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| 2. |
- Gottipati, Ponnari, et al.
(författare)
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Transcription-associated recombination in eukaryotes : link between transcription, replication and recombination.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Mutagenesis. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1464-3804 .- 0267-8357. ; 24:3, s. 203-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Homologous recombination (HR) is an important DNA repair pathway and is essential for cellular survival. It plays a major role in repairing replication-associated lesions and is functionally connected to replication. Transcription is another cellular process, which has emerged to have a connection with HR. Transcription enhances HR, which is a ubiquitous phenomenon referred to as transcription-associated recombination (TAR). Recent evidence suggests that TAR plays a role in inducing genetic instability, for example in the THO mutants (Tho2, Hpr1, Mft1 and Thp2) in yeast or during the development of the immune system leading to genetic diversity in mammals. On the other hand, evidence also suggests that TAR may play a role in preventing genetic instability in many different ways, one of which is by rescuing replication during transcription. Hence, TAR is a double-edged sword and plays a role in both preventing and inducing genetic instability. In spite of the interesting nature of TAR, the mechanism behind TAR has remained elusive. Recent advances in the area, however, suggest a link between TAR and replication and show specific genetic requirements for TAR that differ from regular HR. In this review, we aim to present the available evidence for TAR in both lower and higher eukaryotes and discuss its possible mechanisms, with emphasis on its connection with replication.
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| 3. |
- Nagy, E, et al.
(författare)
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Accelerated 32P-HPLC for bulky DNA adducts
- 2009
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Ingår i: MUTAGENESIS. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0267-8357 .- 1464-3804. ; 24:6, s. 541-541
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Shaposhnikov, Sergey, et al.
(författare)
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Detection of Alu sequences and mtDNA in comets using padlock probes
- 2006
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Ingår i: Mutagenesis. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0267-8357 .- 1464-3804. ; 21:4, s. 243-247
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Single cell gel electrophoresis, or the comet assay, is widely used to measure DNA damage and repair. However, the behaviour of the DNA under the conditions used for the comet assay is not fully understood. In developing a method for studying specific gene sequences within comets, using 'padlock probes' (circularizable oligonucleotide probes), we have first applied probes that hybridize to Alu repetitive elements and to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). During the sequence of stages in the comet assay, mtDNA progressively disperses into the surrounding agarose gel, showing no tendency to remain with nuclear DNA in the comets. In contrast, Alu probes remain associated with both tail and head DNA.
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| 6. |
- Tornqvist, M, et al.
(författare)
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Lars!Ehrenberg (1921-2005) -: Obituary
- 2006
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Ingår i: MUTAGENESIS. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0267-8357 .- 1464-3804. ; 21:1, s. 1-2
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Vineis, Paolo, et al.
(författare)
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Expectations and challenges stemming from genome-wide association studies
- 2008
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Ingår i: Mutagenesis. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0267-8357 .- 1464-3804. ; 23:6, s. 439-444
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There are considerable expectations about the ability of genome-wide association (GWA) studies to make exciting discoveries about the role of genes in common diseases. GWA studies may allow researchers to identify causal pathways that have not been unveiled before, thus opening new avenues to disease understanding, prevention and therapy. However, there are still many open challenges. One is how to analyse these studies. The problem of false positives and false negatives provides an interesting methodological stimulus to find optimal solutions. Once main genetic effects have been concretely documented, the next question is how to proceed with the investigation of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions. It is possible that what really counts is not the main effect of genes but complex interactions. Finding and interpreting such interactions is not straightforward. Finally, continuous updated integration of all evidence, from both old studies, current GWA investigations and future replication studies, and careful interpretation of the strength of the evidence are crucial to maximize transparency and lead to informative selection of the next steps of research in this field. The present Commentary is a report of an Environmental Cancer Risk, Nutrition and Individual Susceptibility network Workshop held in Venice in October 2007 and discusses some of the problems outlined above, with examples.
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