L ofscintillation liquids have successfully been purified fromamericium and plutonium. The products of the process area solid fraction that can be sent to final storage and apractically non-radioactive liquid fraction that can be sentto municipal incineration.
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| 21. |
- Mantero, Juan, et al.
(författare)
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Quality assurance via internal tests in a newly setup laboratory for environmental radioactivity
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0236-5731 .- 1588-2780. ; 322:2, s. 891-900
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present work shows one way to apply inner Control Tests to produce reliable results based on (a) the combination of different techniques (alpha vs. Gamma spectrometry, alpha spectrometry vs. ICP-MS or gamma spectrometry vs. XRF) and (b) on the performance of inter-comparison exercises with another laboratory with a wider experience in the field.
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| 22. |
- Matyskin, Artem, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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Disassembly of old radium sources and conversion of radium sulfate into radium carbonate for subsequent dissolution in acid
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0236-5731 .- 1588-2780. ; 310:2, s. 589-595
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work details of safe radium source disassembly which were previously used in brachytherapy are described and different methods for conversion of RaSO4 into aqueous solution are reviewed. The method of choice included three cycles of RaSO4 heating in 1.5 M Na2CO3 up to 85 °C, cooling and subsequent removal of supernatant. X-ray diffraction study showed that the method allows the synthesis of, presumably, amorphous RaCO3, which can be dissolved in mineral acid. Gamma spectrometric measurements showed that most of the initial RaSO4 was converted into solution and that 7 ± 1 % of the initial 210Pb was co-precipitated with RaCO3.
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| 23. |
- Nelwamondo, Aubrey N., et al.
(författare)
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Uranium assay and trace element analysis of the fourth collaborative material exercise samples by the modified Davies-Gray method and the ICP-MS/OES techniques
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0236-5731 .- 1588-2780. ; 315:2, s. 379-394
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An international group of laboratories participating in CMX-4 subjected three samples to comparative nuclear forensic analysis using uranium assay and trace element analysis techniques to determine if the samples had similar or different origins. Uranium assay indicated that two pellet samples (ES-2 and ES-3) were nearly pure UO 2 while the black powder sample ES-1 was primarily UO 2 with UO 3 and/or U 3 O 8 forms present as impurities. Trace element analysis by five of the six participating laboratories reported molybdenum concentrations below 10 µg/g U in all of the exercise samples, suggesting the same likely facility of origin for all three samples.
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| 24. |
- Nilsson, Charlotta, et al.
(författare)
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A nuclear geochemical analysis system for boron quantification using a focused ion beam
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0236-5731 .- 1588-2780. ; 311:1, s. 355-364
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ion beam analysis has for decades been used as a tool for geochemical analysis of trace elements using both X-rays (particle induced X-ray emission) and nuclear reaction analysis. With the geoanalytical setup at the Lund Ion Beam Analysis Facility, the boron content in geological samples with a spatial resolution of 1 µm is determined through nuclear reaction analysis. In the newly upgraded setup, a single detector has been replaced by a double sided silicon strip detector with 2048 segments. After optimization, boron content in geological samples as low as 1 µg g−1 can be measured.
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| 25. |
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