| 1. |
- Khangure, Simon R., et al.
(author)
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Carotid near-occlusion frequently has high peak systolic velocity on Doppler ultrasound
- 2018
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In: Neuroradiology. - : Springer. - 0028-3940 .- 1432-1920. ; 60:1, s. 17-25
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: Carotid near-occlusion is a tight atherosclerotic stenosis of the internal carotid artery (ICA) resulting in decrease in diameter of the vessel lumen distal to the stenosis. Near-occlusions can be classified as with or without full collapse, and may have high peak systolic velocity (PSV) across the stenosis, mimicking conventional > 50% carotid artery stenosis. We aimed to determine how frequently near-occlusions have high PSV in the stenosis and determine how accurately carotid Doppler ultrasound can distinguish high-velocity near-occlusion from conventional stenosis.Methods: Included patients had near-occlusion or conventional stenosis with carotid ultrasound and CT angiogram (CTA) performed within 30 days of each other. CTA examinations were analyzed by two blinded expert readers. Velocities in the internal and common carotid arteries were recorded. Mean velocity, pulsatility index, and ratios were calculated, giving 12 Doppler parameters for analysis.Results: Of 136 patients, 82 had conventional stenosis and 54 had near-occlusion on CTA. Of near-occlusions, 40 (74%) had high PSV (≥ 125 cm/s) across the stenosis. Ten Doppler parameters significantly differed between conventional stenosis and high-velocity near-occlusion groups. However, no parameter was highly sensitive and specific to separate the groups.Conclusion: Near-occlusions frequently have high PSV across the stenosis, particularly those without full collapse. Carotid Doppler ultrasound does not seem able to distinguish conventional stenosis from high-velocity near-occlusion. These findings question the use of ultrasound alone for preoperative imaging evaluation.
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| 2. |
- Cole, E. M., et al.
(author)
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Doppler imaging of LQ Hydrae for 1998-2002
- 2015
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In: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 581
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aims. We study the spot distribution on the surface of LQ Hya during the observing seasons October 1998-November 2002. We look for persistent active longitudes, trends in the level of spot activity and compare to photometric data. Methods. We apply the Doppler imaging technique on photospheric spectral lines using an inversion code to retrieve images of the surface temperature. Results. We present new temperature maps using multiple spectral lines for a total of 7 seasons. Conclusions. We find no evidence for active longitudes persisting over multiple observing seasons. The spot activity appears to be concentrated to two latitude regions. Using the currently accepted rotation period, we find spot structures to show a trend in the phase-time plot, indicative of a need for a longer period. We conclude that the long-term activity of LQ Hya is more chaotic than that of some magnetically active binary stars analyzed with similar methods, but still with clear indications of an activity cycle from the photometry.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Flink Elmfors, Anton, et al.
(author)
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Normal values of the resistivity index of the pericallosal artery with and without compression of the anterior fontanelle
- 2018
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In: Pediatric Radiology. - : SPRINGER. - 0301-0449 .- 1432-1998. ; 49:5, s. 646-651
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundResistivity index (RI) of the pericallosal artery as is commonly measured during head ultrasound (US) examination in neonates. Some studies have shown that RI measured with gentle compression of the fontanelle provides additional information in cases of neonatal brain anomalies.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to establish normal RI values with and without compression in a large population of neonates with normal cranial ultrasound as a function of gestational age.Materials and methodsThe authors of this retrospective study reviewed the RI of 323 infants with normal gray-scale cranial US and with a gestational age ranging 26-42weeks. We conducted the exams both with and without compression of the anterior fontanelle and we studied changes in RI depending on gestational age, gender and type of delivery.ResultsInfants with a gestational age of more than 35weeks tended to have a lower RI (P=0.011). The compression of the anterior fontanelle emphasized the change in RI with increasing gestational age, with higher gestational ages having a lower RI (Pamp;lt;0.001). The results concerning the percentage change between baseline RI and RI with compression showed that infants with higher gestational ages have a smaller percentage change in RI (P=0.002).ConclusionWe established the normal values for RI from 26weeks to 42weeks of gestation. The results of the study show the importance of taking the gestational age into consideration when evaluating the RI.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Vivier, Pierre-Hugues, et al.
(author)
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Standardization of pediatric uroradiological terms : a multidisciplinary European glossary
- 2018
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In: Pediatric Radiology. - : SPRINGER. - 0301-0449 .- 1432-1998. ; 48:2, s. 291-303
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To promote the standardization of nephro-uroradiological terms used in children, the European Society of Paediatric Radiology uroradiology taskforce wrote a detailed glossary. This work has been subsequently submitted to European experts in pediatric urology and nephrology for discussion and acceptance to improve the quality of radiological reports and communication between different clinicians involved in pediatric urology and nephrology.
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| 10. |
- Al-Handal, Adil Y, 1952, et al.
(author)
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Observations on diatoms inhabiting natural and artificial substrates in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, the Arctic
- 2016
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In: Polar Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0722-4060 .- 1432-2056. ; 39:11, s. 1913-1932
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The most dramatic effects of global climate change are predicted for the Arctic, and there is a raising concern about the lack of baseline information on microalgal biodiversity. The present study was motivated by the general lack of information on species distribution of Arctic benthic diatoms and particularly studies providing photographs to facilitate morphological species identification. Diatoms were studied in samples collected from Ny lesund, Spitsbergen, Svalbard, during summer 2006 and spring 2008. Two types of samples were examined: diatoms scraped from ceramic tiles, immersed at 0.5 m depth (2006), and diatoms extracted from surface sediment, collected at 0.5 to 3 m depth (2008). A total number of 75 taxa belonging to 45 genera were encountered. Sixty-eight species were found in the sediment samples and 48 on the ceramic tiles, of which 41 species were found on both substrata. Common species of the tile assemblages were Fragilariopsis spp., Licmophora spp., Odontella aurita, Synedropsis hyperborea and Trachyneis aspera, while Thalassiosira spp., Diploneis spp. and Navicula spp. were common in the sediment samples. Twenty-five percent of the observed diatom species belonged to freshwater taxa brought to the fjord from surrounding meltwater and river discharges. ELMANN A, 1992, DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART A-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS, V39, PS525
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| 11. |
- Lamichhane, Santosh, et al.
(author)
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Circulating metabolites in progression to islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes
- 2019
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In: Diabetologia. - : Springer. - 0012-186X .- 1432-0428. ; 62:12, s. 2287-2297
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Metabolic dysregulation may precede the onset of type 1 diabetes. However, these metabolic disturbances and their specific role in disease initiation remain poorly understood. In this study, we examined whether children who progress to type 1 diabetes have a circulatory polar metabolite profile distinct from that of children who later progress to islet autoimmunity but not type 1 diabetes and a matched control group.METHODS: We analysed polar metabolites from 415 longitudinal plasma samples in a prospective cohort of children in three study groups: those who progressed to type 1 diabetes; those who seroconverted to one islet autoantibody but not to type 1 diabetes; and an antibody-negative control group. Metabolites were measured using two-dimensional GC high-speed time of flight MS.RESULTS: In early infancy, progression to type 1 diabetes was associated with downregulated amino acids, sugar derivatives and fatty acids, including catabolites of microbial origin, compared with the control group. Methionine remained persistently upregulated in those progressing to type 1 diabetes compared with the control group and those who seroconverted to one islet autoantibody. The appearance of islet autoantibodies was associated with decreased glutamic and aspartic acids.CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Our findings suggest that children who progress to type 1 diabetes have a unique metabolic profile, which is, however, altered with the appearance of islet autoantibodies. Our findings may assist with early prediction of the disease.
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| 12. |
- Eliasson, Gunnar
(author)
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The incomplete Schumpeter Stockholm School connection
- 2015
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In: Journal of evolutionary economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0936-9937 .- 1432-1386. ; 25:1, s. 45-56
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- During the early post WWII years Walrasian minded static equilibrium economists managed to disconnect a promising merge of Schumpeterian and Swedish School economics, and for decades more or less block the development of evolutionary dynamics. This paper is a fresh start of what should then have been done. I link my discussion to Loasby's (1998) two forms of coordination failure of; (1) failure of economists to model the coordination of an economy "out of equilibrium" and (2) failure of economists of competing schools to understand and benefit from each other. I find that 2 may explain 1.
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| 13. |
- Östlund, Lars
(author)
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Legacy Effects of Human Land Use: Ecosystems as Time-Lagged Systems
- 2017
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In: Ecosystems. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-9840 .- 1435-0629. ; 20, s. 94-103
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Today, most ecosystems show some degree of human modification, ranging from subtle influences to complete remodeling and reshaping into anthropogenic ecosystems. In the first issue of the journal Ecosystems, the field of historical ecology, which focuses on the historical development of ecosystems, was prominently positioned with the papers of Foster and others (Ecosystems 1:96-119, 1998) and Fuller and others (Ecosystems 1:76-95, 1998). Starting from these two contributions, we (1) discuss how anthropogenic activities affect ecosystems and their development, (2) outline how land use can be assessed in ecosystem research, and we (3) discuss what the consequences of a historical perspective for our understanding of ecosystems are. We conclude by stating that whereas land-use intensity over time is an ecologically highly relevant parameter to grasp, the availability, quality, and characteristics of historical sources often restrict the analyses. In order to make optimal use of the sources and methods available and to strengthen this field of research and also increase its societal relevance, we suggest building interdisciplinary teams from a very early project phase on. Core task for these teams will be to jointly define research questions considering source availability, and including and merging modeling and experimental approaches in the study design. We propose that adopting a landscape perspective in historical ecology would provide a helpful framework and valuable background for such novel integrated analyses.
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| 14. |
- Akay, Alpaslan, 1975, et al.
(author)
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Ethnic diversity and well-being
- 2017
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In: Journal of Population Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0933-1433 .- 1432-1475. ; 30:1, s. 265-306
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper investigates how ethnic diversity, measured by immigrants' nationalities, influences the well-being of the host country. Using panel data from Germany from 1998 to 2012, we find a positive effect of ethnic diversity on the well-being of German natives. Our finding is robust to alternative definitions of ethnic diversity and to the non-random selection of natives and immigrants into regions. The positive effect of ethnic diversity is stronger for immigrant groups that are culturally and economically closer to Germany. Consistent with this result, we document the existence of two mechanisms explaining the influence of ethnic diversity on well-being: productivity-as captured by immigrants' skills and assimilation-and social capital-particularly in relation to the creation of a multicultural environment.
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| 15. |
- Finnes, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Psychological treatments for return to work in individuals on sickness absence due to common mental disorders or musculoskeletal disorders : a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials
- 2019
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In: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-0131 .- 1432-1246. ; 92:3, s. 273-293
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: Common mental disorders (CMDs) and musculoskeletal disorders are highly prevalent in the population and cause significant distress and disability, and high costs to society. The main objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the outcome and comparative effectiveness of psychological interventions in reducing sickness absence (SA) due to CMDs or musculoskeletal disorders, compared to a waitlist control group, usual care or another clinical intervention.Methods: We reviewed 3515 abstracts of randomized controlled trials published from 1998 to 2017. Of these, 30 studies were included in the analysis.Results: The psychological interventions were overall more effective than treatment as usual in reducing SA (small effect sizes), but not compared to other clinical interventions. Results were similar for studies on CMDs and musculoskeletal pain. A few significant moderating effects were found for treatment-specific variables. However, these were difficult to interpret as they pointed in different directions.Conclusion: There was a small but significant effect of psychological treatments in reducing SA. We identified areas of improvement such as methodological problems among the included studies and failure to specifically address RTW in the interventions that were evaluated. Clinical implications of the findings, and ways of improving methodological rigour of future studies are discussed.
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| 16. |
- Sevonius, Dan, et al.
(author)
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The Impact of Type of Mesh Repair on 2nd Recurrence After Recurrent Groin Hernia Surgery
- 2015
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In: World Journal of Surgery. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-2323 .- 0364-2313. ; 39:2, s. 315-322
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- According to the Swedish Hernia Register (SHR), the reoperation rate is more than doubled after recurrent groin hernia repair compared with primary repair. The aim was to study the impact of type of mesh repair used in recurrent groin hernia surgery on a 2nd recurrence in a population-based cohort derived from the SHR. All 1st recurrent hernia repairs in the south-west region of Sweden, registered in SHR between 1998 up to 2007 were included. A questionnaire was sent in 2009. Patients stating a new lump or persisting problems were examined. A 2nd recurrence was identified as a 2nd reoperation or at physical examination. The incidence was analysed comparing anterior mesh repair (AMR) and posterior mesh repairs (PMR) (endoscopic and open). Eight hundred and fifteen recurrent operations in 767 patents were analysed, 401 AMRs and 414 PMRs. PMR had a lower 2nd recurrence rate compared with AMR (5.6 vs. 11.0 %) (p = 0.025). An increased risk [3.21 (CI 1.33-7.44) (p = 0.009)] of a subsequent 2nd recurrence was seen after anterior index repair followed by AMR and a decreased risk [0.08 (CI 0.01-0.94) (p = 0.045)] after posterior index repair followed by AMR. PMR in recurrent groin hernia surgery was associated with a lower 2nd recurrence rate compared to anterior. A posterior approach for 1st recurrent operation is recommended after an anterior index repair and an anterior approach after a posterior index operation.
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| 17. |
- Milanetto, Anna Caterina, et al.
(author)
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Health-Related Quality of Life After Surgery for Small Intestinal Neuroendocrine Tumours
- 2018
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In: World Journal of Surgery. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0364-2313 .- 1432-2323. ; 42:10, s. 3231-3239
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Overall survival for patients with small intestinal neuroendocrine tumours (siNETs) is long, even with metastatic disease, making quality of life issues relevant. The impact of surgery on quality of life is not known. We investigated determinants of health-related quality of life in patients who had undergone surgery for a siNET. Methods: Patients operated for a siNET between 1998 and 2016 at Skåne University Hospital (Lund, Sweden), who were alive in February 2017, were sent two questionnaires constructed by the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC QLQ-C30, EORTC QLQ-GINET21). Global quality of life, physical function, disease-related worries, diarrhoea and endocrine symptoms were evaluated with linear and logistic regression in relation to patient-, tumour- and treatment-related factors. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA 11®. Results: One hundred patients (84%) completed the questionnaires. Women had worse global quality of life (p = 0.019), more disease-related worries (p < 0.001) and endocrine symptoms (p = 0.017) than men. Older age was associated with more disease-related worries (p = 0.007), but fewer endocrine symptoms (p = 0.034). Non-symptomatic tumour versus symptomatic tumour (p = 0.002), and treatment with somatostatin analogues versus no treatment (p = 0.040) were associated with less diarrhoea. Small versus large bowel resection was associated with better global quality of life (p = 0.036) and physical function (p = 0.035). Conclusions: Male gender, younger age, treatment with somatostatin analogues, non-symptomatic tumour, and small intestinal surgery rather than large bowel surgery were associated with better quality of life.
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| 18. |
- Rosengren, Annika, 1951, et al.
(author)
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Excess risk of hospitalisation for heart failure among people with type 2 diabetes
- 2018
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In: Diabetologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-0428 .- 0012-186X. ; 61:11, s. 2300-09
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Type 2 diabetes is an established risk factor for heart failure, but age-specific data are sparse. We aimed to determine excess risk of heart failure, based on age, glycaemic control and kidney function in comparison with age- and sex-matched control individuals from the general population. METHODS: Individuals with type 2 diabetes registered in the Swedish National Diabetes Registry 1998-2012 (n = 266,305) were compared with age-, sex- and county-matched control individuals without diabetes (n = 1,323,504), and followed over a median of 5.6 years until 31 December 2013. RESULTS: We identified 266,305 individuals with type 2 diabetes (mean age 62.0 years, 45.3% women) and 1,323,504 control individuals. Of the individuals with type 2 diabetes and control individuals, 18,715 (7.0%) and 50,157 (3.8%) were hospitalised with a diagnosis of heart failure, respectively. Comparing individuals with diabetes with those in the control group, men and women with type 2 diabetes who were younger than 55 years of age had HRs for hospitalisation for heart failure of 2.07 (95% CI 1.73, 2.48) and 4.59 (95% CI 3.50, 6.02), respectively, using analyses adjusted for socioeconomic variables and associated conditions. Younger age, poorer glycaemic control and deteriorating renal function were all associated with increased excess risk of heart failure in those with type 2 diabetes compared with the control group. However, people with diabetes who were >/=75 years and without albuminuria or with good glycaemic control (HbA1c
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| 19. |
- Parai, Catharina, 1977, et al.
(author)
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Follow-up of degenerative lumbar spine surgery-PROMs stabilize after 1 year: an equivalence study based on Swespine data
- 2019
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In: European Spine Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0940-6719 .- 1432-0932. ; 28:9, s. 2187-2197
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose To evaluate the outcome of degenerative lumbar spine surgery in a credible way, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) should be assessed after an adequate follow-up period. Most authors/journals consider a follow-up period of less than two years to be too short. The purpose of this study was to explore the possibility of restricting follow-up to one year. Methods Adult patients operated between 1998 and 2017 were retrieved from Swespine (Lumbar Disc Herniation n = 31,314, Lumbar Spinal Stenosis n = 53,043 and Degenerative Disc Disease n = 14,375). The proportion reaching the minimal important change (MIC) in Visual Analogue Scale for pain (VAS(BACK/LEG)), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and the quality-of-life measure EQ-5D(INDEX) at 1 and 2 years, respectively, was calculated. The single-item questions such as Global Assessment (GA(BACK/LEG)) and Satisfaction were analysed by the McNemar test. Threshold values for a successful outcome based on the final scores of each PROM at 1 and 2 years post-surgery were also defined. Results For all the three diagnostic groups, the differences in proportions reaching MIC of each PROM at 1 and 2 years were below 2%. Global Assessment and Satisfaction with outcome at one year remained at 2 years. There were no important differences of threshold values of treatment success based on final scores Conclusion No clinically important changes in PROMs appeared between 1 and 2 years after surgery for degenerative lumbar conditions, demonstrating that a follow-up period of 1 year as opposed to 2 years is sufficient in effectiveness studies if PROMs are to be used as outcome variables.
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| 20. |
- Rogmark, Peder, et al.
(author)
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Long-Term Follow-Up of Retromuscular Incisional Hernia Repairs : Recurrence and Quality of Life
- 2018
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In: World Journal of Surgery. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0364-2313 .- 1432-2323. ; 42:4, s. 974-980
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: Incisional hernia repair (IHR) with a mesh is necessary to achieve low recurrence rates and pain relief. In the short term, quality of life (QoL) is restored by IHR. Two centers pioneered the IHR in Sweden with the highly standardized Rives–Stoppa technique using a retromuscular mesh. We assessed long-term follow-up of recurrence rate and QoL. Methods: Medical records were searched for IHRs performed from 1998 to 2006 and included living patients with midline repairs. Questionnaires about physical status, complaints, and QoL (SF-36) were mailed, offering a clinical examination. Assessment of medical records of later surgery was performed in 2015. Results: Three hundred and one patients with midline incisional repairs were identified, and 217 accepted participation. Of these, 103 attended a clinical examination. Follow-up was 7 years until examination and 11 years to reassessment of medical records. In 26%, recurrent hernias were repaired. Postoperative complications were 26% Clavien–Dindo grade I–II and 1% grade III–IV. Mesh infections occurred in 1.4% without mesh removals, and 4% were reoperated because of complications. Overall recurrence rate was 8.1% and two-third of which were diagnosed at clinical examination. Recurrence after primary and recurrent hernia repair was 7.1 and 10.9%, respectively. Of all patients, 80% were satisfied; dissatisfaction was primarily caused by recurrence and chronic pain. SF-36 scores were 0.2 SD lower than the norm in all subscales, similar to those with 1–2 chronic conditions. Conclusions: Midline retromuscular mesh IHR has a low long-term recurrence rate even after recurrent repair. Patient satisfaction was high although QoL was reduced.
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| 21. |
- Norlén, Olov, et al.
(author)
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The Weight of the Resected Gland Predicts Rate of Success After Image-Guided Focused Parathyroidectomy
- 2015
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In: World Journal of Surgery. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0364-2313 .- 1432-2323. ; 39:8, s. 1922-1927
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A recent study of focused minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (FPTX) in sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) using intraoperative parathyroid hormone (ioPTH) measurements shows that inadequate ioPTH drop and multiglandular disease are more commonly found when a first gland < 200 mg is resected. Our aim was to study if a resected gland that weighed < 200 mg was associated with an increased persistence rate after FPTX. This is a cohort study of FPTX for pHPT performed in the period 1998-2013. FPTX was performed in patients with pHPT where Sestamibi and Ultrasound imaging localized single-gland disease, only one gland was excised and the weight recorded. IoPTH was not used routinely. Two groups were composed according to the weight of the resected gland: Group A < 200 mg and Group B a parts per thousand yen200 mg. Persistent or recurrent disease was defined if it occurred within, or after 6 months. The primary outcome measure was the rate of persisting pHPT. A total of 3,511 parathyroidectomies were performed, and a total 1,745 FPTX (1,347 female) met inclusion criteria. There were 245 and 1,500 patients in groups A and B, respectively. The rate of persistent pHPT was higher in Group A, 6.1 versus 2.0 % (p < 0.001). Findings at re-operative surgery showed that the ipsilateral gland was diseased in 47 % (7/15) of persistent cases in group A. The risk of persistent disease after MIP was higher if the resected gland weighed a parts per thousand currency sign200 mg, and this corroborates the findings of a recent study. A heightened awareness of the possibility of multigland disease should be raised, and ioPTH monitoring, identification of the ipsilateral gland or bilateral exploration may be advisable in such cases.
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| 22. |
- Cano, Z., et al.
(author)
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GRB 161219B/SN 2016jca : A low-redshift gamma-ray burst supernova powered by radioactive heating
- 2017
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In: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 605
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Since the first discovery of a broad-lined type Ic supernova (SN) with a long-duration gamma-ray burst (GRB) in 1998, fewer than fifty GRB-supernovae (SNe) have been discovered. The intermediate-luminosity Swift GRB 161219B and its associated supernova SN 2016jca, which occurred at a redshift of z = 0.1475, represents only the seventh GRB-SN to have been discovered within 1 Gpc, and hence provides an excellent opportunity to investigate the observational and physical properties of these very elusive and rare type of SN. As such, we present optical to near-infrared photometry and optical spectroscopy of GRB 161219B and SN 2016jca, spanning the first three months since its discovery. GRB 161219B exploded in the disk of an edge-on spiral galaxy at a projected distance of 3.4 kpc from the galactic centre. GRB 161219B itself is an outlier in the E-p,E-i - E-gamma,E-iso plane, while SN 2016jca had a rest-frame, peak absolute V-band magnitude of M-V = -19.0 +/- 0.1, which it reached after 12.3 +/- 0.7 rest-frame days. We find that the bolometric properties of SN 2016jca are inconsistent with being powered solely by a magnetar central engine, and demonstrate that it was likely powered exclusively by energy deposited by the radioactive decay of nickel and cobalt into their daughter products, which were nucleosynthesised when its progenitor underwent core collapse. We find that 0.22 +/- 0.08 M-circle dot of nickel is required to reproduce the peak luminosity of SN 2016jca, and we constrain an ejecta mass of 5.8 +/- 0.3 M-circle dot and a kinetic energy of 5.1 +/- 0.8 x 10(52) erg. Finally, we report on a chromatic, pre-maximum bump in the g-band light curve, and discuss its possible origin.
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| 23. |
- O Gorman, Eamon, 1984, et al.
(author)
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Temporal evolution of the size and temperature of Betelgeuse's extended atmosphere
- 2015
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In: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 580
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Spatially resolved multi-wavelength centimeter continuum observations of cool evolved stars can not only constrain the morphology of the radio emitting regions, but can also directly probe the mean gas temperature at various depths of the star's extended atmosphere. Here, we use the Very Large Array (VLA) in the A configuration with the Pie Town (PT) Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) antenna to spatially resolve the extended atmosphere of Betelgeuse over multiple epochs at 0.7, 1.3, 2.0, 3.5, and 6.1 cm. The extended atmosphere deviates from circular symmetry at all wavelengths while at some epochs we find possible evidence for small pockets of gas significantly cooler than the mean global temperature. We find no evidence for the recently reported e-MERLIN radio hotspots in any of our multi-epoch VLA/PT data, despite having sufficient spatial resolution and sensitivity at short wavelengths, and conclude that these radio hotspots are most likely interferometric artefacts. The mean gas temperature of the extended atmosphere has a typical value of 3000 K at 2 R∗ and decreases to 1800 K at 6 R∗, in broad agreement with the findings of the single epoch study from Lim et al. (1998, Nature, 392, 575). The overall temperature profile of the extended atmosphere between 2 R∗ ≲ r ≲ 6 R∗ can be described by a power law of the form Tgas(r) ∝ r-0.6, with temporal variability of a few 100 K evident at some epochs. Finally, we present over 12 yr of V band photometry, part of which overlaps our multi-epoch radio data. We find a correlation between the fractional flux density variability at V band with most radio wavelengths. This correlation is likely due to shock waves induced by stellar pulsations, which heat the inner atmosphere and ionize the more extended atmosphere through radiative means. Stellar pulsations may play an important role in exciting Betelgeuse's extended atmosphere.
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| 24. |
- Tanghöj, Gustaf, et al.
(author)
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Early Complications After Percutaneous Closure of Atrial Septal Defect in Infants with Procedural Weight Less than 15 kg
- 2017
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In: Pediatric Cardiology. - : SPRINGER. - 0172-0643 .- 1432-1971. ; 38:2, s. 255-263
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Atrial septal defect (ASD) is the most common congenital cardiac lesion accounting for 10-15% of all cardiac malformations. In the majority of cases, the secundum type of the ASD is closed percutaneously in the catheterization laboratory. Although transcatheter closure of ASD is considered safe and effective in pediatric patients, there are limited data regarding the efficacy and safety of device ASD closure in smaller infants. The aim of this study was to determine risk of complications within 72 h following device closure of ASD in children of body weight < 15 kg compared to larger children. Overall 252 children who underwent transcatheter closure of ASD at Children's Heart Centre in Lund, Sweden, between 1998 and 2015 were included. Data regarding demographics, comorbidity and complications occurring during and after device procedure until discharge were retrieved from the hospital's databases. Echocardiographic data were obtained from the digital and videotape recordings. Nearly half of the study cohort (n = 112; 44%) had a procedural weight < 15 (median 11.3) kg with a median procedural age of 2.02 years. Among this study group, 22 (9%) children had post-procedural in-hospital complications, of which 16 (7%) were considered as major and six (2%) considered as minor. No deaths occurred. There was no significant difference in of the occurrence of major or minor complications between the two groups (p = 0.32). Larger ASD was more often associated with minor complications, OR 1.37 (95% CI 0.99-1.89), which most often consisted of transient arrhythmias during or after the procedure. Percutaneous ASD device closure can be performed safely in low-weight infants with a risk of post-procedural in-hospital complications comparable to larger/older children. Nevertheless, careful considerations of the indications to device closure is needed, particularly in children with larger ASD, as recommended by the current international guidelines for ASD closure.
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| 25. |
- Wallin, Alice, et al.
(author)
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Egg consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes : a prospective study and dose-response meta-analysis
- 2016
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In: Diabetologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0012-186X .- 1432-0428. ; 59:6, s. 1204-13
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between egg consumption and type 2 diabetes risk in the Cohort of Swedish Men and to conduct a meta-analysis to summarise available prospective evidence on this association.METHODS: We followed 39,610 men (aged 45-79 years) from 1998 up to 2012 for incident type 2 diabetes. Egg consumption was assessed at baseline using a food frequency questionnaire. HRs (95% CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression models. We searched PubMed (up to 14 December 2015) and reference lists of retrieved articles to identify eligible studies for meta-analysis.RESULTS: During the 15 years of follow up, 4,173 men were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Compared with men who consumed eggs <1 time/week, the multivariable-adjusted HRs were 0.98 (95% CI 0.92, 1.05), 1.11 (95% CI 0.99, 1.24) and 1.11 (95% CI 0.95, 1.29) for egg consumption 1-2, 3-4 and ≥5 times/week, respectively (p trend = 0.06). In a random-effects dose-response meta-analysis, heterogeneity in the overall estimate was partly explained by differences across regions. The overall HRs for type 2 diabetes for each 3 times/week increment in consumption were 1.18 (95% CI 1.13, 1.24) in five US studies (I (2) = 0%) and 0.97 (95% CI 0.90, 1.05) in seven non-US studies.CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Our findings in Swedish men do not support an association between egg consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes. In a meta-analysis, frequent egg consumption was associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes in US studies only. Egg consumption habits and associated overall dietary patterns may differ between populations and could potentially explain the discrepancies between reported results. Given the inconsistent results, this relationship warrants further study.
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